BOODE, DAVID. 



BOHLEN, PETEK VON. 



744 



1574, in the village of Oplewert in Frieeland, and itudied divinity at 

 Heidelberg and Geneva, then the two principal *eata of reformed 

 theology, la 1404 he wu made minuter at Leeuwarden. In the 

 polemic* of his age he joined Gomarua against Arminius. He approved, 

 translated, and commented on Beta'* work on the capital punishment 

 ofhrrruo. He also wrote a 'Mirror of the Jesuit*,' in Dutch, Leeuw. 

 1608, 4to; a polemical work against Grotiua, about or before 1614; 

 and other polemical work* which are now forgotten. la 1617 be 

 effected the deprivation of a preacher who held Remonstrant opinion*, 

 and greatly contributed to the victory of the Uomariata, or Contra- 

 Remoastraota, over the Remonstrant*, or ArminUn*. He wu not 

 without learning, bat obtained celebrity especially by his real against 

 the lUiEonctrsnte, Count William Lewis of Nassau, an enemy to the 

 RemoutnnU, recommended Bogerman to the stadtbolder Maurice, 

 who, for political reason*, opposed the Remonstrants. Bogerman the 

 president, and four other members of the synod of Dort, were commis- 

 sioned to tranaUte the Bible. Their translation, especially that of the 

 Ultl Testament, is chiefly Bogerman's work. It is still u*cd in the 

 churches of Holland, and is admired for it* correctness, oriental taste, 

 and purity of language. It is said that Bogerman declined some 

 lucrative inriutions to the Hague and to Amsterdam, in order that 

 he might devote hi* time to this translation of the Bible. Darennntius 

 proposed that the debates of the synod should be published, but 

 llogerman opposed this motion successfully. On his return home he 

 was shatply reprored by the states and the synod of Friesland, to 

 which province he belonged. lie was also accused of having exceeded 

 hi* instruction*. Bogerman remained a partisan of the stadtholder 

 Maurice, and wrote an account of his death. Bogerman died in 1633, 

 a* professor primarius at Franeker. 



(Brandt, Ilittorie der Jifformatie, vol. 2 this work has been translated 

 into Kugliah and into French ; Le Clerc, Hut. der Vereenigde ffederL 

 ii. d. LL 441 ; K. L. Vriemont, Athena Prinaca, p. 234 ; Von Kampen, 

 in A'lirye/o/i. r<m Erich und Gruber ; The Wort* oj Arminiut, translated 

 by James Nicholls, i. pp, 443, 444 ; Ada Synodi fi'atioaalii Dortrcchti 

 hat>il<r, Lugil. Bat 1620, fol ; Oachichle der Synode von Dordrecht von 

 Matthias Oraf, Basel, 1825, 8vo, pp. 79-85; Arnold, A'etzergetchichte ; 

 Stuart on the Life of A rminiut, in the ' Biblical Repository,' Andover, 

 1831 ; Lelleri of John J/alet.) 



BOCH'K, I'AVID, one of the principal founders of tho London 

 Missionary Society, was born on the 18th of February (old style), 1750, 

 at Dowlau, near Eyemouth, in Berwickshire, and was a younger son 

 of John Bogur, a landed proprietor. He received his early education 

 at the grammar-school at Dunse, and afterwards removed to the 

 university of Edinburgh, where he continued his studies for nine 

 yrars; and took the degree of A.M. in 1771. He was licensed as a 

 preacher in the Church of Scotland ; but 'his views on the subject of 

 church patronage led him to relinquish his prospects of promotion, and 

 in 1771 to proceed to London. He shortly after engaged himself as 

 usher in a school at Chelsea, kept by the Rev. Mr. Smith, of Silver- 

 street Chipel, whom he assisted also in his ministerial duties ; and in 

 !;;: he visited Holland, having been invited to take the pastoral 

 charge of a Scotch church at Amsterdam. Having declined this 

 engagement Bogue returned to England, and in the next year was 

 choeen pastor of an Independent church at Oosport, where he remained 

 unlil bis death, a period of nearly fifty years. About the year 1789, 

 at the request of an opulent friend who desired to promote the educa- 

 tion of young ministers of the Independent denomination, Bogue 

 began to superintend a kind of dissenting college, many of the students 

 in which attained eminence). In 172 he published a discourse on the 

 ubirct of Cbrutian missions, which, while it tended to excite the zeal 

 of thuee favourable to mission*, drew upon the author, on account of 

 in expressions in it, much obloquy from those who looked with 

 jealousy than himself upon the political changes then com- 

 ing on the continent of Europe. A paper supplied by Bogue to 

 the ' Evangelical Magazine' for September 1 794, wu the more immediate 

 precursor of the London Missionary Society, in the formation of which, 

 in the following year, be took an active part Shortly afterwards he 

 made srrangemmta for going out with a new mission to Bengal, the 

 expenses of which wrre to be borne by his friend Robert Haldane ; 

 bat permission having been refused by the East India Company, the 

 design wu relinquished. He then undertook the charge of a mis- 

 sionary seminary which the directors of the London Missionary Society 

 deemed it advisable to found in aid of their foreign labours. Immc- 

 diatrly after the peace of Amiens, in 1802, Bogue, in company with 

 Mr. Hnrdoutle, Dr. Waugh, and the Rev. Matthew Wilks, visited Paris 

 for the purpose of promoting measure* which had long been contem- 

 plated for the introduction of Bibles and religions books into France, 

 and in furtherance of which object he bad written his 'Essay on the 

 Divine Authority of the New Testament,' a work which, in addition 

 to being very wid-ly circulated in the English and French languages, 

 has Wo translated into Spanish, Italian, and German. In 1816, in 

 conjunction with Dr. Bennett, Bogue undertook another continental 

 mlsaioosry tour, for the promotion of the cause of minions in the 

 Netherlands. In the autumn of 1825, when upon one of his numerous 

 preaching tour* for the Missionary Society, he wu taken ill at Brighton, 

 whan h* died on the 25th of October, in his serenty ilxth year. 



Bogoe wan one of tb* originators of the Religious Tract Society, and 

 wrote the first tract issued by it He was also on* of the founders 



and first editors of the ' Evangelical Magazine,' and was more or leas 

 connected with roost of the important religious movements of his age. 

 Besides various minor work", lie published discourses on the Millen- 

 nium, and, in conjunction with his pupil nnd friend. Dr. James I'" 

 a ' History of Dissenters, from the Revolution in 16S8 to the year 1808,' 

 in four volumes, 8vo, 1805-12. 



(Bennett, Memoir of Dr. Bogue; Morison, Father* and Founders of 

 the London Munonary Society.) 



BOHEMOND, the eldest son of Robert Ouiscard, the Norman 

 conqueror of Apulia and Calabria in the llth century. After Robert 

 had become Duke of Apulia and Calabria, and his brother Roger had 

 made himself Count of Sicily, Bohemond accompanied his father iu 

 his various expeditions to Greece and Illyria, against the emperor 

 Alexu Comnenus. They took Corfu, and defeated the Greeks near 

 Durszzo. His father returning to Italy, Bohemond remained in 

 Illyria with his Norman and Apulian army. Ho defeated the Greeks 

 near Art*, entered Tbessaly, and besieged Larissa. 



At his father's death in 1085, Roger, Robert's second son, took pos- 

 session of Apulia and Calabria, and Bohemond on his return from 

 Greece found himself deprived of all share of hi* paternal inheritance. 

 Roger, count of Sicily, Robert's brother, took the part of his nephew 

 and namesake against Bohemond. A war ensued between the two 

 brothers, which terminated by Bohemond accepting the principality 

 of Tarentum, and leaving his brother Roger in possession of the rest 

 When tho great Crusade was resolved upon in 1092, part of the 

 Crusaders took their way through Italy, and assembled .it I'.uri to 

 embark there. Bohemond, bold and aspiring, resolved upon joining 

 them, and trying bis fortune in the East Being at the time in his 

 brother's camp near Amnlfi, which town had revolted against Roger, 

 he addressed the assembled warriors ; and so inspired them with his 

 own sentiment*, that nearly tho whole of his brother's army deter- 

 mined on taking the cross, amidst the cries of ' Dieu le veut,' and 

 proclaimed Bobemood for tboircomm.ni.l. r. 1 loger being thus deserted 

 by his troops was obliged to raise the siege of Amalfl. Both the 

 Prince of Salerno, and Tancred, tho hero of romance, immortalised by 

 Tosso, and who was Bohemond's cousin, agreed to follow Bohemoud's 

 banner. The Norman and A puliau expedition embarked at Ban. :iu 1 

 lauded at Durazzo. Bohemond took hU way by land across Mace- 

 donia, and he was treated with great distinction by the emperor 

 Alexis, who, by his polite behaviour, aided by splendid presents, pre- 

 vailed on Bohemond and several of the other chiefs to swear allegiance 

 to him for the conquests they should make in the East Anna Com- 

 nena, the daughter of Alexis, has left a striking portrait of Bohemond. 

 " He was remarkably tall and handsome, his eyes were blue, his 

 complexion florid, his demeanour haughty, his look fierce, and yet his 

 smile was soft and insinuating ; '' but she says that he was crafty and 

 deceitful, a despiser of laws and promises. In the arts of cunning 

 policy he appears to have been quite a match for her father. After 

 the capture of Nicaja, 1096, Bohemond, who commanded tho left 

 division of the Crusaders, was attacked by a vast multitude of Turks 

 near Dorylteum, and his division was mostly cut to pieces, but by his 

 exertions he maintained the conflict until Oodfrey of Bouillon came 

 to bis assistance, and routed tho enemy. Bohemond succeed. 1 iu 

 taking Antioch by the holp of an Armenian renegade, who agreed to 

 introduce him and bis men by night within the walls ; and he pre- 

 vailed upon his brother Crusaders, with the exception of Raymond of 

 Toulouse, to agree that he should be prince of Antioch. The Chi 

 were soon after besieged in their turn by Kerboga, and after mowing 

 the extremities of hunger they camo out to offer the Sultan battle, 

 in which the Saracens and Turks were completely routed, and Bohe- 

 mond greatly signalised himself. In 1099, in an excursion into Meso- 

 potamia, he was taken prisoner by a Turkish emir, and remained two 

 year* in captivity. Both the sultan of leonium and the emperor 

 Alexis offered Urge sums to the emir iu order to obtain possession of 

 Bohemond, who however contrived to persuade the emir to accept his 

 own ransom, although of less amount, and to make alliance with the 

 Christians against the sultan of Iconium. Returning to Antioch he 

 found there the faithful Tancred, who had taken care of his interests 

 during his absence. Iu 1103 Bohemond returned to Italy, an.l iu 

 1106 he visited France] where Philip L gave him his daughter Con- 

 stance in marriage : Philip's natural daughter Cecil married Tancn-d. 

 Upon Bohemond's return to Italy he collected a large force, and sailed 

 from Bari for Durazzo. After several combats with Alexis's troops, 

 he had an interview with the emperor, in which the latter acknow- 

 ledged him Prince of Antioch. Bohemond died in Apulia in 1111, 

 and was buried at Canons, His son, Bohoinond IL, succeeded him n 

 Prince of Antioch. 



BOHLKN, PETER VON, was born on the 13th of March 1790 of 

 poor parents in the village of Wiippels, near Jever, not far from the 

 mouth of the Weser. He lost his father when nine years of ag 

 he and his mother with two young daughters were left without any 

 support; but they wrre assisted by the villagers. Bohlen received hin 

 first education in the village school, to which he wu admitted gratia. 

 The clergyman of the place took great interest in him, giving him 

 instruction along with his own children. Tho knowledge thus acquired 

 created in young Bohlen a love of learning, but as he felt that he 

 ought to earn something to contribute to the support of his poor 

 mother, ho obtained occasional employment with the neighbouring 



