MACKINTOSH. SIR JAM El 



MACKNIUHT, JAMES, D.D. 



. .lid be feel klmtllf compelled to condemn 

 Bat not only was it by hi. upright and able, yet 

 admalfetralion that b secured a more than ordinary 

 ; b. Mi himotlf with IUOMM to nut th* too* of 

 -. Mid to arouse *piht of literary enterprise and 



Oo* of ai* tret meamrM WM th* founding (November, 



1M) of th* -Literary Society of Bombmy/ and b* oprued tba pro- 

 Miliim of that society by an elaborate Jnlroduclory J>i*ooune ;' aod 

 ho afterwards Uid before UM society (M*7, 1606) ' Plan for Forming 

 a ComparaUv* Vocabulary of the Indian Language*/ which WM printed 

 and widely circulated at UM tiu* by the different government* of 

 lad*. Both the Dieooon* ' and the ' Plan ' were printed in the fint 

 volume of tie society's 'Transactions.' 



OB hie return to England Sir June. WM offered by Mr. PerceTal a 

 eeal in parliament known to be a great object of hi. ambition 

 with intinutioos of future advancement ; but Uaokiotoeti, little 

 iacttaed to abandon hie party, res|*ctfully deolined the offer ; he also 

 " I of Mbordioate place* in the tucceodiog government* 



made by Canning aod Lord Liverpool He WM elected (June 1813) 

 through the intern* of Lord Cawdor member for the county of 

 Kara. In the House of Common* he took from the fint a high place. 

 Hi. ip.*ehM on foreign affair* in the fint session especially attracted 

 much notice, hut hi* eioquenee WM of too temperate and philosophical 

 n ibtiiiiltr to caiM him to eminence ss a parliamentary debater. 

 Hi* el<M|iieune WM fitted for great occasions, it WM not fitted for the 

 i of th* Hone*, or adapted to the requirements of 

 'Perhaps it WM partly on this account that when the Whig* 

 id with Canning (April 1887), the name of Mackintosh WM 

 not MM of those submitted by them to the premier fur office very 

 much it i* taid to Canning'* surprise: be WM however admitted 

 anajisahtl Utter to the privy council From 1819 to his death Sir 

 Jam** sat M member for Knaresborongh, a borough then entirely ia 

 the interest of the Duke of Devonshire. Among the great subject* 

 which he took an earnest and prominent part iu advocating were, 

 Roman Catholic Rmanci patina, and the removal of all religious 

 ; tb* abolition of slavery ; municipal and parliamentary 

 .: and the amelioration of the criminal code, which last subject 

 WM after th* death of Romilly left in his hands, and under his prudent 

 " i onosidcrabl* ptogrrM From the retirement of Tierney 



> was regarded a. on* of the leaders of tha opposition. 

 In 1818 Sir Jamee aonptod the office of ProfeMor of Law and 

 Oewarel Politic, in the Kent India College at Haileybury, and be con- 

 tinued to hold it with honour to hirnaelf and great benefit to the 

 iluilint* till 1824. When the Grey ministry came into power 

 (November 1830) it wa* generally expected that .Mackintosh would 

 b* called upon to fill an important po-t ; but, like Burke and Sheridan 

 before him, he wa* doomed to experience the aristocratic exclusive- 

 CM of Whig covemnonU He WM not admitted into the cabinet : that 

 WM lueai mi for patrician 'connection*;' but for this eminent man 

 WM found UM place of ' CommiMioner for the Affair* of India 'the 

 same which eighteen year, before he had refused at the bands of his 

 political opponent* In to* debate on the socond reading of the 

 Reform Bill, Maokmtoah made a speech of great power ; and on the 

 9th of February 183*, b* spoke on the state of Portugal ; but hi. 

 health WM (ailing, and a alight accident brought on an illness, which 

 terminated fatally May Si, 1831 



WhiM in 

 assumed 

 about 



materials. It wa* hi* porpoae to commence with the 

 (all of JacM* II. Tb* Prince Regent gave him aooea* to the Stuart 



freely opened 

 kingdom were 



readily available. It may giv* an idea of th* extent to which 

 ho carried the teak of collecting hi* material, to mention that they 

 id fifty manoKript volumes. Bat he exhausted too much tiro* 

 1 strength over UMS* preliminary labours ; and be WM dismayed 

 i* at the vast accumulation of material*, and the thought of the 

 impossibility of aatarfying th* expectations which his extended 

 preparation* had excited. Moreover parliamentary and professorial 

 jaaupations tiled bia days, social engagements hi. evenings, and b* 

 could wot bring himealf to break away from cither. The little time 

 he eoold git* to literary composition b* frittered away in the easier 

 aod more *Umul*aug to* of writing eemys for th* Edinburgh 

 view.' At length when be WM applied to, to write a brief general 

 surrey of BagBsh history for Lardnsr's 'Cyclopedia/ bo complied with a 

 kh, and mid Mid* for ever his great work; of which, 'a fragment/ 

 all be had written, of tb* History of th* Revolution in KngUnd in 

 Itaa,' WM pWW>.d after hi* death. Of the general History two 



W e bare noticed Mackintosh'* earlier literary work-. Whi 

 lodia th* mtontiou of writing a new History of England' ass 

 a debit* than*, and as aoon an b* arrived in England be set 

 wlwetBBt materials. It wa* hi* porpoae to commence wit 

 (all of JacM* II. Tb* Prince Regent gave him aooea* to the 

 rapen ; the archive* of toe Pnnch Forrign-offioe were freely op 

 t* hie*; nod th* public aad private libraries of the kingdom 

 made readily available. It may giv* an idea of th* extent to 



ed during bis life ; of UM third b* only lived to write 

 a part, bnogmg tb* work down to tb* reign of Elisabeth. It i. 

 te |rtKutar ** deficient in detail., bat as a general rorvey 



> biatory it U a work of gnat value, being compreheMiv* in 

 frr* from .all partiality (except perhaps for the oppremed) ; 

 r, jnot, and Hheral to it* view*; aod calm bat often eloquent in 

 style, A new edition of the ' History of BogUnd/ revised by hi* MO, 

 hM been published in > vol*. Svo. H* aleo wrote a very pleating 

 Life of SfrTbomM More' for Urdner* Cyclopaedia/ 



Another important work is his Dissertation on the Program of 

 Ethical Philosophy, chiefly during the 17th and 18th centuries,' pre- 

 fixed to the seventh edition of the Encyclopedia liriunnica.' As a 

 history of ethical philosophy it is very incomplete, as being confined 

 slmost exclusively to Briti.h authors, and of them the survey is often 

 far from satisfactory, while the narrative and didaciio portions are 

 so intermingled a. to produce some confusion. Nor is it either in 

 plan or execution free from serious objections in other respects. 

 kverywhere in fact the work bears evidence of having been written 

 in an irregular and desultory manner. Yat it shows that the miinl 

 of th* author bad dwtlt long and fondly on the subject, and it is 

 everywhere imbued with a tolerant spirit, and a love of truth and 

 virtue. It is in fact rather a pleading than a profound work ; one 

 calculated rather to stimulate than to satisfy. A *parat* edition of 

 it WM published ia 183ti with a preface by the Rev. W. Whewell. 

 ' The Miscellaneous Works of Sir James Mackintosh/ including his 

 contributions to the ' Edinburgh Review/ have been published in 

 3 vol.. 8vo ; and also in a single volume *q. crown 8vo. 



(Memoir, of the Life of tke Right //on. Sir Jama MartiiUoih : 

 edited by his son, Robert James Mackintosh, Esq., 2 vol.. 8vo, 1835.) 



MACKLIN, CHAKLES, an actor and dramatic writer. His family 

 name was Maolaughlin. The exact place and date of his birth sre 

 unknown ; but according to the account of a female relative, " he was 

 two months old at the battle of the Boyne" (July 1, leuO), a fw 

 days previous to which event his mother travelled with him from 

 Drogheda to a little village six miles off, in which they resided for 

 some years. At the age of fourteen he was apprenticed to a saddler, 

 but toon ran away and came over to England, where he contracted a 

 marriage with the widow of a publican in the Borough. The circum- 

 stance coming to the ears of some friends, the marriage was dissolved 

 on the grounds of nonage, and he was sent back to Ireland, when he 

 became a badgeman in Trinity College, Dublin. At the age of twenty- 

 one ha again visited England, joined a strolling company, and played 

 Harlequin, returned to Trinity College, and again to England in 1716, 

 when he recommenced actor at Bristol In 1725 he was a member of 

 Mr. liich's company at the Lincoln's Inn Fields theatre, London. On the 

 10th of May 1735, he unfortunately killed a brother performer, named 

 HaUam, by accident in a quarrel, for which he was tried and found 

 guilty of manslaughter. On the 14th of February 1741, Mackliu 

 established hi. fame a. an actor in the character of Shvlock. In 1753 

 he took leave of the stage, and on the llth of March 1754, opened a 

 tavern and public ordinary in the Piazza, Covent-Uarden, adding to it 

 " a school of oratory and criticism," iu which he gave lectures, full 

 dressed, only to be laughed at by Foot* and other wage of the day. 

 This scheme failing, Macklin became a bankrupt, and in 1757 went 

 to Dublin, where he assisted in laying the first stone of the Crow- 

 Street theatre. In 1759 be accepted an engagement at Drnry-Lane, 

 and from thence went to Covent Garden. On the 18th of November 

 177:;, he was driven from the utage by a cabal, but brought an action 

 and obtained damages against the ringleaders. On the 2bth of 

 November 1788, while representing the character of Sir I'ertiuax 

 MaoSycophant, in his own comedy, 'The Man of the World,' his 

 memory suddenly and entirely failed him. He made a last attempt 

 for liU own benefit, May 7, 17S9, in the character of Shylock, but 

 was unable to complete the part. Macklin died July 1 1 , 1 71'7, at the 

 great age (it is supposed) of one hundred and t-.vea, and wa* buried 

 in the chancel of St Paul's, Covent-Garden. 



There are ten dramatic pieces ascribed to him, but two only have 

 kept posse-lion of the stage,, ' Love K 1 Mode/ a farce, and ' The 

 Man of tho World/ a comedy. His memoir*, written by J. T. 

 Rirkman, Esq., were published in two vols. 8vo, London, 1799. 



MACKNIiiMT, JAMES. I ).!)., an eminent divine of the Church of 

 Scotland, WM born in Argyleshire in 1721. He studied in the >. 

 sity of Glasgow, but, like many of the Presbyterian divines both of 

 his own country and of England, went abroad and finished his studies 

 at Leydfn. On hi* return be became a minister iu the Scotch Church, 

 and WM appointed, in 1753, pMtor of Maybole, in Ayrshire. Here he 

 'pent sixteen years, during which time he prepared two works; one, 

 ' A Harmony of the Gospels/ with copious illustrations, being in fact 

 a life of our Saviour, embracing everything which the evan 

 have related concerning him ; the other, ' A new Translation of tho 

 Epistles.' Both these works were favourably received, and are by many 

 persons highly esteemed. The ' Harmony ' has been repeatedly printed, 

 and to the later editions there are added certain dissertation* on 

 curious point* in the history or antiquities of the Jew*. The theology 

 of them U what i* called moderately orthodox. While at Maybole be 

 published also another theological work, which is held in high esteem, 

 in defence of The Truth of the Gospel History.' For these his 

 valuable service* to aaered literature, Dr. Maoknight received such 

 rewards a* a Presbyterian church hM it in its power to give. The 

 degree of D.D. was conferred upon him by the University of Kdm- 

 burgfa. In 1749 b* WM removed from Maybole to the more de-irablo 

 pariah of Jedburgh, and in 1772 he became one of the ministers of the 

 city of Edinburgh. Here h continued for the remainder of his life, 

 useful in the ministry, though not accounted one of the most 

 attractive and engaging of the preachers in that city. His attention 

 to his theological studies WM unabated, and in 1795, at the age of 

 seventy-four, he produced bis ' Literal Translation of all the Apostolic 



