574 



BOTANY OF THE LIVING PLANT 



Scarlet-Runner, twining stem of, 182. 

 Schoenus, construction of stem, 43, 44 



(Fig. 29), 153. 

 Scion, a bud or graft inserted on a 



stock, 218. 

 Scirpus, mechanical structure of stem, 



153 (Fig- m)- 



Sclereids, stone-cells, 144 (Fig. 104). 

 Sclerenchyma, hard mechanical tissue, 



143, 144 ; of sunflower, 146 (Fig. 



105) ; of Ferns, 329 (Fig. 269). 

 Sclerotic cells, with thick woody 



walls, 145 ; of Hakea, 66 (Fig. 50). 

 Sclerotia, hard storage- masses of 



fungal tissue, 405, 436 (Fig. 369). 

 Sclerotinia, varying virulence of, 



204 ; 406, 407. 

 Scots Pine (or Scotch Fir), e,ctotrophic 



mycorhiza of, 194, 195 ; characters 



of, 302 ; Chap, xix ; mycorhizic, 



304- 



Screw Pine, stem of, 56. 



Scrophularia, vascular strand of, 37 

 (Fig. 23), 39 (Fig. 24) ; abortion of 

 fifth stamen, 234-5 (Fig. 183) ; 

 flower of, 529 (Fig. 436). 



Scrophulariaceae, meiomery in, 235 

 (Figs. 183, 184) ; flower of, 529 

 (Figs. 436, 437) 



Scutellum, suctorial organ of grass- 

 embryo, 504 (Fig. 407). 



Seaweeds, red, 387 ; brown, 377. 



Season, biology of, 162. 



Secale (Rye), analysis of, 547 ; origin 

 of, 548. 



Secondary growth, by activity of 

 cambium, 46, 49 (Fig. 36) ; of root, 

 80 (Figs. 63, a b). 



Sedge (Carex), stems of, 159 (Fig. 120); 

 leaf -arrangement of, 171 ; flowers 

 of, 492, 502 (Fig. 405). 



Sedum, spiral arrangement of leaves, 

 170 (Fig. 128). 



Seed, the result of maturing of a 

 megasporangium or ovule, detached 

 at ripeness, having an embryo with- 

 in : 5, 222, 274, 486 ; structure of, 

 283 ; dispersal ' of, 284, 287 ; 

 reduction in number of, 286 ; 

 increase in number, 286 ; of 

 Neottia, 202 (Fig. 154) ; winged 

 of Bignoniaceae, 290 (Fig. 235) 



Seed- coat, the covering of the seed 

 developed from the integuments, 

 6, 282 (Fig. 224) ; of Coniferae, 307. 



Seed-habit, origin and prevalence of, 

 486. 



Seed-leaves, the first leaves or Coty- 

 ledons formed on an embryo, 7. 



Seed-Plants, 2, 5. 



Segregation, theory of, 241. 



Segregation of chromosomes in tetrad- 

 division, 469 (Fig. 394, B) ; Men- 

 delian, 472 ; referable to the 

 development of the gametes, 475. 



Selaginella, 316-325 (Figs. 258-265) ; 

 heterospory in, 486. 



Semi-permeable membrane, 25, 86. 



Semolina, granules of endosperm of 

 wheat, sifted out in milling, 547. 



Senecio, chromoplasts in petal of, 

 244 (Fig. 190) ; flower of, 535. 



Sensitive filaments of Centaurea, 537 

 (Fig- 443)- 



Sensitive plant (Mimosa), movements 

 of, 129 (Fig. 91). 



Sepals, the outermost series of floral 

 parts, constituting the calyx, 221 ; 

 structure of, 244. 



Septate structure, of plants, 141 

 (Fig. i oo). 



Sequoia, Big Tree of California 

 (Frontispiece), p. 303. 



Seta, stalk of the capsule in Mosses, 

 362 (Figs. 296, 305). 



Sex, 461 (Chap, xxxi.) ; functions of, 

 464. 



Sex-difference, reflected back to 

 sporophyte, 491. 



Sexual-differentiation, in Algae, 401 ; 

 462, 463. 



Sexual fusion, 461, 480. 



Sexual organs, of Ferns, 341 (Figs. 

 283, 284, 285) ; of Mosses, 360 

 (Figs. 303, 304 ) ; of Fucus, 384 

 (Figs. 324, 325) ; of Fungi, 409 

 (Fig. 344) ; of Ascomycetes, 429. 



Sexual reproduction, its difference 

 from vegetative propagation, 212. 



Shelf Fungi, parasitism of, 404, 441, 

 452 (Fig. 388). 



Shepherd's Purse (Capsella), curved 

 ovule of, 258, 276 (Fig. 218) ; 

 embryo of, 275 (Figs. 217, 218). 



Shoot, a morphological unit, made 

 up of a stem bearing leaves later- 

 ally, and in acropetal succession, 7 ; 

 shoot-system, 8 ; symmetry of, 167. 



Sibbaldia, floral diagram of, 232 

 (Fig. 182). 



Sicyos, tendril of, 183 (Fig. 136). 



Sieve-plate, the perforated area of 

 wall of a sieve-tube, 38, 42 (Figs. 

 26, 27). 



