558 



OHIO. 



provide more effectually for the defence of the 

 State against invasion. The appropriation in 

 this act amounted to $2,000,000 ; to meet 

 which, the commissioners of the sinking fund 

 were empowered to borrow the amount. The 

 same act authorized the Governor to call out 

 nine regiments of infantry and eight of cavalry : 



The Constitution of the State, Sec. 1, Article VIII., 

 limits the power of the State to contract debts to cases 

 of " casual deficits or failures in revenue's, or to meet 

 expenses not otherwise provided for, but the aggre- 

 gate of such debts, direct and contingent, whether con- 

 tracted by one or more acts of the General Assembly, 

 or at different periods of time, shall never exceed seven 

 hundred and fifty thousand dollars." 



Section 2 of the same article provides that " In 

 addition to the above limited power, the State may 

 contract debts to repel invasion, suppress insurrec- 

 tion, defend the State in war, or to redeem the present 

 outstanding indebtedness of the State." The loan 

 authorized by the Act of April 18, 1861, is clearly 

 within the powers granted in the Constitution. That 

 authorized by the Act of April 26, is one of grarer 

 character, not only in the amount, but in the circum- 

 stances which would bring it within the powers con- 

 ferred in the Constitution upon the General Assembly, 

 and the Commissioners. 



This difficulty was overcome by the Gov- 

 ernor, who decided that " Ohio is 'in danger of 

 invasion," and therefore that the debt is legal. 

 The Constitution does not specify who shall 

 decide on the danger of invasion. 



The President, in his proclamation of April 

 15, had allowed the Confederates twenty days in 

 which to disperse. On the expiration of this 

 notice, the following general order was issued 

 at Columbus, the capital of Ohio. The order 

 explains clearly the manner of proceeding to 

 raise companies for a reserve force of 100,000 

 men, the number of companies to which each 

 county is entitled, and other matters pertaining 

 to the organization of this immense "Home 

 Army : " 



GENERAL HEAD-QUARTERS, ADJ'T-GENERAL'S OFFICE, ) 

 COUJMBUS, OHIO, May 6, 1861. j 



The twenty days' limit for the dispersion of rebels 

 now in arms against the United States has expired. 

 Whether the struggle for vindication of the imperilled 

 Union shall be brief or protracted, the result is cer- 

 tain. The destinies of all nations are interwoven with 

 that of America, and the issue is made up. Ohio will 

 meet the crisis firmly and fulfil her part. The more 

 decided her action, the sooner will peace succeed war, 

 and loyalty supplant treason. 



To give force and system to her action, the following 

 general order is promulgated : 



I. The militia is divided into the " active army of 

 operation " and the " militia of the reserve." The 

 nine regiments now encamped, (additional to the thir- 

 teen mustered into the United States service,) and 

 such further regiments as the General Assembly shall 

 authorize, will be mustered into the State service, 

 and placed under strict discipline, for immediate ser- 

 vice. 



II. The enrolled militia, between the ages of eigh- 

 teen and forty-five, exceeds 300,000 men, This force 

 is divided into the First, Second, and Third Reserve 

 Corps. 



The able-bodied force of other ages retired from ser- 

 vice, but fully competent to meet any demand that the 

 exigencies of the Union may require, exceeds 200,000 

 men, and will constitute the Fourth and Fifth Reserve 

 Corps. 



The First Reserve Corps will be organized forth- 



with, and be subject to immediate transfer into the 

 "active army of operation." Applications, However, 

 for the organization of militia of the reserve will not 

 be limited to this quota, but the companies composing 

 it will receive the post of honor and the first assign- 

 ment to active duty in case the country require their 

 service. * * 



VI. As a general rule, public arms will not be issued 

 to the militia of the reserve, but a proximate estimate 

 of the number of private rifles in the possession of men 

 expert in their use, shows that, with proper exercises, 

 nearly or quite the entire first contingent of 100,000 

 men can be armed, and disciplined in hours of leisure, 

 postponing their draft upon the State until they are 

 transferred to the active corps. * * * 



H. B. CARRINGTON, Adjutant-General. 



By order of the Commander-in-Chief. 



The people of Toledo, Dayton, and Zanes- 

 ville, Ohio, subscribed large sums of money for 

 the support of the volunteers and their fami- 

 lies ; at the latter place, large property holders 

 agreed to give houses rent free to families of 

 volunteers during their absence. 



In September, the Federal Government re- 

 funded to the State $900,000 of the amount of 

 $2,100,000 it had expended in forwarding 

 troops, which began speedily to move forward. 

 The First Ohio, McCook, 1,000 men, and the 

 Second Ohio, Wilson, 1,000 men, arrived in 

 Washington May 23d. 



The Ohio troops were organized under Geo. 

 B. McClellan, formerly a distinguished army 

 officer, but who was the General Superintend- 

 ent of the Ohio and Mississippi Eailroad. He 

 was made major-general of the State forces, 

 and up to June 1st, the following troops had 

 been mustered for three months : 1st Eegiment, 

 Colonel McCook ; 2d, Wilson ; 3d, Marrow ; 

 4th, Andrews ; 5th, Dunning ; 6th, Buckley ; 

 7th, Tyler ; 8th, De Puss ; 9th, McCook ; 10th, 

 Lytle; llth, Harrison ; 12th, Lowe; 13th, Platt; 

 14th, Steadman ; 15th, Andrews ; 16th, Irvine ; 

 17th, Connell; 18th, Stanley; 19th, Beatty ; 

 20th, Morton ; 21st, Norton ; 22d, Gilmore. 



The whole number of troops organized by 

 Ohio for the war was, to December 31st, 1861, 

 as follows : 



In camps in the State : 



Thirty-five regiments infantry 26,146 



Four regiments cavalry 4,485 



Seventeen batteries artillery 1,228 



Total 31,679 



Amount of Ohio force in three years' service, 

 December 31st, 1861 : 



Infantry 6T,546 



Cavalry 7,270 



Artillery 3,028 



Total 77,844 



To which add twenty-two full regiments for three 



months : 22,000 



Two companies of cavalry 180 



Two sections artillery 80 



One battery 120 



Grand total 100,224 



The expenses paid by Ohio were as follows : 

 COLUMBUS, OHIO, August 1, 1861. 



It is hereby certified that the costs, charges, and ex- 

 penses, properly incurred by the State of Ohio, for en- 

 rolling, subsisting, clothing, supplying, arming, equip- 

 ping, and transporting its troops employed in aiding to 



