i 



MUBET, MARC ANTOINB FRANCOIS. 



MURPHT, JAMES CAVANAH. 



: ' 



i U) hit paternal estate, be mamrd fur hi* firat wife Ann*, 

 of Dundaa of NewbiatoD, by whom he had five om and 

 iz dauchUr*. His Moond vrifo we* dame Jane Hamilton, lady 

 Duatnelb, and of Uiia marriage, there were two *oui and two 

 dufhton. 



During the civil war, Sir William took the popular lid* and in t! c 

 int arm; raised against the king, ha commanded a company of the 

 Ayrshire regiment. He WM a member of the convention in 1643. 

 whan the solemn Irague and covenant wa* ratified with KngUud ; ai.il 

 the nut year be accompanied the troops, which, in term* of that 

 treaty, were despatched in aid of the parliament. He waa alto p remit 

 and waa wounded, in the decisive battle of Long Marston Moor ; aod in 

 the lUOOMrlipg month be WM engaged at the (torming of Newcastle, 

 where, in consequence of the superior officer being disabled, lie bail 

 for tome time the command of the regiment. Little further u known 

 of him, except that on the revision of Itooe'a Pialuu by the General 

 Afeambly in 1650, a version by Mure of Rowallan is spoken of an 

 employed by the coniu>ilt<- appointed for the improvement of the 

 lealmody. He died in 1657. 



lly far the greater portion of Sir William'* writing* remain in 

 manuscript. Yarioui apecimcn* of hi* competition* however may be 

 found in a amall volume entitled ' Antient Ballads and Song*, chiefly 

 from Tradition, Manuscript*, and acarce works, with biographical 

 and Illustrative notiors, including Original Poetry, by 'i 

 Lyle,' Locdon, 1687; to which Chambers owns himself ii. 

 for the materials of hi* notice couoeruing Sir William in bu 

 Biographical Dictionary of Eminent Scotsmen.' To this latter wo 

 alto refrr. 



MUKKT, MAHC ANTulNK KHANQOIS (MUKETUS in the Lati- 

 nised form of bis name), was born near Limoges in 1526. He learnt, 

 with great facility, Greek and Latin, and at the age of eighteen gave 

 lecture* OB Cicero and Terence in the college of Aucb. He after- 

 wards went to Paris, where be taugbt philosophy and civil law in tin' 

 college of 8te. Barbe with great success. lifting aocuted, according to 

 .Soaligtr and some others, of an unnatural vice, he quitted Paris fur 

 Toulouse, which he was also obliged to leave, lie proceeded to Italy 

 in the greatest distress, and on bis journey fell ill at on obscure inn on 

 toe road. The medical men of the place, " 



:- 



having examined his con- 

 in Latin (which they thought he 



did not understand) to try upon him on.e new experiment: 'Facumus 

 ezperimeotum in oorpore vili.' Muret was so alarmed at hearing this, 

 that be mustered strength enough to pur.no bis journey. 



All this account however U contradicted, or rather discarded with 

 disdain by hie biograpbert, V. Benci end Laxeri, whose notices of 

 Mnrtt's life are annexed to Ruhnkeu's edition of Muret' s works, 4 vols. 

 Bro. Leyden, 1788. It i* certain however that tlurct repaired to 

 Vtoice in 1664, where he became intimate with 1'aolo Manuxio. who 

 published several of his commentaries on the clsaaica. In 1656 he 

 accepted the invitation of Cardinal Ippolito d'Eale, and went to live 

 with htm at Kerrara, ai.d afterwards accompanied the cardinal to 

 Uou.e, from whence he r| sired to France with the pupal legate in 

 1662. In the followiug year he returned to Home, where he was 

 huhly esteemed by l'o| e Pius V. snd bis successor Gregory XIII. 



r&Ured into Loly order*, obtained several benefices, and was 

 appointed profeeior uf philosophy, and afterwards of civil law at 

 Uu.e. He died at Borne in 16b6. His principal works are.!, 

 Coiuneutario* de Orifine Juri* uientarius de Legibus, 



Seoatusque Conmltia, et longa Cousuetudine ; ' 3, CommenUrins in 

 Titulos ad MaUriam Juriadietioni* ptrtintntes ; ' 4, 'Moke in Justi- 

 iani iMtitntiones ; ' 6, 'Orationes.' Several of these are funeral 

 eulogies in the usual laudatory style of such compositions. In that 

 OB tbr occsaioii of the d-ath of Charles IX., king of France, delivered 

 at llome in 1674, ho praiw* that king for having extirpated heresy in 

 biskbfdoBL His 'Poemate' have grace and fluency, but little of 

 invention or poetical genius, excepting perhaps some of his epigram*. 

 But hU commeLtarisi and scholia upon Ari>totlu's ' Kti.ici and Uheto- 

 rie,' on Plato's ' llepublic.' on Cicero's ' Cotilinarias ' and Philippic >.-.' 

 OB Seneca's Kputl.s,' on Hallust and Tacitus, on Tereutius, Catullii', 

 and Honee, are talusble, as well a* his nineteen books ' Variaruui 

 Leetiouum ' of diftermt elaesieal author*. 



MCHILLO, BAKTULUMKU KSTEBAN, the most eminent artist 

 of the school of BevilU, aad the most distinguished oolourist of the 

 Spanish painter*, wss born at Seville in the year 1618. As he mani- 

 fested at a very osriy age an inclination to (tainting, ha was plsoed 

 under bis nocle. Juan del Castillo, an artist of merit, whose favourite! 

 sdbjeoU wire fairs and market*, and whose pupils, Alonso 

 Murillo, and Pedro Moya. rank as the best Andalusian artists. Under 

 him Morillo made rapid progress, and painted several pictures while 

 be remained with his uncle. After having him be continued to im- 

 prove IB drawing as well a* in painting. For some time he painted 

 in the Florentine style, which then prevailed in Spain, and aeveral 

 works of this hie first period are still pnserved at .Seville. In order 

 to improve himself in drawing, be was on the point of going to 

 ynglanil to see Vsndyck. when he beard of the death of that great 

 master. He then applied with grrat diligence to the painting of small 

 pictims of Mints, for the trade with America, by which be obtained 

 > uu.lertake, in 1643, a journey to Madrid. Here be 

 derived gnat advantage from the in<tr-.ciion of In* countryman Veloi- 



quea, who likewise obtained for him permission to copy the master- 

 pieces of Titian, liubens, Vsndyck, and Kibera, in the royal coll. 

 Returning to Seville in 1646, ho excited general nduiiration i 

 paintings in the < '- Francis. They were in the style of 



Spagnolcto (Jose Kibera) and Volazques, then unknown nt Seville, and 

 1 him many :n. He painted several liistori'-al picture* 



for the king of Spsin, which gained him great reputation in his own 

 count i y, and, being sent to Home as a present to the pope, fo highly 

 nlisinn the Italians, that they culled him a aeoond Paul Veronese. 

 He likewise painted many grand altar-pieces for the churches and 

 convent* in Madrid, Seville, Cordova, Cadiz, and Granada. Among 

 those are eight large pictures representing the works of Mercy, for the 

 church of St. Georpe in the hospital De la Caridad of Seville. which 

 are distinguished for their admirable composition and force of colour- 

 ing : two of tboeo works arc now iu thin country, in the oullectiou of 

 tin; Ihike of Sutherland, anil one in that of Mr. Tomliue. Other 

 equally excellent works adorned the ohurcU of l.o- Venerable* and 

 the Capucin Convent, lor which latter he painted twenty-eight pic- 

 tures, which were afterwards sent to America. Ho was engaged on 

 on altar-piece representing the 'Marriage of St, Catherine,' for the 

 Capucin convent at Cadiz, when he met with an accident on the 

 soaflol.ling, from which he never recovered, and he died at Seville, on 

 the 3rd of April 1CS5. 



Jiut though Munllo was thus eminent in the higher department* of 

 the art, his favourite subjects were beggar boys a* large a* life engaged 

 in various amusemeuU, which he generally designed after u 

 His picture* of such .-ubjeets are highly esteemed tor tin ir merit, and 

 may be seen iu the collections of the l-.u^lnm nobility ; but them are 

 numberless copies. Murillo excelled likewise iu portraits and land- 

 nc.ipis. HU works are distinguished by their striking oharui- 

 truth, nature, and simplicity ; ny the enure absence of the (servility of 

 imitation ; aud by tnu delicacy of hid touch, and the. mellowness of 

 his colouring, which iu fact neeui perfect in i very particular. Among 



t i/ic:uresare ' Uoses otriking the Uock,' and ' Christ i. 

 the 1'ivu Thousand, iu the eonvi-ut of St. Frtucia, at Seville; ami 

 'SI Anthony of 1'adua,' iu the cathedral of that city aud iu the 

 National Museum at Madrid. Many of his works are in France. Tim 

 Dresden Gallery hss a fine 'Virgin un.l Child' by his hand. Several 

 of his pictures are at Munich, aud others at Vienna, iu the possession 

 o!' i'riuce Eaterhazy. By the collection of sevtnl Muiillos from the 

 convents of Seville, a muoeum has boen formed iu the cathedral of 

 that city ; aud there are many more iu the Natiouul Museum at Madrid. 



Hire which Mmillu preferred to all his other works wu 

 of St. Thomas de Villa Nueva distributing Alms to the Sick and the 

 Poor.' ljutMurillo hoaalways been a favourite v..th KuglUu coll 

 and a Urge number of hut works, aud among them gome of the best, are 

 in this country ; they will bu found pretty fully noticed in \\'aageu' 

 .res of Art iu i u.' In the, Natitm.il (J.ulery are 



three Murillos a 'Spanish Peasant Koy,' a '.St. John aud the Lamb,' 

 and a ' Holy Family,' one of his latest works. Murillo raised the art 

 of painting iu Spain not only i>y Ms ouu works, but by fouudi 

 academy at Seville, of which he wan president from the year It: 

 his deaih. 



UUUl'HY, AUT11UU, a dramatic and miscellaneous writer, wa* 

 l-oru near Klphiu, in the county uf Koscommou, Ireland, l>e<< mlj ( r _7, 

 1730. His father was a merchant iu Dublin. In 1740 Arthur Murphy 

 was enteied at the college of .St. i in, : remained nearly seven 



yean, aud, on hi* return to Ireland, passed two years iu a merchant's 

 counting-house at Cork. From thence he came to London, aud 

 obtained a situation as clerk in a banking-house, thoitly alter which 

 he commenced his career as a public writer. Uu the '21b! 

 1752 he started 'The Gray's Inu Journal,' a periodical in the .->tylu of 

 the ' Spectator, w:.ich lie citnied ou to October 14 17.il. On the iMh 

 of the same month he tried his fortune as an u tor ou the stage of 

 i '.mnt Garden Theatre, and in the character of 'Othello.' llia.- 

 was but modulate, and after a second season, during which he acted 

 at Drury l.ane Theatre, he quitted the boards for ever, aud n 

 his former occupation as a writer by commencing a periodical political 

 journal called ' The Tent.' He also began to study the law, but was 

 refused admission to the societies of the Tempi >}'s Inn on 



the ground of bis having been an actor. Ha (succeeded finally iu 

 obtaining admission to Lincoln's Inu, was called to the bar, apj" 

 a co;nim-Kion. r of bankrupts, aud died at Kuightsbri ige, Jun 

 , tilth year of his age. His principal works u 



tr.inslution of T.iutu-, which is in a diffuse style, aud in a somewhat 

 loose an. I inaccurate pnfonnance; th Liven of Fielding (whose works 

 he edited), Johnson, aud Garrick, and upwards of twenty dramatic 

 pieces. The most esteemed of his dramatic pieces are thu couicdi N v 

 of 'The Way to Keep Him,' 'All iu the Wrung,' ' Know your own 

 Mind,' and 'Three Weeks after Marriage.' His plays, poems, an 1 

 miscellanies, iu seven volumes octavo, edited by hiuuclf, were published 

 in 17 



MUliPHY, JA.V \\A11, architect, the author of 'The 



Arabian Antiquities of Spain,' appear* to have been thu same indi- 

 vidual as .ia .. Murphy, thu author of works on >d iu 



anti<|iiitiu, though tlio occurred. of the name of .1. lines Murphy 

 without the Cavanah, earli> .-t iu date, .1 an 



7ppoaite conclusion. We know little of his lilV 





