urmoiroBY. 



ASTRONOMY. 



m 



of KHrigJmg founded. OODHMMMMH! of the pul.li- 

 tioa of the Konfesbvg Observation*. Oommeooemiit of the 

 Z-iurhrift Mr AstoonoauV (an a*ttwx>mkal periodical, which tarmi- 

 tv.to.in ism 

 1815. Brinkfcy'. Table* ol lUfraetlon. B*s*eT* research* an Pre- 



1816. UndVaau's Pmtmlnarlna ol the Natation. Pobson'i Ke- 

 Muoha an th PlBMtwr Perturbation*. 



7. DcUmWs Tables of Jupiter'* Satellite*. Damotseau's re- 



1817. 



on Halley's coowt 



BesaeTs ' Fundament* Astronomisj.' POM discovers a comet 

 of abort period, now called by the name ol Encke. Commencement of 

 Ton Zach's ' Oorrespoodanee Artronomique ' (an astronomical periodi- 

 c*l. which terminate* in 1835). 



1880. Astronomical Society of London founded. An annular eclipse 

 of the sun observed in Holland. Beichenbaoh's meridian circle erected 

 at Komgsberg. Commeooement ol the publication oi the < Astro- 



v . I N 



1821. Observatory of the Cape of Good Hope founded. Bouvard's 

 Table* of Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus. The Greenwich Observatory 

 first introduced circle observation* by reflection. Poisson on the Pre- 

 cession of the Equinoxes. 



1888. Paramatta Observatory founded. Harding'* ' Atlas Oodestfa.' 

 Argdander's researches on the orbit of the great comet of 1811. 



1828. Beginning of the erection ol Cambridge Observatory. Ivory's 

 Researches on Refraction. Encke infers a resisting medium of very 

 little density, from observations of the comet known by his name. 

 Apparition of a comet with two tails, one extending in the direction 

 of the sun, and the other in the opposite direction. 



1884. Herschel, J., and South, Catalogue of Double Stars. Damoi- 

 smu's Lunar Tables. Encke determines the solar parallax from the 

 transits of Venus in 1761 and 1769. Dorpat refractor erected. 



1825. Commencement of ftrrlin Zone*. Second mural circle (Jones) 

 erected at Greenwich. Apparition of a conspicuous comet. 



1826. Basel's researches on the oscillations of a pendulum. Biela 

 discovers the comet of short period known by his name. 



1 827. Astronomical Society's Catalogue. Struve's Catalogue of 81 1 2 

 Double Stars. Commencement of the publication of the ' Monthly 

 Notices ' of the Royal Astronomical Society. 



1828. Professor Airy discovers a long inequality in the motions of 

 the Earth and Venus. Captain Rater's vertical collimator. 



1829. Pond's Catalogue of 720 Stars. Poisson on the Attraction of 

 Spheroids. Pontecoulant's researches on Halley's comet. 



1830. Sir J. Herschel's Measures of 1236 Double Stars. Publication 

 of the 'Tabula; Regiomontenn.' 



1831. J. Herschel ; micrometrical measures of 364 double stars. An 

 annular eclipse of the sun observed in America. Fiona's ' Theory of 

 the Moon ' (first volume). 



1832. Occurrence of a transit of Mercury. Sir J. Herschel ; investi- 

 gation of the orbits of revolving double stars. Don Joaquin de Ferrer ; 

 determination of the solar parallax, from observations of the transit 

 of Venus over the sun's disc in the year 1769. Sir John Herschel's 

 catalogue of 2007 double (tars. 



1833. Henchel's catalogue of Nebula; in the Northern Hemisphere. 

 Airy obtain* an important correction to the value of Jupiter's mass. 

 Publication of the results of Lieutenant Foster's pendulum experi- 

 ments for determining the elliptlcity of the earth. 



1834. Occurrence of a total eclipse of the sun, which was visible in 

 North America. Sir John Herschel ; Researches on the Satellites of 

 Uranus ; Dawes, micrometical measures of 121 double stars. Lubbock's 

 theory of the moon. 



1835. Brisbane's catalogue of 7385 star*. Encke's researches on 

 planetary perturbation (continued in 1836). Encke obtains a cor- 

 rection of the value ol the solar parallax as deducible from the transits 

 of Venu in 1761 and 1769. Apparition ol Halley's comet Airy 

 determines the time of rotation of Jupiter. Sir John Herschel's cata- 

 logue ol 286 double star*. Johnson's catalogue of 606 southern stars. 

 Airy appointed Astronomer- Royal Rownberger's researches on Halley's 

 comet. Lehmann'* researches on Halley's comet. 



1836. Publication of Baily's ' Life of Flamsteed.' Biot's researches 

 on astronomical refraction. Damouwau's table* of Jupiter's satellites. 

 Bteinbeil's experiments on the brightness ol the fixed stars. An annular 

 eclipse of the sun, visible in Scotland. 



1837. Lamont'i researches on the satellites of Uranus. Pontecoulant's 

 researches on the lunar theory. Henderson determine* th* value ol 

 the moon's equatorial parallax. Publication of W. Struve's ' Meaning 

 MicrometricB,' containing the mean distance* and angles of position of 

 3112 star*. ArgeUnder's researches on the motion of the solar system 

 in space. Wrotteseley's catalogue of 1318 stain. Completion of the 

 measurement of the great Indian arc ol the meridian. 



1838. Second part ol Lubbock'a researches on the lunar theory. 

 Basel determines the parallax ol 61 Cygni. Hanwn'i new method of 

 investigating the lunar theory. Robinson determination of the constant 

 of lunar nutation. Airy'* catalogue of 726 stars. Lament's determi 

 nation of the mass of Uranus. Lacaille'i catalogue of 9766 southern 

 tan, published by the British Association. An annular eclipse of the 

 sun observed in America. 



1839. Le Terrier'* researches on the secular variation* of the 



ll :.,..:.-: !..- i , . t 



The Imperial Observatory of Pulkowa founded. Johnson appointed 

 Director ol the Madeline ObMnratory, Oxford. Aiuiei'n double image 

 micrometer. 



1840. Observatory of Cambridge, U. 8., founded. Santini ; catalogue 

 of 1077 (tan. Airy's double image micrometer. 



1841. Rp*old's meridian circle erected at Konlg*berg. Hanson's 

 reeearobe* on the lunar theory. 



1842. National Observatory ol Washington, U. 8., founded. Peter, 

 determine* the constant ol nutation. Bally ; determination ol the 

 mean density of the earth. A total eclipse of the ran occurs, whii li 

 is visible in the southern countries ol Europe. Pearson's catalogue of 

 520 (tan. Greenwich catalogue of 1 439 stars. 



1843. Hanson's new method of investigating the effects of planetary 

 perturbation, whatever be the eccentricity or inclination of the orbit. 

 Detection of a periodicity in the recurrence of the solar spots, by 

 Schwab*. Faye discovers the periodic comet known by bin name. 

 Apjwrition of one of the most splendid cornets of modern time*. 

 W. Struve's determination of the constant of abermt 



1844. Sheepshanks commences his operations for the re-construction 

 of the standard yard, which he continue* to prosecute till his death in 

 1855. ArgeUnder's zone observations in the Northern Hemisphere 

 concluded. Taylor's catalogue of 11,015 stars. Transmission of local 

 time by the electric telegraph commenced in America. 



1845. Hencke discovers the planet Astreea, forming the fifth of the 

 group of minor planets, or asteroids, revolving between Mars and 

 Jupiter. British Association catalogue of 8377 stars. Le Verrier 'H 

 researches on the theory of Mercury. Smyth's 'Cycle of Celestial 

 Objects.' 



1846. Weisse's reduction of Beasel's zone-Stan comprised between 

 16" and 15 of declination. Airy; measurement of the arc of 



parallel comprised between Valentia and Greenwich. Discov. 

 the planet Neptune, the result of the independent theoretical 

 researches ol Adams and Le Verrier. Publication of the results of 

 the reduction of the planetary observations made at Greenwich between 

 1750 and 1830. Biela's comet, on the occasion of its return ( tin- 

 perihelion, is seen to separate into two part*. Brorsen discovers the 

 periodic comet known by his name. 



1847. Three new asteroids discovered during this year. Motion 

 the solar system in space. Erection of the Altazimuth at Green- 

 wich. An annular eclipse of the sun observed in England. Cata- 

 logue of the mean places of 47,390 stars contained in th.- Ilistoirr 

 Celeste ' of Lalande, published by the British Association. Honsen's 

 discovery of two long inequalities in the mean motion of the Moon. 

 Herschel's ' Results of Astronomical Observations made at the Cape of 

 Good Hope.' Everest's account of the measurement of two sections of 

 the meridional arc of India between lat. 18 and lat. 291. Galloway's 

 researches on the motion of the solar system in space. W. Struve's 

 ' Etudes d' Astronomic Stellaire.' Laasell's discovery of the satellite of 

 Neptune. 



1848. Challis ; researches for determining the orbit of a planet or 

 comet. Jacob ; catalogue of double stars observed at Poonah. Lassell 

 in England, and Bond in America, independently discover the eighth 

 satellite of Saturn (Hyperion). Wichmann's researches on the phy- 

 sical libration of the moon. Publication of the Greenwich lunar 

 reductions (1750 1830). Researches of Peters on the parallax of (In- 

 fixed stars. Greenwich catalogue of 2156 stars. Discovery of a new 

 asteroid. 



1849. Discovery of a new asteroid. Shortrede's logarithms. P.. \\.-ir.s 

 researches on irradiation. Main proven from micrometrical measure*, 

 made during the disappearance of Saturn's ring in 1848, that the figure 

 of the planet is strictly elliptical, a result corroborative of the pre- 

 vious researches of Bessel. 



1850. Lord Roase's observations of Nebulae. Discovery of three new 

 asteroids. Main's catalogue of the proper motions of 875 stars. 

 Occurrence ol a total eclipse of the sun, which was observed in the 

 Pacific Ocean. 



1851. Discovery of two new asteroids. D' Arrest discovers a periodic 

 comet. Lassell discovers two satellites of Uranus (Ariel and Uinl >ri<-l >. 

 Peters's researches on the variability of the proper motion of Siriiix. 

 Occurrence of a total eclipse of the sun, visible in Norway, Sweden, 

 and the other countries of Northern Knrpi-. Foucault's |H-nduluiu 

 experiments for demonstrating the rotation of the earth. Discovery 

 of the innermost or dusky ring of Saturn. Transit Circle erected at 

 Greenwich. Termination of the operations for measuring the great 

 Russo-Scandinavian arc of the meridian. Gould's Astronomical Journal 

 commences. 



1851-2. OeHren's reduction of Argelandcr's zones, extending from 

 45' to 80* of north declination. 



1852. Discovery of eight new asteroids. Publication of the American 

 Lunar Tables. Commencement ol zone observations at the Cambridge 

 Observatory, U.S. Publication of W. Struve's ' Positiones Media,' 

 containing the mean positions of 2874 stars, of which 2682 are double. 

 Villarccau's researches on the orbits of double stars. Riiniker's 

 catalogue of 12,000 stars. Secchi's researches on the temperature of 

 the different parts of the sun's surface. Observations with the reflex 

 zenith tube commenced at Greenwich. Argclander's zone observation* 

 from 16* to 81" of south declination. 



