94 



CANADA. 



in Lower and Upper Canada present the follow- 

 ing results: Church of England, 374,987; Church 

 of Rome, 1,200,865 ; Established Church of 

 Scotland, 132,649; Free Church do., 157,813; 

 Presbyterian, 56,527; Wesleyan Methodist,244,- 

 246; Episcopal Methodist, 74,152; New Con- 

 nection do., 29,492 ; other Methodists, 24,209 ; 

 Baptists, 9,310, &c. 



The trade with the United States has been 

 largely increased, mainly through the influence 

 of the Reciprocity Treaty of 1854. The imports 

 from the United States, which in 1851 were 

 $8,365,765, had risen in 1856 to $22,704,509, 

 and notwithstanding the disastrous financial re- 

 verses of 1857-60, and the war in 1861, amount- 

 ed in the latter year to $21,069,388. The ex- 

 ports of 1851 were $4,071,544, in 1856 they had 

 increased to $17,979,752 ; in 1860 they were- 

 $18,427,908, and amid all the disturbing influ- 

 ences of last year, $14,386,427. The movement 

 of goods outward and inward on the St. Law- 

 rence, a traffic which has been greatly increas- 

 ed by the abolition of tolls and transit duties 

 on that river in 1859, shows an even more 

 rapid augmentation. In 1859 the exports, via 

 that river were $8,821,662, while in 1861 they 

 were $22,524,733. The imports by way of the 

 St. Lawrence in 1859 were $11,549,068, and in 

 1861 they had risen to $17,249,055. The in- 

 ward tonnage of 1859 was 641,662 tons, and 

 that of 1861, 1,087,128 ; the outward tonnage 

 in 1859, 640,471 tons, and in 1861, 1,059,- 

 667. Of the exports of 1861 no less than 

 $3,505,511 were grain, &c., exported from the 

 Western United States to Europe by that route. 



The postal revenue has increased in ten years 

 from $230,000 to $658,000, or 213 per cent., and 

 the number of letters mailed from 2,000,000 to 

 9,000,000. 



Several of the leading Canadian journals 

 manifested bitter hostility toward the Govern- 

 ment of the United States at the outbreak of 

 the war, and sought to inflame the feelings of 

 the people against that government ; but they 

 became convinced after a time that they were 

 not representing the sentiments of the Canadian 

 people, and for the most part desisted from 

 their efforts. 



At the time of the excitement in regard to the 

 seizure of Messrs. Mason and Slidell, a zealous 

 attempt was made to revive this hostile feeling, 

 and under the pretence that the United States 

 Government designed the invasion and conquest 

 of Canada, a force of several thousand troops 

 from England was sent to Canada to aid in its 

 protection, and a call was made for volunteer 

 troops, of which it was alleged 300,000 could 

 be raised and enrolled in the province to repel 

 invasion. Public meetings were held, and ear- 

 nest appeals made for volunteers. The result 

 was that 248 corps were returned, viz., 34 

 corps of cavalry, 27 of artillery, 182 of infantry, 

 and 5 of engineers. Had these all been full, the 

 number of officers would have been 829, and of 

 men 13,390 ; but 62 corps made no report of 

 their numbers, and others reported more than 



were actually enrolled ; so that Mr. Gait, th 

 Canadian Minister 'of Finance, estimates that 

 the whole number who actually volunteered 

 did not exceed 10,000. The excitement soon 

 passed away, and those who were enrolled, 

 were not called into service. 



Strenuous efforts were made the past year 

 to encourage the sale and settlement of new 

 lands. Roads were opened at government ex- 

 pense into unsettled districts. The sale of lands 

 from these efforts during the ytar amounted to 

 174,588 acres, for the gross sum of $108,626. 



An effort was also made, and has been con- 

 tinued during the present year, to effect an 

 amalgamation of all the railroad lines of the 

 province into one company, whose bonds, or 

 their interest, should be guaranteed by the 

 British Government, but thus far the attempt 

 has not been successful. 



Railways have made immense progress during 

 the past ten years. The following table ex- 

 hibits their length and cost at the close of the 

 year 1861 : 



* Under this deduction are includod t-hat part of the 

 Grand Trunk in Vermont, 13 miles, and the Detroit Dis- 

 trict of the same in Michigan, 59 miles. 



