THE CARPEL AND OVULE 



253 



transverse section shows by its outline, by the arrangement of the 

 vascular strands, and by the position of the ovules that the compound 



FIG. 198. 



Whole gynoecium of Caltha, 

 consoling of many carpels, all 

 separate. 



FIG. 199. 



i 10. i 'ri. 



Pistil, or gynoecium of Lily, show- 

 ing the relative positions of ovary, 

 style, and stigma. F. O. B. 



structure is referable in origin to three fused leaves (Fig. 201). More- 

 over cases of partial fusion are found, for instance in Colchicum, where 

 the three carpels are fused below, but extend upwards as separate 



FIG. 200. 



Transverse section through the separate 

 carpels, composing the gynoecium of 

 (all ha. I-'. O.B. 



FIG. 201. 



Transverse section of the syncarpous 

 ovary of Lily, showing the three folded 

 carpellary leaves, bearing ovules on 

 thi-ir margins. F. O. B. 



styles. Their relative positions are, however, the same as of those 

 in the completely syncarpous Lily. Biologically the advantage of a 



