611 



WALTHER, BALTHASAR. 



WALTHER, MICHAEL. 



512 



Great improvements have since been made by the late Professor 

 Edward Cowper and others, in the machines for printing books as well 

 as newspapers. About 12,000 per hour is the number now printed 

 of 'The Times,' and the total number per day is upwards of 50,000. 



Mr. Walter married in 1818. Having purchased a fine estate in 

 Berkshire, he became a candidate for the representation of that county 

 in December 1832, and was returned. He was re-chosen in 1835, but 

 in 1837 resigned bis seat in consequence of the opinions of tho majority 

 of those who had elected him being opposed to his own on the 

 question of the new Poor Laws. In 1840 he offered himself for the 

 borough of Southwark, but was rejected. In April 1841 he was 

 returned for the borough of Nottingham, and at the general election 

 the same year announced himself as a candidate, but in consequence 

 of serious rioting, withdrew half an hour before the poll was opened. 

 He died July 28, 1847, at his residence, Printing-House Square, Black- 

 friars, London. 



* JOHN WALTER, son of the late Jobn Walter, and his successor in 

 the proprietorship and management of 'The Times,' was born in 1818 

 in London. He was educated at Eton College and at Exeter College, 

 Oxford, where he took the degrees of B.A. in 1840, and M.A. in 1843. 

 In 1847 he was called to the bar of Lincoln's Inn. In 1843 he con- 

 tested the borough of Nottingham, without success, but was returned 

 for it in 1847, and has since continued to represent it as a moderate 

 Liberal. He conducts 'The Times' on the principles of his father, 

 and with undiminished success. 



WALTHER, BALTHASAR, Latinised WALTHERUS or GUALTERUS, 

 was born at Allendorf in Thuringia in the latter part of the 16th 

 century. He studied divinity at Jena, and paid great attention to 

 classical and oriental languages. He was appointed professor of 

 Greek and Hebrew at Jena, and subsequently became superintendent 

 of the Lutheran church in the duchy of Saxe-Gotha, and in the duchy 

 of Brunswick-Wolfenbiittel. He died at Brunswick on the 15th of 

 November 1640. He is the author of, 1, 'Diatriba elenctica de Con- 

 stantini Magni Baptismo, Donatione, et Legatione ad Concilium Nicae- 

 nutu, contra Baroninus ; ' 2, ' Problemata Hebraica, Chaldaica, Syriaca, 

 Graeca ; ' 3, ' De Papae Primatu ef Anti-Christo ; ' 4, ' Lutherus 

 natus, denatus, a Papicolarum Calumniis vindicatus ; ' 5, ' Vierzig 

 Fragen von der Seelrn Urstand, Essenz, Wesen, Natur und Eigen- 

 schaft, wider Jacob Bohmen.' This work is a refutation of the doc- 

 trines of the celebrated theosophist Jacob Bohmen. The Life of 

 Walther is not in Freherus, ' Theatrum Virorum eruditione clarorum,' 

 as Jocher pretends, in his ' Allgemeines Gelehrten-Lexicon.' 



(Comp. Zeumerus, Vitae Profcssorum Jenensium.) 



WALTHER, CHRISTIAN, was probably born in Hesse, in the 

 beginning of the 16th century. He studied divinity, took orders, and 

 lived a considerable time in a convent in Germany, the name of which 

 is unknown. He afterwards left his convent and adopted the Pro- 

 testant faith. Having settled at Wittenberg, ho became acquainted 

 with several of the great Protestant divines of the 16th century, such 

 as Flacius, Rorarius (Rorer), Aurifaber (Goldschmid), and Anisdorf, 

 who esteemed him for his extensive learning. He also became ac- 

 quainted with the celebrated printer Hans Lufft, in whose office he 

 was employed as corrector of the press for thirty-four years. He was 

 the sub-editor of the Wittenberg edition of the works of Luther, 

 which edition was attacked by the divines assembled at Jena for the 

 purpose of publishing another edition ; they charged Walther with 

 having purposely altered several passages so as to make them an 

 instrument in the hands of the Calvinists for their attacks against 

 Luther. The celebrated Amsdorf (the bishop) attacked Walther in a 

 pamphlet entitled ' Dass die zu Wittenberg im andern Theil der 

 Biicher Lutheri im Buch, dass diese Worte, Das ist mein Leib, noch 

 feste stehen, mehr denn ein Blat und 4 gantze Paragraphos vorsetzlich 

 ausgelassen haben.' He was likewise attacked by Flacius. Walther 

 was not the man to pass over such an accusation in silence; he 

 defended himself in a pamphlet, 'Bericht von denen Wittenbergischen 

 Tomis der Biicher des ehrwiirdigen Martin Luthers, wider Matthes 

 Flacium Illyricum,' 4to, Wittenberg, 1558. Mayerus, in his work, 

 ' De Versione Bibliorum Lutheri ' (c. 4. par. 53), says that the accu- 

 sations directed against Walther were unfounded, though it appeared 

 that the Wittenberg edition was sometimes incorrect, a reproach 

 however to which the Jena edition was likewise liable. Another 

 polemical pamphlet of Walther was, 1, ' Antwort auf die Flacianische 

 Liigen und falschen Bericht wider die Haua-Postill Dr. Luthers.' He 

 also wrote, 2, ' Bericht vom Unterschied der Biblien und anderer 

 Biicher Lutheri ; ' 3, ' Register aller Bucber und Schi ifften Lutheri, 

 welche in die XI. Teutsche Theil uud VII. Lateinische zu Witten- 

 berg getruckt sind. Item, welche in dem 12ten Theil getruckt 

 werden sollen, nach diesem Register vezreichnet,' 4to, Wittenberg, 

 1558. Walther died about 1572, but Zeltner says that the precise 

 date of his death has never been ascertained. 



(Zeltnerus, Theatrum Virorum Eruditorum, p. 542, &c. ; Correctorum 

 in Typoyraphis Eruditorum Cenluria, p. 542, &c.) 



WALTHER, CHRISTIAN, a German divine of considerable merit, 

 was born in 1655, at Norkittcn, not far from Konigsberg, where he 

 began his academic studies, which he continued at Leipzig, and finished 

 at Jena. He took his degree of M.A. at Jena, in 1C77, and returned 

 to his native country, where he held several ecclesiastical offices. In 

 1701 he was chosen member of the Academy of Science at Berlin, and 



in 1702 the faculty of Fraukfurt-on-the-Oder conferred upon him the 

 title of D.D. In 1703 he was appointed ordinary professor of divinity 

 in the University of Konigsberg, and in the following year he was 

 invested with the office of inspector of the synagogue of the Jews in 

 that town. During some time he was Rector Maguificus of the Uni- 

 versity of Konigsberg, where he died in 1717. His principal works 

 are, 1, 'Tractatus de Cultu Divino sanctuarii Veteris Testament!, 

 quein stando fieri oportebat ; ' 2, ' De Duabus Tabulis Lapideis ; ' 3, 

 ' De quatuor Poenarum generibus apud Hebraeos ; ' 4, ' Disputationea 

 VIII. de Pluralitate personarum in Divinis, ex Genes! (i. 26) ;' 5, 

 ' Disputationes III. de ingressu Sacerdotis summi solemn Expiationia 

 die in Sanctum Sanctorum ; ' 6, ' Programmata V. de Semine Abrahaa 

 in quo benedicuntur Omnes Gentes.' Walther also published the 

 beginning of the work of Moses Maimonidea ou Circumcision, with 

 note.? and a Latin translation. 



WALTHER, CHRISTOPH THEODOSIUS, was born at Schild- 

 berg, in Brandenburg, in 1699, and studied divinity at Halle. Frederic 

 IV., king of Denmark, having applied to the faculty of Halle for the 

 purpose of obtaining some young theologians who would go as mis- 

 sionaries to the Danish possessions in East India, Walther accepted 

 the invitation. He went accordingly to Copenhagen in 1705, accom- 

 panied by Henry Pliitschow and the celebrated Bartholomew Ziegen- 

 balg. They arrived at Tranquebar on the 9th of July 1706, and until 

 then the Danes had not succeeded in propagating Christianity beyond 

 the narrow limits of that colony. Walther, after having learned 

 Portuguese, with Tamul and several other Indian dialects, visited the 

 whole coast of Coromandel, and his pious zeal was rewarded with 

 great success. He founded the missionary establishment of Maju- 

 baram. From 1735 his health suffered much in consequence of an 

 endemic fever. He returned to Europe in 1740. Before he reached 

 Denmark, he died at Dresden on the 27th of April 1741. Walther 

 published ' Nachrichten von dem Tranquebarischeu Missions- Wesen,' 

 1726; 'The Way of Salvation,' in Tamul, Tranquebar, 1727, 12mo, 

 1731 : this work is sometimes cited under the title of ' Refutation of 

 Mohammedanism ; ' ' An Abridgment of Ecclesiastical History,' in 

 Tamul, Tranquebar, 1735; ' Observationes Grammatics quibus Linguae 

 Tamulicse Idioma vulgare illustratur,' Tranquebar, 8vo, 1739; ' Doc- 

 trica Temporum Indica ex Libris Indicis et Brahmarum cum Parali- 

 pomeuis recentioribus,' in Bayer's 'Historia Regni Bactriani; ' ' Ellipses 

 Hebraicse, sive De Vocibus qure in Codici Hebraico per ellipsin suppri- 

 muntur,' published by Schottgen, Dresden, Svo, 1740. Walther con- 

 tributed to the Portuguese translation of the Bible, which is used on 

 the coast of Coromandel and in the Portuguese colonies. (Niecam- 

 pius, Historia Missionis Evangelicce in India Oricntali; comp. Schott- 

 gen, Commentarii de Vita et Agone Christiani Theodosii Waltheri, 

 Halle, 1743.) 



WALTHER, GEORG CHRISTOPH, a German jurisconsult, was 

 born in 1601, at Rothenburg, formerly an imperial town on the Tauber 

 in Franconia. In 1620 he went to Strasburg, where he studied law, 

 and in 1628 he took his degrees in law in the University of Altdorf. 

 In 1631 the senate of his native town appointed him president of the 

 chancery of justice, which office he held till his death, in 1656. As 

 Walther was well acquainted with the public law of Germany, several 

 princes and other members of the circle of Franconia employed him 

 as their representative during the different diplomatical transactions 

 which either preceded or followed the peace of Westphalia, in 1648. 

 He wrote: 1, ' Methodus Jura Studendi;' 2, 'Liber de Statu, 

 Juribus efc Privilegiis Doctorum ; ' 3, ' De Metatis et Hospit;vtionibu8 

 Militaribus ; ' 4:, 'De Renunciatione Successiouum vel Htcreditatis;' 

 5, 'Harmonia Theologico-Juridico-Politico-Phiiosophica,' which was 

 published after his death. 



WALTHER, HEINRICH A'NDREAS, born in 1696, at Kunigs- 

 berg in Hesse, became minister at Worms in 1729, and in 1733 he 

 was appointed minister at St. Catherine at Frankfurt on-the-Maiu. In 

 1741 the rank of senior of the Protestant clergy at Frankfurt was con- 

 ferred upon him, and in the same year the faculty of Giessen created 

 him doctor of theology. He died at Frankfurt in 1748. His principal 

 works are: 1, ' Disputatio ex Antiquitate Oriental! de Zabiis;' 2. 

 'Dissertatio de Dominio Hominia in Bruta, ex officiis ejus in hujus 

 Dominii exercitio observaudis ; ' 3, 'Fiusterniss bey dem vermeinten 

 Lichte der Romisch-Catholischen Lehre, gegeu ein von einem Jesuiten 

 heraus gegebenes Biichlein, genannt Licht in der Finsterniss ; ' 4, 

 ' Exegesis Epistolae Judae ; ' 5, ' Erste Griinde der Weisheit und 

 Tugend.' This book has been imitated by several later writers, and 

 has given birth to an excellent work for the use of children, entitled 

 ' Lehren der Weisheit und Tugend;' 6, ' Erliiuterter Katechismus.' 

 He edited and accompanied, with a preface the 'Frankfurter Cate- 

 chismus.' 



WALTHER, MICHAEL, born in 1593, was the son of John Walther, 

 a rich merchant and patrician at Niirnberg, who intended to bring his 

 son up to his business, for which purpose he sent him to a rich mer- 

 chant at Thas in Bohemia. Young Walther however disliked trade, 

 and his father had him educated for a scholar. In 1610 Walther 

 went to the university of Wittenberg, where he first studied medi- 

 cine, but he afterwards pursued theological studies at Giessen, Altdorf, 

 and Jena. In 1618, Elizabeth, Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbiittel, 

 appointed him her chaplain: and in 1C22 her son, Duke Julius 

 Frederic, gave him a chair of divinity in the university of Helmstiidt. 



