568 



NORTH CAROLINA. 



NORTHWEST TERRITORIES. 



The Governor, with the advice and consent 

 of the Senate, shall appoint all officers whose 

 appointments are not otherwise provided for. 



A Bureau of Agriculture, Immigration, and 

 Statistics, is provided for. 



All lands, and the proceeds of lands, given 

 by the United States to the State, shall be ap- 

 plied to educational purposes ; also, all swamp- 

 lands, fines, etc., are to be used for purposes 

 of education. 



Concerning the social relations between the 

 two races, the new constitution forbids white 

 and black children going to the same school; 

 and provides that separate schools shall be 

 furnished them respectively, and no discrimi- 

 nation made to the prejudice of either race. 



It also forbids marriage between a white 

 and a black, or any person of negro descent, 

 to the third generation. 



During the session of the Constitutional Con- 

 vention a resolution was offered by one of its 

 members proposing the removal of the politi- 

 cal disabilities from William W. Holden, the 

 ex-Governor of North Carolina, who was im- 

 peached for high crimes and misdemeanors in 

 office, tried, and convicted, in 1871. The res- 

 olution was not adopted. 



According to the school-census of 1874, the 

 aggregate number of children and youth be- 

 tween six and twenty-one years of age in the 

 State was 369,960, of whom 242,768 were 

 whites, 127,192 blacks ; of these there at- 

 tended school that year whites, 119,083; 

 blacks, about 55,000. The number of schools 

 in the same year was 2,350 white, 999 colored; 

 and the number of teachers, 2,108 white and 

 767 colored. In some of the colored schools 

 instruction was given by white teachers. At 

 Raleigh there is a colored academy of very 

 good repute, and in successful operation. It 

 is partly supported by contributions from citi- 

 zens of other States. 



With a view to restore the University of 

 North Carolina to its former condition, from 

 which it had been apparently declining, a bill 

 was passed by the Legislature securing to it 

 an annual income of $7,500, representing the 

 interest of six per cent, on the $125,000 of 

 land-scrip donated before the late civil war, by 

 Congress, for the establishment of one or more 

 agricultural colleges in the State. This, to- 

 gether with the income derived from students, 

 and the contributions from the alumni and the 

 numerous friends of the institution, seems to 

 warrant the anticipation of the most satisfac- 

 tory results. A board of trustees was also 

 elected by the General Assembly to take care 

 of the interests of the university, and four 

 of their number have been appointed to take 

 charge of the funds raised by private contribu- 

 tions. From a report submitted by these in 

 November, 1875, it appears that the sums sub- 

 scribed up to that time amounted ia the aggre- 

 gate to more than $20,000. 



The State Hospital for the Insane having be- 

 come insufficient for the reception and treat- 



ment of all the unfortunate of that class in the 

 State, a bill was passed by the Legislature pro- 

 viding for the erection of another hospital at 

 Morganton, to be called " The Western." 



The North Carolina Institution for the Deaf 

 and Dumb and the Blind continues to be un- 

 der excellent management. In 1868 a depart- 

 ment for colored deaf-mutes and blind was 

 added to the institution. The whole number 

 of pupils in attendance in December, 1875, was 

 about two hundred, all supported by the State. 



The agricultural interest of North Carolina 

 seems to be in a satisfactory condition, espe- 

 cially with reference to the small farmers, who 

 are said never to have been so prosperous as 

 at present. A considerable number among 

 this class are negroes. 



Upon the occasion and by the effect of the 

 late civil war, the agricultural interest of the 

 State sustained a most heavy and seemingly 

 irreparable loss, in the almost total extinction 

 of the rice-production on the Cape Tear. The 

 vast tracts of its swamp-land which, in a long 

 succession of years, and at immense cost, had 

 been reclaimed, banked, and adapted to rice- 

 culture, are abandoned, and have resumed their 

 previous natural condition of impenetrable mo- 

 rass. The proper kind of laborers, also, who 

 had been for generations purposely trained 

 and rendered fit for the peculiarities of that 

 culture and region, are now no longer obtain- 

 able. Some idea of the extent of the loss sus- 

 tained by their industry may be formed from 

 the fact that the rice-production on the Cape 

 Fear before 1861 was annually about two hun- 

 dred thousand bushels; since the war it has 

 scarcely been ten thousand bushels, and it is 

 rather diminishing than increasing. 



NORTHWEST TERRITORIES. This vast 

 region comprises the greater part of the former 

 Hudson Bay Territory, and is chiefly valuable 

 for its furs. An act was passed this year by 

 the Dominion Parliament providing for its gov- 

 ernment, which is known as " The Northwest 

 Territories Act, 1875." The most important 

 provisions of this act are as follows : 



The Territories formerly known as "Rupert's 

 Land" and the Northwestern Territory (with the 

 exception of such portion thereof as forms the Prov- 

 ince of Manitoba) shall continue to be styled and 

 known as the Northwest Territories. 



For the Northwest Territories there shall be an 

 officer styled the Lieutenant-Governor, appointed 

 by the Governor-General in Council, by instrument 

 under the Great Seal of Canada, who shall hold office 

 during the pleasure of the Governor-General ; and 

 the Lieutenant-Governor shall administer the gov- 

 ernment under instructions from time to time given 

 him by Order in Council, or hy the Secretary of' 

 State of Canada, and by and with the advice and 

 consent of the Council of the Northwest Territories 

 shall have power to make local ordinances therein. 



The Governor-General with the advice of the 

 Queen's Privy Council for Canada, by warrant under 

 his privy seal, may constitute and appoint such and 

 so many persons from time to time, not exceeding in 

 the whole five persons, of which number the stipen- 

 diary magistrates hereinafter mentioned shall be 

 members ex vfficio, to be a Council to aid the Lieu- 

 tenant-Governor in the administration of the North- 



