. 



CALDKBON DE LA BABCA, DOM PEDRO. 



IkewM 



Hoo- r ld to mvite the kin, baok to hb kiofdoaii 

 ^ of U* deoeAed to ineetCbarles in Holland with the 

 loa. of the aadoa. Oo hb majesty's rHaro. h* appointed 

 the duty of which oOee, owing to 

 . (eoerally said, no more than 



OBJI jf j^ __ 



eperferawO. lt~b generally said, no 

 l^'DWt.- JOB. . 1680. noU that 



. "'tab ( keard afterwards to be fal-." bat be 



appear* weaeMl Ike we of the eorpUee. It b oertein that Calamy 

 preaoaod oace ..b-^rBUr. Pepy. note, under AMU- It, 10. 

 -(Lard's Day.) To white Hall Chapel, where Mr. Calamy preached, 

 ad s*ede a good sermon, upon these word*, "To whom much b 



evident that the king's 



bat it spp*ar also 



to the king. M other, do.' 



rreat."jodVue; from wTteit, that'if he WM reedy to Bay all the 

 aeaal Burks of%verees tohb majeety. he WM ncAdbnooed to shrink 

 freea r male. IBM him of th. duties M well r* the privileges which bis 

 exalted poataMl devolved upon him. Besides hb chaplaincy Calamy 

 w eahred tke bbkoprie of LloUUid and Coventry, which it i. 

 tkeatkt he would bar. accepted. If b* could hare robeeribed to the 

 terms of ike kind's dedaratjon. HU moderation WM such, that he 

 appeared oaly deeiroM of feeaorlm thoee restrictions which effected 

 tke Preabjrtoriea clergy, accompanied with such reforms in the services 

 of tke church M BeiiM hare allowed a oonadentiou* performance of 

 their Doctoral duties. But finding tke temper of the high Church 

 party est >poa their rsjeeUoO by ad* of farther restraint and intole- 

 Msso*. he erlaed apoa the opportunity of the passing of the Act of 



UMfurekKy to reaka hb li'ving. Being well received at court, his 

 Mead* rsooeaaiendsd hia to petition for an indulgence ; bnt bb 

 fruition, Be did not, like some of the other ejected 

 ttempt to Mseuble a congregation euswhere, but still 

 Doed to attend the church in which he had so long officiated. 

 Oa oae of those oeaeaioa*, when no clergyman attended, some of bU 

 friends reoasoted him to preach. After some hesitation h* ascended 

 the desk, from which it had always been hb custom to deliver hb 

 i BUM, aad prverfisd upon the concern of old Eli for the ark of 

 , iato which he introduced some matter that touched tipou recent 

 evoato : which Urine deemed sedition*, be WM committed to Newgate, 

 whore he by. oatil the outery embed by hb Meads induced the king 

 to order hi. liberation. Be Bred to see London in ashes; which event 

 hod each M> estot apoa hb Borrea. that h* survived the melancholy 

 latstli UtUe more than a month. H* died October 29, 1666. 

 Mr. Caawiy WM onaoUirsd aa able theologian. HU publication* 

 , of *iale earmoas preaohsa upon particular occasion*, and a 

 ioa of hiBMelf agaioat an attack made upon him by Mr. Burton, 

 The Godly Man's Ark, or a City of Refuge in the Day of hb 



Two of Mr. Calamy'* eone, who were educated at Cambridge for the 

 lareh, took oppoxto sidre OB the dispute. 

 ; Use eldest. Kdmund, having, after 



on the disputed point* of eocleaiaitical 

 hU ejectment from hit 

 while hi* other eon, 



not only adhered to the high church party, 

 ia its deieaM A DUeoune against a Serupulous Con 

 the Uoour of which is, to stigmatise M crime the act of 

 t free* the church. 



i of Mr. Oalaay WM a celebrated nonconformist divine, 

 i the U-kBown biographer of the ejected ministers; and also 

 of Beater* Ufe aad Time*.' This gentleman, also celled Edmund, 

 after hb father aad grandfather. OB a visit to Scotland in 1709, 

 rooairvd the donee of Doctor ia Divinity from each of the uuivenitie* 

 of AbsrtoMTEdiBltttch. and Qbegow. (Calamy, AWm/brmuf. 

 JfeverW.) 



CALA'SDS, aa Indian phOosoDber of the wet called by the Greeks 

 or 'nakrd phOoaopher*.' Alexander the Great, iu 



BbBself or to allow any of bu foUowen to go, saving that he wai M 

 met tho eoa of Jvpiter M Alexander, and that he wanted nothing 

 ftoai Alexaader. but WM quite sotbfed with what he had. Calanu* 

 (Ttatareki ear* hb real name WM S|.l.in*s. and that Calanu* WM a 

 M*ae giteo to hia by the Or**k* from hb custom of using the word 

 * of xe*< bj ealatinf ) WM the only one who could be pre- 



tJWtjaoa; eoJ, aaridst the reproaches of bU colleagues, be consented 

 to n i ii IM AkModer U) hb eipedlUon. OD arriving at Paeargada 

 Pereb he tell UL He had oertr been 01 Wore, and would not now 



_tU ^t 1 _ J-^ . .., | n ^,,,.1 .. 1 I. , 1 I IA.. 



b) 



wMh 



been 01 Wore, and _______ 



or doetorrd, bat Ineblsd on being burnt After 

 roar* to dbeaede him from hi. resolution, Alex- 

 ordered a enjeadtd pile to U raised, and a golden couch to be 

 oa It by PtoUoMMs. son of Laru*. Calanus WM driven in a 

 s to the spot, erowaed cfter the Indian fashion, and cbaui.ting 

 to the cod* ta the Indian tocune, be motmUd the pile, and lai? 

 down th, *%t,t of the whole army, and oontinued motion 

 -aeieea. A* soon M the fire had b~n kiodled, trnmpeU 

 aad U b eaid that .'en Ue elcphaats joined the army 

 a werhot b booov of Cebao*. be variow omamenU 

 had ordered the pOe to b* decorated were dU- 



tribatod to tbcoe who were preesnt WhiU Galenas WM riding to the 

 pit*, Alexander asked him if b* hid any request* to nuke. He replied, 

 ! *bill see you won in Babylon." Alexander died loon after 

 n Babylon, B.C. 313. Calano* WM in hit wrenty -third year when be 

 lied. (Btrebo, XT. 1 ; Arrian, rii. ; Cioero, ' De Dir..' L 23 ; Valer. 

 Matt 8.) 



CALUARA. [CAKATAocna] 



CALDAS, FRANCISCO JOSE DE, born at Popayan in New 

 Granada, about 1773, deeerres uotice M an example not common any 

 where, bnt rery unusoal in Sooth America, of a man who unaided by 

 book* or teacher* arrived at a Tery respectable position M a nun of 

 science. HU studies and remarchea included botanr, pbytical geogra- 

 phy, mechanic*, and attronomy. Before Humboldt had opened the 

 region of the Andes to the acientifio world, CaldM bad conitructed 

 with hii own band* a barometer and other instrument*, and explored 

 a oondderable tract, and taken the altitude of several of the loftiest 

 TMnmiU of that rant range. When Muti* made his celebrated explora- 

 tion of New Granada, CaSdas rendered him important assistance ; the 

 admea*nrement* of Chimborazo and tome other peaks were made by 

 him. About 1805 or 1800 he raoeired the appointment of director of 

 the obeerratory of Santa K<5 de Bogota. His chief scientific laboun 

 are embodied in the ' Semenario de la Nueva Granada,' of which he 

 published the first number in 1807, and which ultimately formed two 

 4to volumes. CaldM baring eagerly embraced the cause of independ- 

 ence, unfortunately fell into the hands of Horillo, who caused him to 

 be executed October 30, 1816. The scientific labours of Caldas bare 

 been highly praised by sereral European savants, especially by Hum 

 boldt. A new edition of tho ' Semenario,' augmented by the addition 

 of feveral of Caldas*s inedited writings, was published at Paris under 

 the care of M. A. Lasscrre in 1849. (Acoata, Breve Notieia nbre P. Ac 

 Caldas ; \ourelle Siog. I'nir.) 



CALDERA'RI, OTTO'NE, was born of a noble family at Vicenza 

 in 1730. Although that city is indebted to him for many important 

 additions to its previous architectural attractions, little lias been told 

 respecting his life. HU enthusiasm for architecture U said to have 

 been first excited by viewing the Basilica of Vicenza by moonlight, 

 which made so powerful an impression upon him that he thenceforth 

 devoted bimtelf to the study. One of his earliest recorded works was 

 the casino erected by him near Viceuza, in 1772, for the Count Anti- 

 Sou, which has a very extended front towards the gardens, with 

 terrace* uniting the house to the wings. In 1773 he built the small 

 Palazzo Bonini at Vicenza, with a facade of two orders, Doric and Ionic 

 (of five intercolumus), surmounted by an attic ; it U a most decided 

 imitation of Palladio. The Palazzo Cordellina (1776) at Viceuza, 

 which U esteemed by bis editors his " capo d'opera," differs very little 

 from the preceding in the style of its facade, which presents the same 

 orders. The Villa Porto at Vivaro, fivu miles from Viceuza, erected 

 in 1778, U a happier specimen of his talent, and the Doric colonnade* 

 between the body and wing*, backed by a screen wall with openings 

 in it, produce much scenic effect. In 1782 he built the Palazzo Loschi 

 at Vicenza, a Corinthian order and attic on a rusticated basement ; in 

 1785 the Casino Todaro, and also the Palazzi Quinto and Salvi, iu the 

 same city. Nor WM Vicenza alone the scene of hu architectural 

 labours, for be designed the beautiful atrium of the Seminario at 

 Verona, the Villa Capra, at Marano, and the Casa CocMtlli in the 

 Mantuan territory. 



Count Calderari belonged to the principal academies and societies 

 in Europe, and WM elected by tho French Institute expressly as being 

 "foremost among the Italian architects of thst day;" nor can it be 

 denied that he U entitled to the admiration of those who hold Palladio 

 to be a pattern of excellence. He died at Vicenza, October 26, 1-03, 

 and his Hoge WM pronounced by Diedo, secretary to the Academy of 

 Fine Art*, Venice, and the chief editor of bis 'Opere di Architettura,' 

 *c., 2 vola, folio, 1808-17. 



CALDKRON DE LA BARCA, DON PEDRO, a great Spanish 

 dramatist, born of noble parents at Madrid, in 1601, suggest* a striking 

 parallel w'th Lope de Vega, hU celebrated countryman and forerunner 

 in the same career. Both were wonderfully precocious : Lope wrote 

 play* at the age of eleven or twelve, and Calderon exhibited no inferior 

 genius at thirteen in bu ' Carro del Cielo' (the Heavenly Chariot). 

 Both devoted the rigour of life to the military profession, and their 

 maturity to the eccleeiantical order ; and the poetic talent of both con- 

 tinued to advanced age. Both of thorn acquired reputation and even 

 affluence from a gift proverbially doomed to penury, and at the most 

 hardly promising more than posthumous renown. 



Lone and Calderon gave the law to the Spanish theatre. With all 

 their irregularity, they both exhibit a singular mixture of sublimity 

 and absurdity, with frequent flashes of genius, and passages of striking 

 truth to nature ; thus frequently redeeming their numerous faults, and 

 making amends for many to us now very ridiculous scenes. The 

 fertility of those two writer* U not the least surprising part of their 

 history. Lope added 2000, and Calderon 500 pieces at least to the 

 national dramatic stock. Their success could not fail to call forth 

 numerous imitators at home and abroad : Corneille, there is little 

 doubt, formed hu Heraclius upon the play of Calderon, as he certainly 

 took his Cid and hia Menteur from Quillertno d Castro. Moliere's 

 Femme* aavantes ' WM suggested by Calderon's ' No hai burlas con el 

 Amor' (Lore U no Joke); and Scarron grossly disfigured, under the 



