

MART T. 



MART I. 



1S1 



of Mr. RasMilen. UK! then, in consequence of some misunderstanding 

 between H Md Marvell, the Utter wrote in(tly to bli constituent*. 

 A *"" b> M*rvU'irorTOTf>on<i>oe after June 161. He appears 

 to twve been in HolUnd for considerable time. Lord EelU'i', then 

 kMMtevud ol Hutt. haviof requested the corporation to proceed to 

 < shirtim of a new member, they wrote to Marvell. who immediately 

 nlMsjiil to England and rammed Ui seat IB the house. 



A*xt throe rooothd after his retorn. Marvell .gain left England u 

 r to Lord Carli.!*, who was appointed ambassador-extraordinary 

 i. Sweden, and Denmark. Marvell's acceptance of this appoint- 

 * a little at variance with hU alleged invariable refusal to 

 MOSf* wy mark of royal favour. He wa* absent on thi embatsy 

 Dearly two yearn 



MarvelTa various poblieationi were mostly of a temporary intercut. 

 Mr. Dove give* the following account of the olo*e of hi* career: 

 Marvell bad now rendered himself to obnoxioun to the usual friends 

 of a corrupt court, and to the heir presumptive, Jame*, duke of York, 

 that be wae beeet on all (idea by powerful enemies, who even pro- 

 ceeded so far as to menace hi* life. Henoe he was obliged to use 

 great caution, to appear seldom in public, and frequently to conceal 

 UM place of hi* abode ; but all his care proved ineffectual to preserve 

 kirn from their vengeance, for be di- d on the 10th of August 1678, 

 aped fifty-eight yrars, not without strong suspicions (as his constitu- 

 tioa was entire and vigorous) of having ufferrd under the eflVct of 

 poison." (-Life of Andrew Marrell,' p. 65, London, 1832.) It is 

 bowrv.r only fair to My that there does not appear to be any just 

 groar.d* for this suspicion. 



Marvcll's powers H a poet were not sufficient to ensure him lasting 

 fame. Few or none of hie poetical competition*, any more than bis 

 prose, obtained a luting popularity. Msny of bis verse*, particularly 

 the satirical, are defaced by the coarseness of bis time, from which 

 LU contemporary, Hilton, b so remarkably free. Others display a 

 degree of feeling and a perception of the beauties of nature, expressed 

 with a harmony of versification and felicity of language which not 

 anfreqoently recall the 'L'Allegro 1 and 'II Penseroso' of Milton. 

 Upon the whole Andrew Marvell'* claim to be honourably remembered 

 b fooaded rather on hi* moral than his intellectual qualities. Hi* 

 mteOectoal merits are thoee of a wit and satirist ; and though in 

 these departments considerably above mediocrity, and even famous 

 in his day, he could scarcely have hoped for a different fate from that 

 of other wits and satirist* who are now forgotten. But the degree 

 in hich Andrew Marvell possessed that very rare quality, political 

 integrity, gives him a claim to the remembrance of after-ages, still 

 grtatst than is doe to him u the friend and associate of Milton. 



(Marvell's Works, by Captain Edward Thompson, with hi* Life, 

 London. 1778 ) 



MART I., Queen of England, was the daughter of Henry VIII., 

 t>y his first wife Catherine of Aragoo, and was born at Greenwich, on 

 the 18th (Bornet eays lth) of February 1616. She was the only one 

 of srrtrsl children borne by her mother that lived ; and on this 



, according to Burnet, and because her father was then " out 

 of hopes of more children," be in 1518 "declared his daughter 

 l*liness of Wale*, and sent her to Ludlow to hold her court there, 

 and projected diver* matches for her." It was first settled that she 

 should be married to the dauphin by a treaty with the King of 

 Fiance, dated 9th of November 1618, which however was soon after 

 broken. Then it WM arranged, 82nd of Juno 1522, that her hand 

 should be given to the emperor Charlea V. On Charles declining to 

 fnlftl tab bargain, some overture* of a Scottiih marriage followed in 

 September 1624. Finally, in April 1527, it was agreed that the 

 pitiiesse should be given in marriage either to the French king 

 Francis, or to hb second ion, the Duke of Oi leans ; but before it 

 WM determined whether she should be married to the father or the 

 eon. the stair of her mother's divorce, Implying her own illegitimacy, 

 MM to be agitated, and stopped all match making for some yean. 



Mary wae brought up from her infancy in a strong attachment to 

 the ancient religion, under the care of her mother, icd Margaret, 

 eoiinleas of SaU-bury, the effect of whose instruction* was not impaired 

 by the subsequent Unions of the learned LudoVicus Vive*, who, 

 though someWhsl radioed to the reformed opinion*, wa* appointed 

 by Henry to bo her Latin tutor. After her mother'* divorce, Mary 

 WM deprived of bar title of Princess of Walca, which wa* transferred 

 to the Prtocra* Elitabeth MOB after she came into the world; and 

 during aU tho time that ADM Boleyn lived, Mary, who clung to her 

 other's eaoee and her own, remained in a state of estrangement from 

 her fclher. In the meantime, according to Lord Herbert, negocia- 



"iy her 

 .'been 



- J Scotland, and in 1586 



*o her old totter the douohin. But Immediately after the execution 

 of Qoosn Anno m ItM, a reconcilement took place between Henry 

 aod tli eldest daughter, who was now prevailed upon to make a 



Uona for disposing of her In marriage were twice entered into by 

 Mar retation the emperor, without her father's consent having b. 

 a*kcd ; m 1598 be odrred her to Jamrs V. of Scotland, and in II 



formal acknowledgment both of Henrys ecclesiastical rapremacy 

 Mtetly rrfu.,on " the Bishop of Home, pretend d authority, power, 

 and jurisdiction within this real tn heretofore usurped --and of the 

 nullity of the roairiaj. of her father and mother, wl.ich she declared 

 wa. -by Ood'a law and 

 the 'Confession of me t 



Ref.,' from the original, "all written with her own band.") By the 

 new act of succession however, paned. this year, she was again, as 

 well as her sister Elizabeth, declared Illegitimate, and for ever 

 excluded from claiming the inheritance of tlie crown as the king's 

 lawful heir by lineal descent While the was thus circumstanced, 

 ' excluded," as Lord Herbert expresses it, " by act of parliament from 

 all claim to the suocearion except such a* the king shall give her" 

 by the powers reserved to him of nominating his own successor after 

 failure of the issue of Queen Jane, or of any other queen whom he 

 might afterwards marry, she was in 1538 offered to Don Louis, prince 

 of Portugal, and the next year to William, son of th D ike of Cleves. 

 Mesnwhilj continuing to yield an outward conformity to all her 

 father's capricious movements in the matter ci religion, she so far 

 succeeded in regaining his favour, that in the new act of auocsiion, 

 passed in 15-14, the inheritance to the crown was expressly scoured to 

 her next after her brother Edward and hi* heirs, and any issue the 

 king might have by his then wife Catherine Parr. 



Mary's compliance with the innovations in religion in her father's 

 time had been dictated merely by fear or self-interest ; and when,' after 

 the accession of her brother, his ministers proceeded to placn the 

 whole doctrine, ns well as discipline, of the national church upon a 

 new foundation, she openly refused to go along with them ; nor could 

 all their persuasions and threat?, aided by tho*e of her brother him- 

 self, move her from her ground. Full details of the various attempts 

 that were made to prevail upon her may be found in Burnet's 

 ' History,' and in King Edward's 'Journal.' Mention i> made in the 

 Utter, under date of April 1549, of a demand for the hand of the 

 Lady Mary by the Duke of Brunswick, who was informed by the 

 council that "there was talk for her marriage with the infant of 

 Portugal, which being determined, he should have answer." About 

 the same time it is noted that " whereas the emperor's ambnsador 

 desired leave, by letters patent, that my Lady Mary misht have 

 it wa* denied him. On the 18th of March of the following 



n's law incestuous and unlawful" 

 'Confession of me, the Lady Mary, 1 a* printed by Burnet, 



(See 

 Hirt. 



year, the king writes : " The Lady Mary, my sister, came to me at 

 Westminster, where, after salutations, she was called, with my council, 

 into a chamber; where was declared how long I had suffered her 

 mass, in hope of her reconciliation, and how now being no hope, 

 which I perceived by her letters, except I saw some short amendment, 

 I could not bear it She answered, that her soul was Ood>, and her 

 faith she would not change, nor dissemble her opinion with contrary 

 doings. It was said, I constrained not her faith, but wished her not 

 as a king to rule, but as a subject to obey; and that her example 

 might breed too much inconvenience." In fact throughout this reign 

 the Princess Mary was the centre of the intrigues of the Roman 

 Catholic party, and the hope of her succession their main strength 

 and support In the summer of this same year a project was entered 

 into by her friends at home and abroad for removing her from 

 England, where her faith at least, if not her person, was prohably 

 supposed to be in some danger. On the 29th of August, her brother 

 writes : " Certain pinnaces were prepared to pee that there should be 

 no conveyance over sea of the Lady Mary secretly done. Also 

 appointed that the lord chancellor, lord chamberlain, the vioe- 

 chamberlain, and the secretary Petrj should see by all means they 

 could whether she used the mass; and if she did, that the laws should 

 be executed on her chaplains." 



Mary's firm adherence to the Roman faith finally induced Edward, 

 under the interested advice of his minister Northumberland, to 

 attempt at the close of his life to exclude her from the succession, 

 and to make over the crown by will to the Lsdy Jane Grey, an oat 

 which wa* certainly without any shadow of legal force. [EDWARD VI.] 

 Although Lady Jane however was actually proclaimed, scarcely any 

 resistance waa made to the accession of Mary, the commencement of 

 whose reign accordingly is dated from the Oth of July 1663, the day 

 of her brother's death. [ORET, LADY JANE.] 



Mary was scarcely seated on the throne when she proceeded to 

 re-establish the ancii-nt religion. In the course of the month of 

 August, Bonner, Gardiner, and three other bishop', who had been 

 deposed for nonconformity in the late reign, were restored to their 

 seen, and the mass began again to be celebrated in many churches. 

 In the following month Archbishop Cranmer nud Bishop Latimer 

 were committed to the Tower; aud in November the parl: 

 passed an act repealing all the acts, nine in number, relating to 

 religion, that had been passed in the late reign, and replacing the 

 church in the same position in which it bad stood at the death of 

 Henry VIII. These measures, and the other indications given by 

 the court of a determination to be completely reconciled with Home, 

 were followed by the insurrection, commonly known aa that of Sir 

 Thomas Wyatt, its principal leader, which broke out in the end of 

 January 1564, but was in a few days effectually put down ; its sup- 

 pression being signalised by tho executions of the unfortunate Lady 

 Jane Grey and her husband the Lord Guildford Dudley, of her futher 

 the Duke of Suffolk, and finally, of Wyatt himself. 



On the 2..th of July, Mary was married in the cathedral church of 

 Winchester to the Prince, of Spain, afterward' i'hilip II., the son of 

 the emperor Charles V. ; and the reunion with Home was speedily 

 completed by a parliament which assembled in the beginning of 

 November, and which passed acts repealing the attainder of Cardinal 

 Pole, who immediately after arrived in England with the dignity of 



