CONGRESS, CONFEDERATE. 



159 



lowing discrimination in giving his assent to 

 appropriation bills : 



The President may approve any appropriation and 

 disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill. 

 In such case he shall, in signing the bill, designate 

 the appropriations disapproved, and shall return a 

 copy of such appropriations with his objections to the 

 House in which the bill shall have originated, and the 

 same proceeding shall then be had as m case of other 

 bills disapproved by the President. 



The following prohibition of the " protective 

 policy " is engrafted in the Constitution in enu- 

 merating the powers of Congress : 



Xo bounties shall be granted from the Treasury, 

 nor shall any duties or taxes on importations from 

 foreign nations be laid to promote or foster any branch 

 of industry. 



Internal improvements by the Confederate 

 Government are also prohibited : 



Congress shall have power to regulate commerce 

 with foreism nations and among the several States, 

 and with the Indian tribe* ; but neither this nor any 

 other clause contained in the Constitution shall ever 

 be construed to delegate the power to Congress to ap- 

 propriate money for any internal improvement in- 

 tended to facilitate commerce ; except for the purpose 

 of furnishing lights, beacons, and buoys, and other 

 aids to navigation upon the coasts, and the improve- 

 ment of harbors and the removing of obstructions in 

 river navigation, in all of which cases such duties shall 

 be laid on the navigation facilitated thereby as may be 

 necessary to pay the costs and expenses thereof. 



The Post-Office Department must pay its ex- 

 penses from its own resources " after the first 

 day of March, 1863." 



In relation to the slave trade, the following 

 provision is made : 



The importation of negroes of the African race 

 from any foreign country, other than the slaveholding 

 States or Territories of the United States of America, 

 is hereby forbidden ; and Congress is required to 

 pass such laws as shall effectually prevent the same. 

 Congress shall also have power to prohibit the intro- 

 duction of slaves from any State not a member of or 

 Territory not belonging to" this Confederacy. 



The imposition of export duties is restricted 

 by the following provision : 



Xo tax or duty shall be laid on articles exported 

 from any State, except by a vote of two-thirds of both 

 Houses. 



The appropriation of money for other ob- 

 jects than those indicated and estimated for by 

 the several Executive Departments is thus re- 

 strained : 



Congress shall appropriate no money from the 

 Treasury except by a vote of two-thir'ds of both 

 Houses,' taken by yeas and nays, unless it be asked 

 and estimated for b"y some one of the Heads of Depart- 

 ment, and submitted to Congress by the President, or 

 for the purpose of paying its own" expenses and con- 

 tingencies, or for the payment of claims against the 

 Confederate States, the justice of which shall have 

 been judicially declared by a tribunal for the investi- 

 gation of claims against the Government, which it is 

 hereby made the duty of Congress to establish. 



All bills appropriating money shall specify in Fed- 

 eral currency the exact amount of each appropria- 

 tion, and the purposes for which it is made; and 

 Congress shall grant no extra compensation to any 

 public contractor, officer, agent, or servant, after such 

 contract shall hare been made or such service ren- 

 dered. 



Akin to these regulations is the following 

 provision : 



Every law or resolution having the force of law 

 shall relate to but one subject, and that shall be ex- 

 pressed in the title. 



Tonnage duties when levied by the several 

 States are thus regulated : 



Xo State shall, without the consent of Congress, 

 lay any duty of tonnage, except on sea-going v. 

 for the improvement of its rivers and harbors navi- 

 gated by the said vessels; but such duties shall not 

 conflict with any treaties of the Confederate States 

 with foreigu nations ; and any surplus of revenue thus 

 derived, shall, after making such improvement, be 

 paid into the common treasury ; nor shall any State 

 keep troops or ships of war in time of peace, enter 

 into any agreement or compact with another State, or 

 with a foreign Power, or engage in war, unless actu- 

 ally invaded, or in such imminent danger as will not 

 admit of delay. But when any river divides or flows 

 through two or more States, they may enter into 

 compacts with each other to improve the navigation 

 thereof. 



The President and Vice-President of the 

 Confederate States hold office for the term of 

 six years, the President not being re-eligible. 

 The qualifications of eligibility are as follows : 



Xo person except a natural born citizen of the 

 Confederate States, or a citizen thereof at the time of 

 the adoption of this Constitution, or a citizen thereof 

 born in the United States prior to the 20th of Decem- 

 ber, 1860, shall be eligible to the office cf President ; 

 neither shall any person be eligible to that office who 

 shall not have attained the age of thirty-five years, and 

 been fourteen years a resident within the limits of the 

 Confederate States, as they may exist at the time of his 

 election. 



Appointments and removals are regulated as 

 follows : 



The principal officer in each of the Executive De- 

 partments, and all persons connected with the di- 

 plomatic service, may be removed from office at the 

 pleasure of the President. All other civil officers of 

 the Executive Department may be removed at any 

 time by the President, or other appointing power, 

 when their services are unnecessary, or for dishon- 

 esty, incapacity, inefficiency, misconduct, or neglect 

 of duty; and when so removed, the removal shall be 

 reported to the Senate, together with the reasons 

 therefor. 



The President shall have power to fill all vacan- 

 cies that may happen during the recess of the Senate, 

 by granting commissions which shall expire at the 

 end of their next session ; but no person rejected by 

 the Senate shall be reappointed to the same office 

 during their ensuing recess. 



The following provisions are made in refer- 

 ence to the rights of transit and sojourn with 

 slave property, recovery of fugitive slaves, &c. 



The citizens of each State shall be entitled to all 

 the privileges and immunities of citizens in the several 

 States, ana shall have the right of transit and sojourn 

 in any State of this Confederacy, with their slaves and 

 other property ; and the right of property in said 

 slaves shall not be thereby impaired. 



A person charged in any State with treason, felo- 

 ny, or other crime against the laws of such State^ who 

 shall flee from justice, and be found in another State, 

 shall, on demand of the Executive authority of the 

 State from which he fled, be delivered up to be re- 

 moved to the State having jurisdiction of the crime. 



Xo slave or other person held to service or labor 

 in any State or Territory of the Confederate States, 

 under the laws thereof, escaping or lawfully carried 

 into another, shall, in consequence of any law or regu- 



