COMMERCE OF THE UNITED STATES. 



Ill 



In inspecting these aggregates the most re- 

 markable feature is the reversal of the trade in 

 specie. Instead of a large excess in the exports 

 of the precious metals, there was a large excess 

 in imports for the year ; a quantity exceeding 

 the supplies from California was received from 

 abroad. In the same manner the sum of the 

 domestic exports has greatly swollen, while 

 the importation of dutiable goods largely de- 

 clined. These two circumstances, as a matter 



of course, involved the change in the current 

 of specie, since there were more bills drawn 

 against produce, and less demand for them to 

 pay for imported goods. Hence the decline in 

 the price of bills to a point which checked the 

 export of California gold, and admitted of a 

 profitable import of foreign coin. The leading 

 articles that made up the sum of domestic ex- 

 ports were as follows, as compared with former 

 years : 



ARTICLES. 



1858. 



1859. 



1860. 



1861. 



Ashes, pots, bbls., 



" pearls, " 



Beeswax, Ibs. 



Breadstuff's : 



Wheat flour, bbls., 



Corn meal, " 



"Wheat, bush., 



Rye, " 



Corn, " 



Candles, mould, boxes, 



do. sperm, " 



Coal, tons, 



Cotton, bales, 



Hay, " 



Hops, " 



Naval Stores : 



Crude turpentine, .bbls., 

 Spirits, " " 



Rosin, " 



Tar, " 



Pitch, " 



Oils: 



Whale, galls., 



Sperm, " 



Lard, " 



Linseed, " 



Provisions : 



Pork, bbls., 



Beef, " 



do tierces, 



Cut meats, Ibs., 



Butter, " 



Cheese, " 



Lard, " 



Rice, tierces, 



do bbls., 



Tallow, Ibs., 



Tobacco, crude, pkgs., 



do. manufactured, Ibs., 



"Whalebone, " 



12,029 



1,764 



227,546 



1,381,039 



66.469 



3,286,461 



12.487 



1,647,706 



56,937 



9,599 



32,023 



144.957 



32,104 



3,055 



88,814 



58,627 



425,883 



11,799 



4,907 



354,295 



1,015,682 



30,331 



39,428 



78,271 

 76,646 



15,944,243 



1,808,157 



6,589,100 



12,684,160 



41,651 



1,563,292 



66,239 



4,479,360 



1,084,337 



16,846 



2,626 



286,691 



938,516 



77,810 



297,587 



18 6*, 646 

 50,282 

 14,887 

 65,555 



200,261 



25,206 



343 



79,073 



65,247 



554,529 



22,488 



4,718 



303,873 



1,639,720 



37,725 



29,735 



130,471 



122,802 



6,692,589 



2,494,650 



9,287,408 



11,015,412 



11,888 



3,405,395 



72,918 



6,148,281 



1,658,913 



14,723 



3,650 



278,916 



1,926,202 



89,574 



13,538,039 



450 



3,726,786 

 60,584 

 18,786 

 33,959 

 216,880 

 20,977 

 32,641 



53,356 



70,222 



499,188 



23,676 



6,008 



303,413 



1,034,354 



57,248 



35,492 



91,650 



40,003 



55,328 



19,447,163 



10,987,495 



23.252,712 



18,866,178 



25,695 



28,838 



14,895,969 



93,031 



6,561,160 



755,698 



13,608 



3,507 



238,553 



3,092,04S> 



108,385 



28,757,615 



1,000,405 



12,352,024 



75,454 



17,861 



36,536 



152.562 



15,776 



28,377 



21,571 



18,825 



208,061 



26,646 



3,080 



1,196,468 



1,030,32^ 



110,401 



35,626 



116,654 



29,013 



33,924 



50,565,732 



23,159,391 



40,041,225 



47,290,409 



15,867 



15,527 



25,820,335 



116,598 



3,152,484 



975,075 



VESSELS ENTERED NEW YOEK FROM FOREIGN PORTS rs THE YEAR 1S61. 



CLEARED. 



YEARS. 



American vessels. 

 Foreign vessels... 



Xo. of 

 Veswls. 



3.034 



1 : 943 



4,97T 

 4,346 

 3,905 

 3,421 

 3,v>l 

 3,861 

 3,391 

 4,047 

 4,079 

 3,847 



Tonnage. 



865,446* 



2.453.7' 4J 

 2.164.601J 



2,070,8804 



1,562,257* 

 1,919.317* 



1.700.933 



No. of 

 Vessels. 



44,774 

 33,490 



2.612 

 1,996 



78,264 

 72.510 

 64,522 

 56.645 

 65.758 

 62,200 

 49,326 

 67.075 

 90.993 



4.603 

 3.S12 

 3i253 

 2,851 

 2.947 

 3.364 

 3,025 

 3,273 

 3.469 

 8^35 



Tonnage. 



1.40r>.0]0 

 893,756} 



1.9TO,W7i 



1. 5=4.1 -H 

 1,880,2951 

 1,622,707* 

 1,709,788* 



i;426.201* 

 1,528,104J 



1:521.2-6* 

 1,355.514 



41,481 

 33,444 



74,925 

 66,750 

 56.537 

 48,788 

 53.097 

 67,391 

 47.970 

 53,250 

 M.-iO 

 50,459 



