570 



NOVA SCOTIA. 



members, elected by the qualified voters of the 

 counties for four years. Voting is by ballot, 

 and a small property qualification is required. 

 The Supreme Court, having law and equity ju- 

 risdiction throughout the Province, consists of 

 a Chief-Justice, a Judge in Equity, and five 

 Associates appointed by the Governor-General 

 in Council for life ; and there are a Court of 

 Error, consisting of the Lieutenant-Governor 

 and Council ; a court of divorce and matrimo- 

 nial causes, held by a Justice of the Supreme 

 Court ; a Vice-Admiralty Court, held by the 

 Chief-Justice ; a probate court for each county ; 

 and courts of justices of the peace. 



The provincial institutions are the Hospital 

 for the Insane, the Institution for the Deaf and 

 Dumb, and the Blind Asylum, all at Halifax. 

 The latest financial statement is as follows : 

 Balance in the provincial Treasury on January 

 1, 1873, $38,916.41 ; receipts during the year, 

 $672,551.97, including $481,106.30 subsidy 

 from the Dominion Government: total, $711,- 

 468.38. The expenditures amounted to $681,- 

 275.23; balance in Treasury on January 1, 

 1874, $30,193.15. 



Nova Scotia has a system of free public 

 schools, organized in 1864. The schools are 

 under the general supervision of the Provincial 

 Superintendent of Education, with inspectors 

 for the several counties, and are immediately 

 managed by boards of commissioners for the 

 counties, and of trustees for the different sec- 

 tions or districts. The number of schools in 

 operation during the summer term ending Oc- 

 tober 31, 1873, was 1,626; number of teach- 

 ers, 1,697(616 males and 1,081 females) ; num- 

 ber of pupils registered, 78,266 (39,195 males 

 and 39,071 females) ; average daily attendance, 

 43,929; number of different children at school 

 some portion of the year ending on the above 

 date, 93,759; number of school sections, 1,704, 

 of which 208 had no school any portion of the 

 year ; value of school property, $800,294.49 ; 

 number of pupils for whom accommodation is 

 provided, 85,754. Included in the above fig- 

 ures are 10 county academies, with 44 teach- 

 ers and 2,833 pupils enrolled during the year. 

 The provincial normal and model schools are 

 at Truro. The latest statistics of the colleges 

 are as follows : 



In Dalhousie University a medical depart- 

 ment was organized in 1868. 



There are about 400 miles of railroad in op- 

 eration or in progress in the Province. 



The most valuable mineral products are bitu- 

 minous coal, gold, and gypsum. The coal is 

 found chiefly in the northeast part of the pen- 

 insula and on Cape Breton, the three most pro- 

 ductive counties being Cape Breton (southeast 

 portion of the island), Pictou, and Cumberland. 

 Guysborough County produces more than half 

 the gold, Halifax and Hants Counties standing 

 next. There are between thirty and forty 

 mines in operation. Gypsum is quarried chiefly 

 in Hants County, but it occurs throughout the 

 northeastern portion of the peninsula and on 

 Cape Breton. Iron is mined to only a limited 

 extent in Annapolis, Colchester, and Pictou 

 Counties; but the supply of ore of superior 

 quality is abundant, not only in the three coun- 

 ties mentioned, but also in the counties of 

 Cumberland, Inverness, Victoria, and Cape 

 Breton. Galena and copper ore occur in various 

 localities. Limestone, freestone, granite, and 

 marble, suitable for building-purposes, and clay 

 for brick-making, are common. Grindstones are 

 manufactured from the sandstone strata, chiefly 

 in Cumberland County. The mineral product 

 of the Province in 1873 was valued at $3,084,- 

 667, viz.: Coal (1,051,467 tons), $2,699,347; 

 gold (11,852.4 ounces), $219,270; gypsum (120,- 

 693 tons), $120,693; other products, $45,357. 



The yield of the fisheries in 1874 was 



The religious statistics, according to the cen- 

 sus of 1871, are as follows : 



