420 



LITERATURE AND LITERARY PROGRESS OF 1861. 



circumstances, that I would not feel myself 

 constrained to withhold from my own neigh- 

 bors ; and I hope, in a word, that, when we 

 shall become better acquainted, and I say it 

 with great confidence, we shall like each other 

 the more. I thank you for the kindness of this 

 reception." 



Again, on the next evening, a serenade was 

 given to him by the members of the Republican 

 Association, accompanied by the marine band. 

 Upon this occasion Mr. Lincoln addressed a few 

 words to the multitude, as follows : 



" My friends : I suppose that I may take this 

 as a compliment paid to me, and as such please 

 accept my thanks for it. I have reached this city 

 of Washington under circumstances consider- 

 ably differing from those under which any other 

 man has ever reached it. I am here for the 

 purpose of taking an official position amongst 

 the people, almost all of whom were politically 

 opposed to me, and are yet opposed to me, as I 

 suppose. 



" I propose no lengthy address to you. I 

 only propose to say, as I did on yesterday, 

 when your worthy Mayor and Board of Alder- 

 men called upon me, that I thought much of 

 the ill-feeling that has existed between you and 

 the people of your surroundings and that peo- 

 ple from amongst whom I came, has depended, 

 and now depends, upon a misunderstanding. 



" I hope that, if things shall go along as pros- 

 perously as I believe we all desire they may, I 

 may have it in my power to remove something 

 of this misunderstanding ; that I may be ena- 

 bled to convince you, and the people of your 

 section of the country, that we regard you as 

 in all things our equals, and in all things enti- 

 tled to the same respect and the same treat- 

 ment that we claim for ourselves ; that we are 

 in no wise disposed, if it were in our power, to 

 oppress you, to deprive you of any of your 

 rights under the Constitution of the United 

 States, or even narrowly to split hairs with 

 you in regard to those rights, but are de- 

 termined to give you, as far as lies in our 

 hands, all your rights under the Constitution 

 not grudgingly, but fully and fairly. (Applause.) 

 I hope that, by thus dealing with you, we 

 will become better acquainted, and be better 

 friends. 



" And now, my friends, with these few re- 

 marks, and again returning my thanks for this 

 compliment, and expressing my desire to hear 

 a little more of your good music, I bid you 

 good night." 



The inauguration took place on the 4th of 

 March, and Mr. Lincoln became President of 

 the United States amid a greater display of 

 military force than had ever before been wit- 

 nessed on such an occasion. (See WASHING- 

 TON.) 



LITERATURE AND LITERARY PROG- 

 RESS OF 1861. I. IN THE UNITED STATES. 

 The public attention was so strongly attracted 

 from almost the begnining of the year by the 

 progress of events which speedily culminated 



in secession and open war, that there was 

 very little demand for any works except those 

 treating upon the questions then agitating the 

 public mind. Essays, orations, sermons, and 

 addresses on the right, causes, and consequences 

 of secession, and on the subject of slavery in its 

 relation to the secession movement, were nu- 

 merous, and in great demand. The daily and 

 weekly newspapers, especially the illustrated pa- 

 pers, also felt the influence of the popular excite- 

 ment, and their circulation greatly increased. 

 When hostilities actually began, there was a 

 call at once for works on military science, and 

 immense numbers of manuals of infantry, cav- 

 alry, and artillery tactics, military dictionaries, 

 works on ordnance, gunnery, fortification, 

 &c., &c., were sold, and a great variety of 

 cheap manuals for the use of soldiers prepared. 

 The reading public not directly connected with 

 the army, also demanded sketches of prominent 

 persons, places, and events connected with the 

 war, beyond the ability of the daily and week- 

 ly press, active as that press was, to supply ; 

 and this demand was satisfied by the issue of 

 an infinitude of handbooks, charts, maps, &c. 

 The whole number of books, pamphlets, &c., 

 having direct reference to the war, published 

 during the year, exceeded 450 ; of these about 

 250 were sermons, addresses, and orations ; 

 about 60 were works on military science and 

 art ; eight were serials, chronicling the events, 

 history, or biography of the war ; and the re- 

 mainder, essays, descriptions, charts, biogra- 

 phies, &c. Among the most noticeable of the 

 serials were " The Rebellion Record," edited 

 by Mr. Frank Moore ; " The Southern Rebel- 

 lion and the War for the Union," by Mr. Or- 

 ville J. Victor ; " Pictorial History of the War 

 of 1861," edited by Hon. E. G. Squier; "The 

 Fallen Brave," edited by Mr. J. Gilmary Shea; 

 and " Heroes and Martyrs, Notable Men of the 

 Time, &c.," edited by Mr. Frank Moore. " The 

 Illustrated News," "Frank Leslie's Illustrated 

 Newspaper," and "Harper's Weekly," among 

 the illustrated weekly papers, devoted the great- 

 er part of their space to pictorial and descriptive 

 representations of the battles and other inci- 

 dents of the war. The scientific works called 

 out by the war were, many of them, of high 

 merit. Among them were a " Military Dic- 

 tionary," by Col. H. L. Scott, Inspector-Gen- 

 eral of the United States army ; " A new Man- 

 ual of the Bayonet," and one of " Sword and 

 Sabre Exercise," by Capt. J. C. Kelton, U S. 

 A. ; " Notes on Sea Coast Defence," by Major 

 (now General) J. G. Barnard, United States 

 Engineers ; " Evolutions of Field Batteries of 

 Artillery," by Major (now General) Robert An- 

 derson ; " A Treatise on the Camp and March," 

 by Capt. Henry D. Grafton, U. S. A. ; " Rifles 

 and Rifle Practice," by Major (now General) 

 C. M. Wilcox ; " Manual of Bayonet Exer- 

 cises," by Major-General George B. McClellan ; 

 " The Ordnance Manual," prepared under di- 

 rection of the War Department ; " Instruction 

 in Field Artillery," prepared by a board of ar- 



