754 



WADAY. 



WALDECK, JEAN F. DE. 



urer, R. M. T. Hunter; Superintendent of 

 Public Printing, R. F. Walker ; Superintendent 

 of the Penitentiary, George F. Strother ; Regis- 

 ter of the Land-Office, S. H. Boykin. 



On December 16th both Houses of the Leg- 

 islature assembled in joint convention to elect 

 a United States Senator for six years from 

 March 4, 1877, in place of John W. Johnston. 

 Mr. Johnston received 127 votes, Mr. Wickham, 

 Republican, 24 ; whereupon Mr. Johnston was 

 declared elected. 



On the 22d of December, 1875, at twenty 

 minutes before midnight, the city of Richmond 

 was visited by a violent earthquake. The 

 shock was felt in other parts of the State, but 

 more severely round about Richmond, and most 

 in the city itself. Its inhabitants, the largest 

 number of whom had then retired to rest, left 

 their houses in alarm, and a great proportion 

 of them remained out in the streets all night. 

 The shock continued from thirty to fifty sec- 

 conds, and was accompanied by a deep rum- 

 bling within the earth. It was stated that the 

 atmosphere on the 22d was in a peculiar con- 

 dition, the mercury in the thermometer, which 

 in the previous days had marked 18 above 



the freezing-point, having risen to 70 on the 

 22d. 



A noteworthy event of the year 1875, for 

 the State of Virginia, seems to have been the 

 erection of the statue of General Thomas J. 

 Jackson, surnamed "Stonewall Jackson," on 

 the Capitol Square at Richmond. The unveil- 

 ing took place on the 26th of October, with ap- 

 propriate and imposing ceremonies, performed 

 amid extraordinary pomp and solemnity, in the 

 presence of the civil authorities of the State, 

 all its military and civic organizations, and a 

 vast multitude of spectators. 



The monumental structure upon which the 

 statue rests is north of the Capitol building ; is 

 of James River granite ; and is composed of a 

 base course of three members, sub-plinth, 

 plinth, and cornice capital. 



The composition and appearance of the 

 statue are briefly described as follows : 



The statue is seven feet in height, and represents 

 the general standingj clothed in the uniform worn 

 by him at the time ot his death. His left hand is 

 resting on his sword, which is planted on a portion 

 of the broken fortification. His head is turned to 

 the.right side, the hand of which, holding a glove, 

 rests on the hip. 



W 



WADAY,* a state of Central Africa, was 

 explored for the first time by Dr. Nachtigal, a 

 German traveler, during the year 1873. Dr. 

 Nachtigal gives it an area of 64,000 English 

 square miles, and a population of about 2,500,- 

 000. Dr. Earth, in 1855, estimated the area 

 at 4,730 German square miles, and the popu- 

 lation at 5,000,000. Two Europeans had en- 

 tered Waday before Dr. Nachtigal Dr. Vogel 

 and Moritz von Beurmann, both of whom were 

 murdered by the natives, Vogel in 1856 and 

 Beurmann in 1863. Gerhard Rohlfs, during 

 his last journey to Borneo, attempted to enter 

 Waday, but was deterred by the great danger 

 attending such an enterprise. 



The area, as given above, is that of Waday 

 proper. The King, however, rules also over a 

 large number of tributary and vassal states. 

 These are the Khittri territory, and parts of 

 Kanem and Bahar-el-Gazal, in the west; a 

 part of Borku, and the countries of the Wan- 

 ya and the Bideyat, in the north ; and in the 

 south Runga and Kuti. Adding these coun- 

 tries to the kingdom, the area of the latter 

 is about doubled, while from 1,000,000 to 

 2,000,000 inhabitants are added to the popula- 

 tion. In an account given at a meeting of the 

 Berlin Geographical Society, Nachtigal de- 

 scribed the country as follows: "The king- 

 dom is divided into the following provinces 

 the northern province, Dar Turtalu ; the 

 southern province, Dar Turlulu; the eastern 

 province, Dar Toluk, containing only the tribes 



* For an account of Dr. NachtigaPs journey, see ANNUAL 

 CYCLOPEDIA for 1874, page 849. 



of Massalet-el-Hausch and Sungor ; the west- 

 ern province, Dar Luluk, containing all the 

 western tribes from Kooka to Baghirmi ; the 

 Dar Kodro, the mountainous districts in the 

 southwest ; the Dar-el-Bahor ; and the Dar 

 Dshungertang, in the south. The religion of 

 the people is Mohammedan, and their customs 

 resemble those of most uncivilized Mohamme- 

 dan countries. The King is looked upon as a 

 sort of divinity ; his mother must be of the dom- 

 inant race ; he must be without any physical 

 or mental defect, always eat alone, and never 

 drink beer. His word is sacred, and he must 

 never break it, even if the most disastrous con- 

 sequences were to ensue from his not doing so." 

 WALDECK, JEAN FKEDEKIO DE, a French 

 traveler and artist, born March 16, 1766 ; died 

 May 2, 1875, having attained the extreme old 

 age of 109 years. In 1793 he was present at 

 the siege of Toulon, in 1794 joined the army in 

 Italy as a volunteer, and in 1798 followed the 

 expedition into Egypt, but as an observer, not 

 as a soldier. After the failure of Napoleon's 

 Egyptian plans, De Waldeck determined to 

 travel in Africa, and accordingly set out on an 

 expedition having for its object the traversing 

 Egypt from north to south. He left Assouan 

 with four companions, but fatigue and sickness 

 attacked the adventurers, four of them died, 

 and De Waldeck, left alone, was only able to 

 reach the Portuguese settlements on the coast 

 after four months of danger and privations. 

 After having revisited France, he reembarked 

 for the Mauritius, then made a turn in the In- 

 dian Ocean. In 1819 he visited Chili, and later 



