NEWFOUNDLAND. 



NEW HAMPSHIRE. 



543 



The following is a statement of the business 

 at the General Post-Office, St. John's, for the 

 year 1873 : Letters received and dispatched, 

 348,693 ; registered, received and dispatched, 

 2,719; newspapers, over 1,000,000, besides 

 books and magazines. 



The amount expended by the Government 

 for educational purposes in 1872 was $71, 290.- 

 24; in 1873, $73,515.62. The statistics of 

 common schools for the last three years are as 

 follows : 



Besides these there are grammar-schools at 

 Harbor Grace and Oarbonear ; an Episcopal, a 

 Wesleyan Methodist, and a general Protestant 

 academy, at St. John's ; and at the same place 

 an Episcopal Theological Institute and St. 

 Bona venture College (Catholic). 



The question of joining the Dominion of 

 Canada as a province has several times come 

 before the people of Newfoundland at elec- 

 tions for members of Assembly, but the propo- 

 sition has been voted down by large majorities. 



St. John's, the capital and commercial me- 

 tropolis of Newfoundland, and the easternmost 

 town in. North America, is situated in the 

 southeast part of the island, on the north side 

 of a harbor of the same name on the east coast 

 of the peninsula of Avalon, 65 miles north of 

 Cape Race, and 18 miles south of Cape St. 

 Francis, 550 miles east-northeast of Halifax, 

 Nova Scotia, in latitude 47 34' north, and 

 longitude 52 42' west. Its population in 1802 

 was 3,420; in 1836, 14,946; in 1845, about 

 19,000; in 1857,24,851; in 1869,22,553; in 

 1874, 23,890. The decrease in population 

 between 1857 and 1869 was due to a consider- 

 able emigration to Canada and the United 

 States, in consequence of several poor fishing- 

 seasons. 



The town consists of three streets nearly 

 parallel with the ' harbor, and others crossing 

 these at right angles. A fourth main street, 

 on which are situated the Government-House, 

 Colonial Building, skating-rinks, etc., is being 

 rapidly built up. The streets are well drained 

 and macadamized, and are lighted with gas. 

 A supply of water was introduced in 1861, at 

 a cost of $360,000, from a large lake five miles 

 distant, and elevated 150 feet above the high- 

 est part of the town. The principal thorough- 

 fare stretches along the water's edge about 1-J 

 mile, and is well built up with brick and 

 stone. From it the wharves project into the 

 harbor. On the other streets the houses are 

 mostly of wood. The Government-House (resi- 

 dence of the Governor) is a plain structure, 

 erected at a cost of $240,000. The Colonial 

 Lunatic Asylum is beautifully situated in wood- 



ed grounds about three miles out of town. Other 

 public edifices are the Colonial Building (con- 

 taining the public offices and legislative halls), 

 Custorn-House, Colonial Penitentiary, Post- 

 Office, Court-House, General Hospital, Small- 

 Pox Hospital, Market-House, and Poor-House 

 (in the suburbs). 



The harbor is landlocked and somewhat- 

 crescent-shaped ; it is deep, and has good an- 

 chorage. The entrance is through the " Nar- 

 rows," a gorge between two steep and rugged 

 cliffs, 220 yards wide and 660 yards long, with 

 12 fathoms of water in mid-channel. On the 

 south one is a lighthouse, with a light 114 feet 

 above the sea. There are also two lights in the 

 town serving as a guide to the harbor. The 

 harbor is 1 mile long, and from 500 yards to 

 a little more than half a mile wide. 



The trade of the town consists chiefly in 

 supplying the fishermen of Newfoundland with 

 clothing, provisions, and tackle, and in export- 

 ing the products of the fisheries, chiefly cod- 

 fish, seal-skins, and cod and seal oil, which are 

 mostly taken to Great Britain, Spain, Portugal, 

 and Brazil. Another important industry is 

 the fitting out of vessels for the seal-fishery. 

 The value of imports during 1874 was about 

 $6,000,000; of exports, about $5,000,000. The 

 number of entrances was 898, tonnage, 220,- 

 916; clearances, 724, tonnage, 195,392. About 

 80 per cent, of the imports and 75 per cent, of 

 the exports of the island pass through this 

 port. 



St. John's contains two banks, a savings- 

 bank, a marine-insurance company, and two 

 public libraries, having together 5,000 or 6,000 

 volumes ; and there are published here three 

 tri- weekly, four semi-weekly, and three week- 

 ly newspapers. 



NEW HAMPSHIRE. The Democratic par- 

 ty of this State met in State Convention at 

 Concord on the 5th of January, 1875, for the 

 purpose of nominating their candidates for the 

 offices of Governor and Railroad Commissioner. 

 The convention was very numerously attend- 

 ed, nearly seven hundred delegates having 

 been present from all parts of the State. 



For the office of Governor, Hiram R. Rob- 

 erts, of Rollinsford, received 347 votes, and 

 Warren F. Daniell, of Franklin, 240. Mr. Rob- 

 erts was declared the nominee for Governor. 



For Railroad Commissioner, Adams T. Pierce, 

 of Claremont, received the highest number of 

 votes, and was, on motion, nominated by accla- 

 mation. 



The Committee on Resolutions then reported 

 the following, which were adopted : 



"We, the Democracy of New Hampshire, in con- 

 vention assembled, send greeting to our brethren in 

 other States, and rejoice with them in the glorious 

 result of the recent elections, presaging the deliver- 

 ance of the country from the dominion of radical 

 tyranny and corruption, under which it has suffered 

 for the last fourteen years ; reaffirming our allegiance 

 to the Federal Constitution as the supreme law of 

 the land, by which all powers not expressly delegated 

 by the General Government are reserved to the 

 States themselves and the people, we make the fol- 



