til 



ANDREW. SAINT. 



ANDKEWS, LANCELOT. 



M 



in Trk.y. Hi* work OB ConeUatiaople et I* Borphore d. Thrace 

 la Jdirv.Jlvsawismid. Hi. memoir On the SpriBg. and Cooduiu 

 by whioh (Wanunople is anpplid with Water.' contain, much 



'-' ionoo the art of hydraulics a* pnetiaed by the Turks. 



rriiten alao in 1810 a ' Hiatory of UM Canal of Un- 

 Ooh he claimed for one of hi* ancestors. Franco!* 



ABdreeeai bad writton 



"vMooc* IB WBMQ B* - - 



AndreoW UM principal Merit in the planning of that great work 

 which bad till then been ascribed to UM engineer Riqurt. This book 

 i of moob controversy with Riquet's descendants, in 

 Do la Land* aided with the latter. Count 

 Aadreoaai dWd ia September, 1828, at MonUuban. 



ANDREW, SAINT, one of UM apoatie*. UM brother of St Peter, 

 His father's name waa Janna From the Ant chapter of St John's 

 Gospel, be appears to have born one of the followers of John the 

 Baptist, whom be left at the call of Jesus, being the first disciple 

 WBMB UM Saviour i* recorded to have received. Andrew introduced 

 Peter to Jeana. According to St. Matthew and St Mark, Jeaus found 

 Peter and Andrew together, following their occupation of fisherman, 

 a. be was walking by the Sea of Galilee, and called them, when they 

 iiately Wft their nets and followed him; but this is supposed to 

 have happened some time after the first interview recorded by St 

 John. That evangelist mentious Andrew a* the disciple who intimated 

 the pretence of the lad with the few loaves and fishes, when the 

 miracle of feeding the five thousand was performed. Such U nearly 

 all that ia (feted respecting this apostle ia Scripture. 



The snrlsi*stical historians however have professed to give us 

 amounts ia considerable detail of the latter part of his life. Accord- 

 ing to Throdoret, be employed himself for some years in journeying 

 and preaching the faith throughout Greece ; but Eusebius and other 

 writer* apeak of Scythia as the province of his missionary labours. 

 Tho common statement however ia, that he suffered martyrdom at 

 1'atnr, now Patraa, ia Acbaia, having been put to death by order of 

 Kgaroa, the pro-consul of that province. The year in which this event 

 took place is not mentioned ; but both in the Greek and in the Latin 

 church the festival commemorative of it is held on the 30th of 

 November. 



AM'i:i:ws. JAMES PETIT, an historical and miscellaneous 

 writer, waa a younger son of Joseph Andrews, of Shaw House, near 

 Newbury, Berks, where he was born in 1737. He was educated under 

 a private tutor, the Rsv. Mr. Matthews, rector of his native parish. 

 In 1788 be published a pamphlet calling attention to the hardships 

 ouffciad by chimney-sweepers' apprentices, which is laid to have pro- 

 duced the act pasted during the same year (28 Geo. 3. c. 28) for their 

 protection. In 1789 he published ' Anecdotes, tc. Ancient and Modern, 

 with Observations,' London. 8vo, dedicated to his brother, Sir Joseph 

 Andrew*. In 17l4 be published 'The History of Great Britain con- 

 with UM Chronology of Europe ; with Note*, Ac. containing 

 ate* of the Times, Live* of the Learned, and Specimens of 

 their Works. Vol. i. from Caxar's Invasion to the Deposition and 

 Death of Richard II.' 4U>. London. In 1796 he published a con- 

 lianatioo.. part 2, of voL i. ' From the Deposition and Death of 

 Richard IL to the aeoesaion of Edward VI.' The work is thus in- 

 ansBplet*. It must bar* been a very useful fragment at the time 

 when it appeared, and nothing but the progress which discovery in 

 relation to British history hu made in recent year* would prevent it 

 from still being so. A brief narrative of the internal civil and military 

 history of England ia given in what printer* call the even page, and 

 OB the opposite or odd page there i* a corresponding general chrono- 

 logy, to enable UM reader to synchronise English history with that of 

 UM tost of UM world. The continuous narrative ia followed at inter- 

 by a ebaptar containing 'incident*, biographical sketches, 

 of poetry,' *c., and another containing 'anecdote* and 

 a* relating to the religion, government, manners, to. of 

 Great Britain.' In these departments the author shows an extensive 

 knowledge of English literature and the history of legislation, and 

 much rasiarch among county histories and in other obscure quarters, 

 far iilustrationj of national manners. Andrews seems to have disoon- 

 tiaoed this work for the purpose of completing Henry'. 'History,' 

 <-> 1 7. be brought down to UM ao**aon of James I. On the 

 U>eLondon . 



I in London. August 6, 

 ANDKEWa, LANCELOT, an eminent English prelate, 



I from sa ancient Suffolk family, and was born in the pariah 

 ' . IMS. HU father, who bad spent 

 . toward* tho close of hi* life, 

 Deptford. Young Andrew* was 



I first at the Coopers' Free aoboo! at lUtcliH and th-n a- 

 Merchant Tailors' school, from which he waa ant to Pembroke Hall, 



of the exhibition* founded 

 r distinguished himself at the 



- - extauaive acquirement*; and 



aba ia osrUia Ucture. which b. read a. oatochirt displayed the first 

 MB-afc. of that latent far pulpit oratory for whioh bTWai afterward, 

 celebrated, llartaw taken order*, be *oon became known as a preacher 

 bo was rapidly pnfeirea, and waa Dean of Westminster when Jama* L 

 raat* to UM throne. With that monarch bo immediately became a 

 sweat fM ...... sad the biahoprie of Ohkhartar baring b^nM raeaBt, 



iiaaiUibdia> of UM London police magistracy in 1792, t 

 ft"*"'** BMffatiata for Quean Square and St Margaret'*, 

 uwter. He died ia London. August 6, 1797. 



ANDKEWa. LANCELOT, an en 

 BMaadHl from an ancient Suffolk fomil 

 of AU-ballowa, Ilarkiag. London, IB lift 

 UM awet part of bia Ufa at tea, waa, 

 abater of UM Triaitr House at Dep 

 educated fin* at UM Coopers' Free ao 

 Merchant Tailors' KbooL from which b< 

 Cambridge, by Archdeacon WatU, on on* of 

 by UM latter ia that college. He greatly diet 

 tfaivcraHy by bis atadioos babita and exte, 



b* was presented to it, aud waa consecrated on the 3rd of November, 

 1006. Tho king at the same time made him hi* lord almoner. In 

 1609 he wai translated to the see of Kly ; and was soon after made a 

 privy-councillor both for England and Scotland. Wheu James, in 

 1617, visited the latter kingdom, Bishop Andrews was one of tho 

 persons by whom he was accompanied. In 1618 he waa advanced to 

 the bishopric of Winchester, aud waa at the same time mado dean of 

 the chapel royal He died at Winchester-house, in Southwark, on 

 the 2Sth of September, 1626, aud was buried in the church of St 

 Saviour's. 



The principal work which Bishop Andrews published during his 

 life was a thick quarto volume, printed iu ItiOit, with tli 

 ' Tortura Torti ; ' being an answer to a treatise in which Cardinal 

 Bellariuin, under the name of Matthew Tortus, hud attacked the 

 doctrine laid down by king James in his ' Defence of the lights of 

 Kings, respecting the authority of Christian princes over persons and 

 cause* ecclesiastical.' Andrews undertook his performance on tho com- 

 mand of his majesty ; and was considered to have executed his task itu 

 great ability. The work by which he is now best known is his 

 'Manual of Private Devotions and Meditations for every day iu the 

 Week,' and a ' Manual of Directions for the Visitation of the Sick.' 

 After his death, a volume, containing ninety-six of his seruious, was, 

 by tho direction of Charles I., printed, under the core of I 

 Laud aud liuckeridge; and another volume, consisting of a coll 

 of his tracts and speeches, also appeared in 1629. His work entitled 

 ' The Moral Law Expounded, or Lectures on the Ten t 'o:nmund. 

 was fint published iu lt>42. HU ' 'ArucnriurpdTia Sacra, or Collection 

 of Posthumous aud Orphan Lectures, delivered at St Paul's, and St 

 Giles's, Cripplegate,' appeared in a folio volume, iu ItiiT. Itishop 

 Andrews was also one of the authors of the common translation of 

 the Bible. The portions in which he was concerned were the Penta- 

 teuch, and the historical books from the Book of Judges to the Books 

 of Kings inclusive. 



Bishop Andrews was indisputably the most learned of hi* Kntli-h 

 contemporaries, excepting Usher, in the Fathers, ecclesiastical antiqui- 

 ties, and canon law. lie was the head of that school which begau to 

 rise in England iu the 16th century, which appealed to antiquity and 

 history in defence of the faith of the Church of England iu its con- 

 flicts with Home. To express his theological tenets briefly, he was 

 of the school which is generally called th school of Laud, holding 

 the doctrines of apostolic succession, that " the true and real 1 

 Christ is in the Eucharist," and entertaining high notions of ecclesi- 

 astical authority. He was opposed to the Puritans, who iu uoiuteiiueuce 

 called his doctrine irrational, atheistical, and worse than tuat of 

 Aruiiuiaus. They also charged him with popery and sujwrstition, 

 because of the ornaments of his chapel, and the ceremonies there 

 practised. But Andrews was a man of more moderation thau Laud, 

 u* this circumstance will suffice to show. In lii'Jj Laud urged King 

 Charles to have the five predestiuorian articles, which had uecu 

 determined upon by the synod of Dort, debated in the convocation 

 of the clergy, to show that they were never at any time the 

 received doctrines of the church. The king recommended Laud 

 to consult Andrews as to tho propriety of the measure. Andrews 

 strongly opposed the renewal of the disputation, which he said 

 had already done too much mischief, and Laud ceased to agitate the 

 subject 



All the writings of Bishop Andrews display abundant learning; but 

 his eloquence, notwithstanding the delight it appears to have afforded 

 his contemporaries, is but little calculated to please the present uge. 

 Overspread as it is with verbal conceits on i far-fetched alluvium*, and 

 exhibiting in this way a perpetual labour of ingenuity, it alto 

 wanta that simplicity and directness of effect which is the BOU! of good 

 writing. Not that there is not a great deal of excellent sense wi 

 up in its tinsel tropes, and other puerile and grotesque decorations ; 

 but the whole life and spirit of every thought is most commonly 

 suffocated under a load of dead verbiage. The bishop's style how- 

 ever would seem to have wonderfully fascinated every body in his 

 own times. Fuller, who is greatly taken with it, and who utli.nn 

 that Dr. Andrews was an "inimitable preacher in his way," in an 

 anecdote which he tells with the view of showing how difficult or 

 impossible it was for those who attempted to copy him to 

 their model, unconsciously records a severe and, at the sam>- 

 well-deserved condemnation of the manner of writing which ho so 

 much admire*. " Pious aud pleasant Bishop Fclton," he says, l,in 

 contemporary and colleague, endeavoured in vain in bis sermons to 

 aasimilate his style, and therefore (aid merrily of himself, ' I had 

 almost marred my own natural trot by endeavouring to imitate his 

 artificial amble.' " 



Caaaubon, Cluverius, Grotiun, Vosdus, and other eminent scholars 

 of the time, have all highly eulogised the extensive erudition of 

 Bishop Andrews, which was wont, it appears, to overflow iu hi* con- 

 versation, as well as in his writing*. He was also celebrated fur his 

 talent at repartee, of which the following instance is > 



>( a life of Waller, the poet, prefixed to his works. Wall, r 

 having one day gone to see James I. at dinner, saw tho Bishop of 

 Winchester and Dr. Neale, bishop of Durham, standing behind the 

 king's chair, and overheard the following conversation. His majesty 

 asked the bishop*, " My lords, cannot I take my subjects' money 



