FOLARD, JEAN-CHARLES DE. 



FONIiLANQOE, ALBANY W. 



, who staid there a considerable Urn*, baud many of the bt 

 stories with which hi* history U embellished. Tha portrait which he 

 ha* drawn of Outon is on* of the completont picture* of what ' 

 chivalrous priuee wu in the time of our Edward the Third 



FOLA'RO, JKAN-CHARLKS ]>E, was born at Avignon in 1669. 

 H entered early into the arniy, and distinguished himself by the I 

 attention which he paid to the scientific part of hit profusion, to the 

 movf menu and manoeuvres of an army in the field : be drew plans 

 and mapa, and became a pretty good engineer. Hating been made 

 aide-de-camp to the Duke of Vendome, he attended him in hi* Italian 

 campaigns, and wai wounded at the battle of Caasano. He afterward* 

 erred in Flanders under the Duke of Bourgngne, and wan wounded 

 again at the battle of Malplaquet. His Mai, at time* indiscreet, hi* 

 want of Uct, his restless activity, and his fondness of giving advico, 

 which, although at times valuable, was not acceptable to his euperion, 

 made him many enemies. The peace of 1712 baring placed Him on 

 the reduced list, he repaired to Malta to ofler his services to the 

 order of SI Jobn, which was then threatened by the Turks ; but 

 being offended at some real or supposed slight, he returned to the 

 continent, and visited Sweden, where he was well received by 

 Charles XII., who employed him on some missions, and whom he 

 accompanied in his expedition to Norway. After Charles's death in 

 the trenches of Fredericshall, Folard returned to France, and made 

 one abort campaign more in the war against Spain of 1719, after which 

 he withdrew into private life, and occupied himself in writing on 

 military matters. He died at Avignon in 1752. 



Folard's principal work is his 'Commentaries on PolyUus,' in 

 which he not only makes his observations on the events narrated by 

 the Greek historian, but slso draws parallels between ancient and 

 modern military practices, and reasons on the occurrences of the wars 

 which he had witnessed, exposing with the greatest freedom the 

 errors of the various commanders of his own age. His disquisitions, 

 though often prolix, are valuable. Folard's 'Commentaries' were 

 published in (i vols. 4to, Paris, 1727-80, and again at Amsterdam, in 

 7 vols. 4 to, the seventh volume containing tome treatises and strictures 

 on Fol&nl's system of tactics, with his own replies. 



FOI,KY, .lOlIN 1IKNUY, XR.A., was born at Dublin, May 24, 

 1818. His attention being early directed towards art, by a near 

 relative who was a sculptor in the Irish metropolis, young Foley 

 entered the drawing and modelling schools of the Royal Dublin 

 Society, at the age of thirteen. Having gained the first prize in each 

 of the classes he attended there, he in 1834 came to London, and 

 entered as a (tudeut at the Royal Academy. He first appears as an 

 exhibitor at the Royal Academy in 1839, when ho sent models of 

 ' Innocence ' and ' The Death of Abel,' both of which were much 

 admired. In the following year he contributed a model of ' Ino 

 and the infant Bacchus,' an admirable group, full of playful fancy 

 and the nicest refinement : it at once established the reputation of 

 the young sculptor. The marble group, now the property of the 

 Earl of EUcsmere, was even more admired than the clay model : and 

 a reduced copy of it has formed one of the most popular and wMrly 

 distributed of the favourite parian statuettes. 



Mr. Foley'a principal imaginative works subsequent to the 'Ino 

 and Bacchus ' have been ' Lear and Cordelia,' and ' The Death of 

 Lear,' 1841; ' Venus rescuing ^Eneas,' 1842; 'Prospero relating his 

 Adventures to Miranda,' 1843; 'Contemplation,' 1845; 'Innocence,' 

 1848; 'The Mourner,' 1849; "The Mother,' 1850; 'Egeria,' 185(1. 

 Of late, as will have been noticed, Mr. Foley's ideal efforts have been 

 few and unambitious. In fact, as soon as ho attained celebrity, he 

 grew in request for portrait bunts and monumental memorials, and 

 the ideal has been neglected as less profitable than the actual. Among 

 the more important of Mr. Foley's productions in thin lino may bo 

 mentioned his monumental composition in Milford Church, Hants, to 

 the memory of Admiral Cornwallis and Captain Whittiy; one of 

 the figures of which, 'Grief,' was exhibited at the Royal Academy in 

 1852; his Wellington memorial; monument to the Honourable 

 James Stuart at CVylon ; the statue of John Hompden at the New 

 Palace of Westminster ; and bis busts of Viscount Hardinge, Miss 

 Helen Faucit, Ac. Mr. Foley was elected an associate of the Royal 

 Academy in 1860. Unquestionably one of the very best of our 

 younger Briti.h sculptors. Mr. Foley may fairly be ranked among 

 those most promising to do honour to the artutic fame of this portion 

 of our history. Without being tied down by any idle adherence to 

 classic precedents he baa a fine classic spiri;, ronniderable invention, 

 a refined taste, and much executive skill ; and if he only gives his 

 imagination fair scope he ought to produce some really preat work. 



FOLKKS, MARTIN, an eminent English antiquary, was the eldest 

 on of Martin Follies, Ksq., and was born in Great Queen-street, 

 LJocolnVlt,n-Fi.l,l, October 2th, 1690. He entered of Clare Hall, 

 Cambridge, in 1707, where bis progress in all branches of learning, and 

 more <.|*cilly in mathematics and philosophy, was such, that when 



If.*** f^^'j mort th * n *">*>" y< of age ho was admitted a 

 Fellow at the hoyal Society, and two years after bad so distinguished 

 Wm rK, M _, t U cb< * TO on * of IU ""><*!. His first communication 

 to the Society was on the aurora l.orealis of March 80, 1717. This 

 was followed at various times by other papers in considerable numbers, 

 for which it may be sufficient to refer to the ' Philosophical Tranaac- 

 *. He was chosen a second time of the council of the Royal 



Society in 1718, and continued to be re-chosen every year till 1727 ; 

 Sir Isaac Newton, the president, having in 1723 appointed him one 

 of his vice-presidents. In February 1720 he was elected a Fallow of 

 the Society of Antiquaries. 



At the first anniversary election of the Royal Society after the death 

 of Sir Isaac Newton, in 1727, Mr. Fulkos was competitor with .Sir 

 Hans Sloane for the office of president, and his interest wu supported 

 by a great number of members, though the choice was determined 

 in favour of Sir Hans. He was however sgnin chosen of the council 

 in 1729, and continued in it till he was advanced to the president's 

 chair twelve years after. In the meantime ho was, in 17S3, appointed 

 ono of the vice-presidents by Sir Hans Sloane. In this year he set 

 out with bis whole family on a tour to Italy, and, after residing a 

 considerable time both at Rome and Florence, returned to England 

 in September 1735. The opportunities which he had of consulting 

 the best furnished cabinets of Italy enabled him to compose there an 

 excellent ' Dissertation on the Weights and Values of ancient Coins.' 

 This was read in the Society of Antiquaries, who requested that a 

 copy of it might be registered in their books, which he promised to 

 give after he bad revised and enlarged it ; but, for some reason, this 

 was never done. In the aame year however, 1736, his 'Observations 

 on the Trajan and Antonine Pillars at Rome ' were read in this 

 Society, and afterwards printed in the first volume of their ' Archseo- 

 logia,' which contains another paper by him on tho brass equestrian 

 statue of Marcus Aurelius at Rome, occasioned by a small brass 

 model of it being found near London. la April he also communicated 

 to them ' A Table of English Gold Coins from the 18th year of King 

 Edward III., when Gold was first coined in England, to the present 

 time, with their Weights and intrinsic values;' which at their 

 he printed the same year in 4 to; and in 1745 reprinted it with 

 additions, prefixing a larger and more considerable work, entitled ' A 

 Table of English Silver Coins, from the Norman Conquest to tho 

 present time, with their Weights, intrinsic Values, and some llemarks 

 on their several Pieces.' Mr. Folkes, iu order to illustrate t!ii work 

 had set about engraving, and actually did engrave, 42 copper-plates of 

 English silver coins, which were left at the time of his death in au 

 incomplete state. These, together with tho copyright of the books or 

 tables before mentioned, were purchased by the Society of Anti- 

 quaries, December 19th, 1754, for 1202., and the whole published, 

 wit!' great additions, both as to letter-press and plates, under the 

 care of Dr. Andrew Gilford, in 1763. 



Mr. Folkes succeeded Sir Hans Sloane as president of the Royal 

 Society in 1741 ; and, iu the following year, was chosen to succeed 

 Dr. } [alley, as a member of the Royal Academy of Scinnces at Paris. In 

 1746 the University of Oxford conferred upon him the degree of LL.U, 

 and he was afterward* admitted to tho same degree at Cambridge. 



In February 1750 Mr. Folkes, then one of the vice-presidents, 

 succeeded the Duke of Somerset as president of the Society of Anti- 

 quaries, an office in which he wai continued by tho charter of incorpo- 

 ration of tlmt Society, November 2, 1751. But he was soon disabled 

 from presiding in person, either in tlmt or tho Uoyal Society, being 

 seized on September 26th of the same year with a palsy, which 

 il.-|.rivud him of the use of his left side. He languished till a second 

 stroke put an end to his life, June 23th, 1754. 



(Nichols, Antcdoln, ii. 688; and lloteycr Antcdotet, pp. 662-66; 

 Chalmers, Biog. Diet., vol. xiv. pp. 428-31.) 



FONBLANQUE, ALBANY W. '1 hose who have been familiar 

 with the columns of the ' Examiner ' for a quarter of a century, will 

 have no doubt that the chief contributor to that journal must take 

 rank with the most able and influential writers of his time. Mr. 

 Fonblanque was born in 1797, th < son of John de Grenier FouMaii.ju,-, 

 distinguished as an equity lawyer. Albany Foublanque, being im 

 for bis father's profession, was a pupil of Mr. Chilly; but he was 

 never called to the bar. He was unwilling to add to the number of 

 those who have sung or said ' The Lawyer's Farewell to bis Muse ; ' 

 and he abided by the path he hod chosrn of bringing tho acutcness of 

 his intellect to the consideration of political questions. Hi* earliest 

 articles wire written on the break-up of the Liverpn 

 tration, and the accession of Canning to power. The 'Examiner' 

 was, from its first establishment, a journal far above the average 

 talent of weekly newspapers. The liberal politics of its proprietors 

 and editors, John and Leigh Hunt, at a time when liberal politics 

 were dangerous as well as unfashionable, gave it n circulation amongst 

 independent thinkers; and its critical articles on literature and ait, 

 when newspaper criticism was little better than careless puffery im- 

 personal bitterness, ensured it a wider reputation. Whcu this paper 

 passed out of the bands of its original conductor*, it was fortunate 

 for its character that one so ably qualified as Mr. Fonblanqtie 

 should succeed to its proprietorship and management. Until the last 

 few years, and occasionally at the present time, the attention of the 

 political reader has been arrested, either in the 'Examiner' it- 

 by copious extracts in other journal*, by articles HO marked by strong 

 sense, and yet so playful and amusing so unrivalled in their 

 mand of the most odd yet most appropriate allusions derived from 

 the minutest acquaintance with English and foreign literature so 

 biting in their satire and so brilliant in their wit that the gratifica- 

 tion has very often been accompanied with the regret that such rare 

 powers should be bestowed upon ephemeral subjects. Such regret 



