108 



COMMERCE OF THE UNITED STATES. 



The trade of these two ports of Lake Mich- 

 igan, as outlets for the great northern valley of 

 the Mississippi, is indicative of the immense 

 capacity of those regions. Toledo, at the head 



of Lake Erie, receives the produce of Southern 

 Michigan, Northwestern Ohio, and a large por- 

 tion of Indiana, and pours it upon the bosom 

 of the lake in increasing abundance. 



Receipts of Flour and Grain at Toledo, with the sources of supply, for the year ending December Blst, 1861. 



These figures give an aggregate of 18,706-, 

 510 bushels of grain of all kinds received at 

 Toledo. Of this much the largest portion was 

 shipped by lake eastward. The transportation 



of these increased quantities of grain thrown upon 

 the lakes, exceeded the capacity of the vessels 

 and canal boats, and caused a great advance in 

 freights, which were as follows from Chicago : 



The tonnage employed upon the lakes was as 

 follows in 1861 : 



American. 



Cattle, No 



Hogs, " 



Sheep, " 



Wool, bales 



Pork, barrels 



Beef; , " 



Whiskey, barrels . 

 Eggs, " 

 Fish, " 

 Coal, tons 



Canadian. 



26.921 



30,325 



29,173 



28,423 



.' 45,048 



49,780 



104,829 



13,509 



6,365 



86,754 



These products, with those that arrived at 

 Oswego, and those which came from Lake 

 Champlain, found their way by these canals and 

 the New York Central Kailroad to tide water, 

 and thence to New York, meeting there the quan- 

 tities which came from Dunkirk over the Erie 

 Railroad. The flour and grain brought down 

 on the New York Central Railroad to tide 

 water in the last year, were as follows : 



The proportion of the Western produce re- 

 ceived at Buffalo by water was as follows : 



Flour, bbls 1,909.557 



Wheat, bushels 26,585.723 



Corn, " 20,872,860 



Gate, " 1,703,188 



Barley, " 276,601 



Eye, " 829.942 



Lumber, feet 49,075,393 



Staves, No. >,707,120 



The quantities and values left, at tide water 

 on the State canals for the year ending with 

 the close of navigation in 1861, were as 

 follows : (See p. 109.) 



The quantities of these articles coming from 

 the Western States to Buffalo, as compared 



