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much more cheaply and easily wound, insulated, and assembled, 

 and if the jointless method is decided upon, the question arises 

 whether we shall adopt a radial half-turn loop (Fig. 312), an oblique 

 half-turn (Fig. 313), or a cross between these two (Fig. 314). The 

 radial half-turn loop requires that the copper should be bent over 

 a very small radius, as Fig. 312 : thus thickening up the copper at 



\ \ \ 



\ \ 



FIG. 312. Radial Half-turn Loop. 



FIG. 313. Oblique Loop. 



FIG. 314. Composite Loop. 



this point, and adding difficulties to the insulating methods ; and 

 the copper is apt to be weakened mechanically. The oblique half- 

 turn loop, on the other hand, possesses the advantage of being 

 more easily bent over a much larger radius, as Fig. 313, without 

 danger of cracking the copper during the bending process ; further, 

 it reduces the weight, therefore the length, of copper required, affords 

 better ventilation for the windings, and facilitates the insulating pro- 

 cess. But, still better, the cross between the radial half-turn and the 

 oblique half-turn (Fig. 314) gives greater space between the top 



