16 



ANNAPOLIS. 



ANTHRACITE. 



memory of man runneth not to the contrary" 

 was now silenced, the bugle's signal and 

 drum's tattoo having taken their time-honored 

 place. 



Among the appointments made after the mili- 

 tary occupation of Alexandria, was that of Pro- 

 vost Judge Freese. In the exercise of his duties 

 it was decided by him that Southern merchants 

 within the Union lines should pay their debts to 

 Northern merchants. The decision was received 

 with much favor in commercial cities at the 

 North, and the business of the Court in which 

 the Judge presided, was rapidly increasing. 

 But this involved a point within the sphere 

 of the civil Government, rather than within 

 the jurisdiction of a Provost-Judge, and in- 

 structions were given by the military authori- 

 ties to their Judge to confine himself to the 

 limits of his military jurisdiction. 



ANNAPOLIS, the capital of Maryland, is sit- 

 uated on the right bank of the Severn Eiver, two 

 miles above its entrance into Chesapeake Bay. 

 It is twenty-five miles south by east of Baltimore, 

 and thirty-seven miles east by north of Washing- 

 ton. The Annapolis and Elkridge Branch Rail- 

 road connects it with the Baltimore and Wash- 

 ington Railroad, at a spot called the Junction. 

 The United States Naval Academy was estab- 

 lished here in 1845. After the attack at Balti- 

 more on the Massachusetts Sixth Regiment, on 

 the 19th of April, the troops then on their way 

 to Washington were brought from Perry ville by 

 water, to Annapolis, and thence by railroad to 

 the Junction, thus passing around Baltimore. 

 W. hen the order was sent from Baltimore, amid 

 the exciting scenes of the 19th, to stop the prog- 

 ress of more troops towards that city, General 

 Benjamin F. Butler, with a Massachusetts regi- 

 ment numbering eight hundred men, then on 

 his way to Washington, stopped at Havre-de- 

 Grace, and taking the steam ferry-boat Mary- 

 land, reached Annapolis on the morning of the 

 21st. Governor Hicks sent a protest against 

 the landing of the troops at Annapolis. To this 

 General Butler replied that he would land at 

 the Naval Academy, over which the Federal 

 Government had exclusive jurisdiction. At the 

 same time, the New York Seventh Regiment 

 arrived by another boat from Perryville. There 

 was now no communication by railroad with 

 Washington. Some part of the track between 

 Annapolis and the Junction had been torn up 

 by disaffected inhabitants along the line. The 

 Seventh Regiment proceeded on foot to the 

 Junction, and thence by railroad to Washington. 

 General Butler, with a force from his regiment, 

 took possession of the frigate Constitution, 



attached to the Naval School, and removed 

 her beyond the danger of seizure by those 

 sympathizing with the Confederate Govern- 

 ment. 



A consultation of officers was held at the 

 Naval School on the 23d, and it was determined 

 that the passage of troops through Maryland to 

 the city of Washington should be conducted in 

 such a manner as to give no cause of offence to 

 the people of the State, and that nothing should 

 be taken without prompt pay. Should the peo- 

 ple, however, destroy the bridges, make a hostile 

 attack, or offer any interruption to the troops, 

 it should immediately be resented, and with 

 proper severity. 



The officers of the Seventh Regiment of New 

 York conversed freely with the citizens of An- 

 napolis and some from Baltimore, in relation to 

 what they deemed the unexpected and inex- 

 plicable course of Maryland. They anticipated 

 no hostile reception in Maryland, where each man 

 claimed to have many intimate personal friends. 

 " If, in the performance of duty," they added, 

 " we shall be compelled to meet our old friends 

 of the Baltimore City Guard and the Richmond 

 Grays in hostile array, we shall return their 

 first fire by presenting arms ; but on the sec- 

 ond fire we shall be compelled to defend 

 ourselves." 



On the 23d there were over 2,600 troops in 

 the city, and on the same day 8,000 more 

 arrived from New York and Pennsylvania. A 

 detachment of the Massachusetts Volunteers, 

 on the same day, took possession of the railroad 

 leading from Annapolis to Washington and Bal- 

 timore. No resistance was offered ; as soon as 

 the demand was made, the gates were thrown 

 open to them ; and, after placing fifty men on 

 guard, the remainder began to repair the engines 

 and cars which had been disarranged by the 

 company in order to prevent the troops from 

 using them. In a few hours this object was 

 accomplished, and a train run out by an engi- 

 neer hi one of the volunteer companies. Fifty 

 men were detached to proceed in advance and 

 examine the track, which resulted in finding 

 that at various places it had been taken up. 

 The damages were entirely repaired, the track 

 put in working order, and the forwarding of 

 troops and provisions commenced. 



After these events the city relapsed into her 

 former quiet condition. 



ANTHRACITE. The progress of this trade 

 and the production of the different coal dis- 

 tricts are exhibited in the following table. For 

 its history and production previous to 1857, see 

 NEW AMERICAN CYCLOPEDIA. 



* Includes amount sold oa the line of the SchuylkilL 



