550- 



BOTANY OF THE LIVING PLANT 



Albuminous-seed, in which endosperm 

 persists till ripeness, 281 (Fig. 226). 



Alchemilla, somatic parthenogenesis 

 in, 477- 



Alder, root-tubercles of, 204. 



Aleurone-grains, 109 (Fig. 80). 



Aleurone-layer, in wheat, 545 (Fig. 



447)- 

 Algae, sea-" weeds " and fresh-water 



" weeds," 3 ; brown, 372 (Chap. 



xxiv.) ; green (Chap, xxv.) ; red, 



387 ; blue-green, 456. 

 Alisma, embryology of, 277 (Fig. 



219). 

 Allium, mycorhiza in, 197 ; somatic 



division of cells in, 20 (Fig. u), 



465 (Fig. 392). 



Allium cepa (Onion), somatic division 



in, 465 (Fig. 392), 541. 

 Allium ursinum, tetrad-division in, 



466 (Fig. 393). 

 Almond, analysis of, 544. 



Aloe, succulent leaf of, 63 ; stoma of, 



66 (Fig. 49). 

 Alopecurus, 504. 



Alpine flora, chiefly perennial, 163. 

 Alpine plants, xerophytic features of, 



178. 

 Alternation of Generations in seed 



plants, 299 ; in general, 479 (Chap. 



xxxii.). 



Amaryllidaceae, 492, 495. 

 Amoeba, 96 ; digestion by, 203. 

 Ampelopsis, adhesive climbing of, 



184 (Fig. 137). 

 Amphibians, organisms, whether 



plants or animals, which are depen- 

 dent on external fluid water for 



completion of their life-cycle, 3. 

 Amphithecium, external tract of cells 



in the young moss sporogonium, 



363 (Fig. 306). 

 Anabaena, 457. 

 Anaerobic organisms, those which live 



normally or can exist without 



access to atmospheric air, 115. 

 Analysis, of roots and shoots, 541 ; 



of legumes, 542 ; of fruits, 544 ; 



of cereal grains, 545. , 

 Anatomy, 16. 

 Anatropous, the inverted form of 



ovule, 259 (Fig. 206). 

 Andreaea, antheridium of (Fig. 303) ; 



archegonium of (Fig. 304). 

 Androecium, applied collectively to 



all the stamens of a single flower, 



221. 



Anemone, mycorhiza in, 197 ; abortive 



ovules of, 286 (Fig. 228). 

 Aneura, sporogonium of, 368 (Fig. 



312). 

 Angiosperms, seed-plants with their 



seeds protected by carpels, 3, 5. 

 i Animal agency, in pollination, 265, 



266 (Fig. 210) ; in seed-dispersal, 



292, 294. 

 Animal kingdom, establishment of, 



375 ; nutrition of, 4. 

 Annual habit, applied to plants which 



germinate and develop flower and 



fruit in one season, 162. 

 , Annual rings, 52. 

 Anterior-side, that side of a flower 



which faces the bract, 229. 

 Anther, the part of stamen bearing 



pollen-sacs, 245 (Fig. 191). 

 Antheridia, of ferns, 342 (Fig. 284) ; 



of mosses, 359, 360 (Fig. 303) ; of 



Oedogonium, 193 (Fig. 331) ; of 



Pythium, 409 ^Fig. 344), 416 ; of 



Oomycetes, 410, 420, 422 (Fig. 



357) ; of Ascomycetes, 434 ; of 



Fucus, 383 (Fig. 324) ; of Vau- 



cheria, 397. 

 Antheridial mother-cell, a cell within 



the pollen-grain of flowering plants 



which divides to form the male 



gametes, 247 (Fig. 194), 269. 

 Anthoceroteae, 367. 

 Anthostema, 222 (Fig. 169), 515. 

 Anthrax bacillus, effect of light on, 



459- 



Anticlinal, applied to cell walls, or 

 lines of cell- walls which run approxi- 

 mately at right angles to the outer 

 surface of the part, 19 (Fig. 10) ; 

 these cut the periclinal walls at 

 right angles. 



Antipodal cells, a group usually of 

 three primordial cells attached at 

 the chalazal end of the embryo-sac, 

 260 (Fig. 206), 262 (Fig. 209) ; 

 after fertilisation, 279 (Fig. 221). 

 j Antithetic alternation, 479, 481. 

 j Apical cell, in ferns, 333. 



Apical meristems, of Ferns, 333 

 (Figs. 274, 276). 



Apium graveolens .(Celery), analysis 

 of, 541 ; origin of, 542. 



Aplanospores, non-motile propaga- 

 tive spores of Algae, 398. 



Apocarpous, applied to the gynoecium 

 when composed of separate carpels, 

 25^ (Fig. 200), 285. 





