431 



WALKEll, CLEMENT. 



WALKER, UBV. GEOKGE. 



492 



1778, his strictures on an account of the same voyage, which had been 

 published by John George Forster, who, with his father, had sailed 

 with the expedition as naturalist. [FoKSTEK, J. li.; FOBSTER, J. G.] 

 In this work the accusations made by the elder Forster against the 

 captain and his officers are shown to be entirely without foundation. 



In 1776 Mr. Wales again embarked with Captain Cook in the Reso- 

 lution, on the third voyage of that navigator to the Pacific Ocean : he 

 returned with the expedition in 1780 ; and soon afterwards, on the 

 death of Mr. Harris, he was appointed mathematical master of Christ's 

 Hospital. He was subsequently made secretary to the Board of Lon- 

 gitude ; and both these posts he filled with credit till his death, 

 which happened iu the year 1798, when he was about sixty-four years 

 of age. 



He published, in 1781, 'An Enquiry concerning the Population of 

 England and Wales ; ' and in 1788, 'Astronomical Observations made 

 in the Voyages of Byron, Wallis, Carteret, and Cook,' 4to, London. 



In 1739 the French captain De Bouvet had discovered, to the south 

 of the Cape of Good Hope, an island, to which he gave the name of 

 He Bouvet, or Cap Circoncision ; but its geographical position being 

 erroneously stated, Captain Cook, in his voyages to the south, had 

 been unable to find it, and he was led to suspect that the French 

 Beaman had mistaken some bank of ice for an island. On this occasion 

 Lemonnier ungenerously stated, in a paper which was read at a sitting 

 of the Academic des Sciences, that Cook from jealousy had sought for 

 the island under a meridian different from that which had been 

 assigned to it ; and Mr. Wales published a pamphlet in which the 

 statement is disproved. The island, or cape, is now supposed to 

 have been that which was, in 1808, discovered by the Swan and the 

 Otter in 54 20' S. lat. and about 2 E. long, from Greenwich. 



Mr. Wabs is said to have been the author of the dissertation on the 

 achronychal rising of the Pleiades, which is annexed to Dr. Vincent's 

 ' Voyage of Nearchus.' 



WALKER, CLEMENT, is known as the author of a work entitled 

 ' The History of Independency,' the first part of which was published 

 in a small 4to, under the pseudonyme of Theophilus Verax in 1648, 

 in two editions, one much more extended than the other ; the second 

 (a much more considerable volume) in 1649 ; the third, under the 

 title of ' The High Court of Justice, or Cromwell's New Slaughter 

 House,' in 1651. A fourth part, by a different writer, who calls him- 

 self ' T. M., Esq., a Lover of his King and Country," appeared in 1661, 

 along with a reprint of the other three parts, in which the second 

 has the new title of ' Anarchia Anglicana.' In this edition the work 

 is entitled ' The Compleat History of Independency.' The first part 

 has been reprinted by Baron Maseres, in his ' Select Tracts relating to 

 the Civil Wars,' 2 vols. 8vo, 1815. 



The little that is known of the personal history of Clement Walker 

 is chiefly to be found ia Wood's ' Athense Oxoniensis' and in his own 

 work. He was born at Cliffe, in Dorsetshire, towards the close of the 

 16th century, and there he appears to have spent the early part of 

 his life : the register of that parish, according to Hutchins, in his 

 ' History of Dorsetshire,' records the births or baptisms of three sous 

 of Mr. Clement Walker and Frances his wife : Thomas in 1626, 

 Antony in 1629, Peter in 1681. Wood mentions another son, John, 

 " sometime a commoner of Lincoln College," Oxford. This John told 

 Wood that his father had studied at Christchurch in that university, 

 but no record of his matriculation there remained. Before the 

 breaking out of the contest between the king and the parliament, he 

 lived, Wood tells us, on an estate he had at Charterhouse, near Wells, 

 in Somersetshire, and held the appointment of usher of the Exchequer. 

 At this time he was reputed both a sound royalist and a good church- 

 man, holding puritanism as well as dissent in avowed dislike. Never- 

 theless, when matters came to a crisis he declared himself for the 

 popular party, and was on that profession returned as one of the 

 members for the city of Wells to the memorable second parliament 

 of 1640. But notwithstanding what is thus asserted by the Oxford 

 antiquary, we must not too hastily assume that Walker at this time 

 really changed either his professions or his principles. He appears to 

 have continued to the end of his life attached to the monarchical part 

 of the constitution, and he had probably been from the first opposed to 

 the excesses of prerogative. In parliament he necessarily acted with 

 the Presbyterians, as on the whole coming nearest, in the course they 

 followed, to his own principles, and his ability and reputation for 

 integrity soon acquired him considerable ascendancy with his party. 

 But his book is by no means, as it has been generally represented, an 

 indiscriminating defence and laudation of that section of the house. 

 He is however, it must be admitted, unsparingly acrimonious in his 

 castigation of the dominant Independent faction, and can see nothing 

 but hypocrisy, fraud, violence, and the destruction alike of all order 

 and liberty in the proceedings of Cromwell and his associates. Yet 

 his work has preserved a good many minute facts not elsewhere to 

 be found ; and although the author sees no sense, and no good of any 

 kind, either to the right hand or to the left of the middle way in 

 which he and his friends attempted to walk, it throws a considerable, 

 though it may be a highly-coloured, light on the events and characters 

 of the time. Walker also published anonymously several other short 

 tracts against the . republican government, a list of which, so far as 

 they are known, may be seen in Wood : the most important of them 

 are incorporated in his History. His authorship of that work was 



BIOU. DIY, VOL. VI. 



discovered soon after the appearance of the second part, upon which 

 he was immediately consigned by Cromwell to the Tower, but he 

 was not debarred the use of his weapon, the pen, and while in con- 

 finement he wrote and sent to the press the third part of his History, 

 which, as may be conjectured from the title, ia the moat violent 

 portion of it. In fact he never recovered his liberty, but died in the 

 Tower, in October 1651. 



Walker was one of the two prosecutors (William. Prynne being the 

 other) of Colonel Fiennes before the council of war, at St. Albans, in 

 November 1643, for the surrender of Bristol. (See the proceedings 

 in 'State Trials,' iv. 185.) Lord Clarendon upon this occasion 

 describes Walker as "a gentleman of Somersetshire, of a good fortune, 

 and by the loss of that the more provoked; who had been in the 

 town when it was lost, and had strictly observed all that was done." 



WALKER, SIR EDWARD, ia said to have been the son of a 

 Roman Catholic gentleman, Edward Walker of Roobera, in Nether- 

 stowey, Somersetshire. In early life he appears to have held some 

 office in the household of Thomas, twentieth Earl of Arundel (the 

 collector of the Arundelian Marbles), by whose interest he was 

 made in 1637 Rouge Dragon Pursuivant-at-Arms in ordinary, 

 and Chester Herald-at-Arms; and, having accompanied the Earl of 

 Arundel as his secretary on the expedition to Scotland in 1639, he 

 then became known to Charles L, who, after taking him into his 

 service, made him his secretary-at-war, and to that added, in June 

 1644, the appointment of clerk extraordinary of the privy council. 

 In this latter year also, while he was with the king at Oxford, the 

 university conferred on him the degree of M.A. ; and, in 1645, he 

 received the honour of knighthood. After the execution of his royal 

 master, Walker fled to Charles II., whom he accompanied to Scotland 

 in 1650, and, after the failure of that enterprise, rejoined on the 

 Continent. Charles, during his exile, made him Garter King at Arms ; 

 and after the Restoration, he was appointed one of the clerks of the 

 privy council. Both these offices he held till his death, at Whitehall, 

 19th February 1677. 



Walker is several times mentioned by Lord Clarendon, whom he is 

 said to have assisted in the parts of his history which relate to military 

 transactions. 



In 1705 there was published in London a folio volume, entitled 

 ' Historical Discourses upon several occasions, by Sir Edward Walker, 

 Knight, &c.' It is dedicated to the queen in an address signed Hugh 

 Clopton, and there is also a dedication of the Discourses by Walker 

 himself, " to his grandchild, Edward Clopton, Esq. of Clopton," dated 

 1664, followed by a postscript, dated 1674, at Clopton, near Stratford- 

 on-Avon, directing them to be made public after his death. It is 

 quite clear that all the Discourses were printed for the first time in 

 1705. In 1820 was published, in London, in an 8vo volume of 131 

 pages, with plates, ' A Circumstantial Account of the Preparations for 

 the Coronation of his Majesty King Charles the Second, and a minute 

 detail of that splendid ceremony, &c., from an original manuscript by 

 Sir Edward Walker, Knight, Garter principal King at Arms at that 

 period.' 



The common biographical accounts attribute to Sir Edward Walker 

 a work on tactics, entitled ' Military Discoveries,' published in folio, 

 in 1705; and also the following works, which are stated to have ap- 

 peared in his lifetime, but the dates of none of which arc given : 

 ' Iter Carolinum, being a succinct account of the necessitated marches, 

 retreats, and sufferings of his Majesty King Charles I., from January 



10, 1641, to the time of his death, in 1648, collected by a daily attend- 

 ant upon his sacred Majesty during all that time,' folio ; ' Acts of 

 Knights of the Garter in the Civil Wars;' 'Account of the Celebra- 

 tion of St. George's Day at Windsor in 1674.' We have not been able 

 to ascertain the existence of any of these alleged works. The sub- 

 stance of the ' Iter Caroliuum," however, appears to be contained in 

 the ' Historical Discourses,' the first of which is entitled ' The History, 

 Progress, and Success of the Arms of King Charles I., from 30 March 

 to 23 November 1644, written by his Majesty's special command, and 

 corrected almost in every page with his own hand ; ' and the second, 

 ' Memorials of his Majesty's unfortunate success in the year following.' 

 The seventh discourse is entitled 'Observations on L'Estrange's 

 Aunals of Charles I. ; ' and the eighth is a Review of the entire reign 

 of that king. The third is a ' Journal of the Expedition of Charles 



11. to Scotland in 1650-51.' The fourth discourse is entitled ' The Life 

 and Actions of Thomas Howard, Earl of Arundel and Surrey.' The 

 fifth professes to be a full answer to William Lilly's ' Monarchy or No 

 Monarchy ; ' and the sixth consists of ' Observations ' upon the incon- 

 veniences of the frequent promotions to titles of honour since the 

 accession of James I. 



WALKER, REVEREND GEORGE, the heroic defender of Lon- 

 donderry, was born of English parents in the county of Tyrone in 

 Ireland, and, after being educated in the University of Glasgow, took 

 orders in the established Church, and became rector of Donoughmore. 

 When King James landed in Ireland after the revolution, Walker 

 raised a regiment at his own expense to oppose him. On the approach 

 of James to Londonderry, he went out to meet him at the head of a 

 body of troops at Long Causeway, but after a resolute defence was 

 obliged to retire into the town, which he found Lundie, the governor, 

 preparing in all haste to leave. Destitute as the place was of all 

 apparent means of standing a siege, Walker and Major Baker, who had 



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