DOMESTIC ANIMALS. 97 



is asserted by very competent observers that about 5 

 per cent, of the cattle in this country are affected with 

 this disease. It is usually propagated by the germs be- 

 ing inhaled into the lungs with the air. It is also pro- 

 pagated by the germs being taken into the stomach 

 with the food or water. In stables where a large num- 

 ber of cattle are kept it is very liable to spread if there 

 is an infected cow in the herd. It is not nearly so fatal 

 in cattle as in man. It is only when a considerable sur- 

 face of the lungs or some other organ becomes invol- 

 ved that disease will be suspected. In the first stages 

 of the disease not even an expert could detect it unless 

 he should by chance find the germs in the discharge 

 from the nostrils, that is, if there is such a discharge. 

 The disease sometimes attacks the udder and teats of 

 cows. The germs are then frequently found in the milk it- 

 self, rendering the latter dangerous to the health of 

 calves or human beings that partake of it. The disease 

 also occasionally attacks the joints of cows, causing 

 them to ulcerate. The cow becomes emaciated and 

 either dies or has to be killed. When the lungs become 

 badly affected there will be a cough and often a dis- 

 charge from the nostrils. If several cows should show 

 these symptoms, tuberculosis will very probably be pre- 

 sent, and an expert should be immediately called in to 

 discover, if possible, how far the disease has progressed 

 in the herd. 



TETANUS LOCK-JAW. 



THIS disease usually follows wounds, especially punc- 

 tured wounds, and more especially the wound called, 



7 



