GARLAND. 



GAULEY BRIDGE. 



331 





first time I have ever heard that the women and chil- 

 dren and unarmed citizens of an American town were 

 under the protection of foreign Consuls. 



Tours, etc., etc., JAMKS ALDEN. 



Later in the year apprehensions were enter- 

 tained by the inhabitants that an attack would 

 be made upon the city. On the 20th of Novem- 

 ber a consultation of the citizens was held, at 

 which it was concluded that it was impossible 

 to defend the town. The largest guns at the 

 fortifications on the island were thirty-two 

 pounders, smooth bores, having a range not ex- 

 ceeding two miles, while the Federal guns were 

 of the largest calibre, shooting with accuracy 

 three or four miles. To await an attack was 

 simply to invite the surrender or the destruc- 

 tion of the troops and the city, without the 

 power of inflicting injury upon the assailants. 

 Under these circumstances it was concluded to 

 evacuate the city, and occupy a position in the 

 rear, so as to repel any advance of the Federal 

 troops after they might land. Consequently, 

 an order was issued for the removal of all hos- 

 pital stores to Houston, which was immediate- 

 ly done. All the public and private property 

 of a movable kind was sent to the same place. 

 In order to prevent surprise, and to repel any 

 attack that might be made, measures were 

 adopted to watch the first approach of an 

 enemy, and send the news to the interior, so 

 that a force might be rapidly concentrated. 

 Videttes were stationed over the island, a line 

 of telegraph made to convey the earliest in- 

 formation, and troops were stationed at various 

 points to await orders and to be rapidly trans- 

 ported by railroad, to any point where they 

 might be needed. No farther attack, however, 

 was made during the year. 



GARLAND, JOHN, an officer of the Ameri- 

 can army, born in Virginia in 1792, died in 

 New York City, June 5, 1861. He was made 

 first lieutenant in the Thirty-fifth Regiment 

 infantry in March, 1813, and retained in the 

 service after the war in the Third Infantry ; 

 promoted to a captaincy in 1817, brevet major 

 in 1827, major in 1836, lieutenant-colonel in 

 1839, distinguished himself in six battles in the 

 Mexican war, and was severely wounded in the 

 taking of the city of Mexico ; received the bre- 

 vet rank of brigadier-general for his gallant and 

 meritorious services in 1848, and was promoted 

 to the rank of colonel in 1849. 



GARNETT, ROBERT SELDEX, an officer of 

 the Confederate army, born in Virginia about 

 1821, and killed in the battle of Carrick's 

 Ford, July 15, 1861. He entered West Point in 

 1837, and graduated 27th in his class in 1841, 

 was appointed brevet second-lieutenant of artil- 

 lery on his graduation, and from July 1843 to 

 Oct. 1844, was assistant-instructor of infantry 

 tactics at the military academy ; was aide- 

 de-camp to Gen. Wool in 1845, distinguished 

 himself in the battles of Palo Alto and Resaca 

 de la Palma, was promoted to a first -lieutenancy 

 in 1846, was aide-de-camp to Gen. Taylor 

 through the Mexican war and until 1849, was 



brevetted captain and major for gallant and 

 meritorious conduct at Monterey and Buena 

 Vista ; transferred to the infantry in 1848, and 

 promoted to a captaincy in 1851. From 1852 

 to 1854, he was commandant of the corps of 

 cadets, and instructor in infantry tactics at West 

 Point ; appointed captain of the First Regiment 

 cavalry in 1855, and major of Ninth Infantry 

 in the same month ; was the commander in the 

 operations against the Indians on Puget's Sound, 

 Washington Territory, in 1856, and commanded 

 the Yakima expedition iu 1858. At the break- 

 ing out of the present war he took the side of 

 the Confederates, was promoted to a brigadier- 

 generalship, and assigned to the department 

 of Western Virginia. Here, in July, Gen. Mc- 

 Clellan attacked him, and after several days of 

 alternate fighting and retreating, at the deci- 

 sive action of Carrick's Ford, Gen. Garnett was 

 killed and his forces routed. His body was 

 carefully cared for by the Federal commander, 

 and after being embalmed, was forwarded to 

 his friends, 



GAULEY BRIDGE is the name of the cap- 

 ital of Fayette County, Virginia. The Gauley 

 and New rivers unite at this point and form 

 the Great Kanawha. This town is at the head 

 of navigation on the river, 300 miles west of 

 Richmond and 36 miles above Charleston. The 

 valley of Gauley River is about 60 miles long. 

 Mountain cones rise as sentinels everywhere 

 along the romantic vale. 



After leaving Charleston, the character of 

 the country undergoes a considerable change, 

 the valley becoming narrower and the hills 

 growing loftier and more precipitous till here, 

 where the Gauley and New rivers unite in 

 forming the Great Kanawha, rugged mountain 

 spurs, rocky cliffs, and pyramidal-shaped eleva- 

 tions of wondrous symmetry characterize the 

 scene. Two miles below are the celebrated 

 falls of the Kanawha, whose roar can be heard 

 for miles. The river here is more than half a 

 mile in width, and plunges over a succession 

 of rocky precipices, extending across it in an 

 oblique direction, vainly attempting to obstruct 

 its passage. Were the leaps united in one, the 

 fall would be about twenty feet, and, of course, 

 much more imposing. 



On the 30th of July, the brigade of Gen. Cox 

 reached this point from Charleston, having 

 been three days on the ronte. The march had 

 been marked by innumerable evidences of a 

 precipitate retreat of Gen. Wise and his men, 

 who effected their escape from the region he- 

 fore their retreat could be cut off. At one 

 point about fifty tents, a medicine chest, and 

 sundry other articles which had been thrown 

 aside by the retreating force were taken, as also 

 the entire official correspondence of the seces- 

 sionists in the Kanawha Valley, a number of 

 company muster rolls, and many private letters. 

 About twelve hundred flint-lock muskets, ahun- 

 dred kegs of powder, cartridge boxes, camp- 

 kettles, and many other articles were also 

 found. The bridge over the river had been 



