xxxv lii 



DIARY OF EVENTS 1912 



ment that he is not in favour of a "single tax." Opening 

 of Danish Parliament. Turkish Govt. announce willing- 

 ness to apply Law of the Vilayets of Turkey in Europe 

 (1880), drawn up in agreement with the International Com- 

 mission for Eastern Rumelia, for reform of abuses. Essad 

 Pasha and nine battalions of Turkish troops sent to Tuzi. 

 Trial of Police Lt. Becker for murder of Rpsenthal begins 

 in New York. St. Paul's Protestant Episcopal church 

 Boston, Mass., U.S.A., proclaimed a cathedral. 



8. Montenegro declares war on Turkey, and attacks 

 Turkish fortress of Detchitch opposite Podgoritza; fighting 

 also reported near Berane. Austro-Hungarian and Rus- 

 sian Governments present Note, in name of Powers, to 

 Balkan States. Archbishop of Canterbury speaks at 

 Cardiff against Welsh Church Disestablishment. At 

 Lexington, Ky., new world's trotting record of a mile in 

 1.58 is established by "Uhlan." 



9. King Nicholas of Montenegro issues proclamation 

 calling upon all Montenegrins to join in ' holy war " against 

 Turkey; Montenegrins capture Detchitch. Rumania 

 assures Bulgarian Govt. that she will maintain neutrality. 

 - The Anarchist, Alba, sentenced in Rome to 30 years' im- 

 prisonment (7 in solitary confinement) for attempt on life 

 of King Victor Emmanuel III (see March 14). Mr. Bal- 

 four speaks at Haddington on Home Rule Bill. Inter- 

 national Congress on Archaeology opens in Rome. Fight- 

 ing nar Derna, Tripoli, results in repulse of Turks and 

 Italian occupation of Sidi Abdallah district. Express 

 carriers ordered by U.S. Interstate Commerce Commission 

 to show cause why proposed rates should not be made effec- 

 tive (see July 15). 7Sth anniversary of founding of 

 Mount Holyoke College U.S.A.; $500,000 endowment fund 

 announced as over-subscribed. 



10. Powers, through Austro-Hungarian Embassy, pre- 

 sent joint Note to Turkish Government, pressing scheme of 

 reforms. Mr. Bonar Law's amendment to guillotine 

 resolutions for Home Rule Bill in British House of Com- 

 mons negatived by 323 votes to 232. Mr. George Wynd- 

 ham speaks at Limerick on Unionist policy for Ireland. - 

 Centenary of Drury Lane Theatre, London, celebrated. - 

 Kagelmann, formerly of German navy, sentenced at 

 Leipzig to six years' penal servitude for espionage. 

 Anniversary of revolution celebrated in China. German 

 army airship M3 destroyed by fire, and airships Mi and 

 Mz damaged. Fighting near Derna in Tripoli; Turks 

 repulsed, Italians lose 12 killed and 83 wounded. Termi- 

 nation of general strike on Spanish railways. Nobel prize 

 for medicine awarded to Dr. Alexis Carrel, Rockefeller 

 Institute, New York. Rice Institute, Houston, Texas, 

 dedicated. Federal court, Tacoma, Washington, U.S.A., 

 finds C. E. Houston and John H. Bullock guilty of con- 

 spiracy to defraud government on Alaska coal contracts. 



11. Montenegrins take Skiptchanik, near Tuzi, Albania. 

 Malissori revolt against Turkey, and attack Turkish 

 army in rear. Reported that peace negotiations between 

 Italy and Turkey are broken off; Italian Ceet ordered to 

 Aegean Sea. Rumanian Cabinet crisis. Debate in Brit- 

 ish House of Commons on Government motion for appoint- 

 ing Select Committee to enquire into agreement between 

 Marconi Wireless Telegraph Co. and British Postmaster- 

 General. Prince of Wales begins residence in Oxford as 

 commoner of Magdalen College. Mr. Bonar Law speaks 

 on recent by-elections at dinner of Constitutional Club, 

 London. Resignation of Herr Kaempf, President of 

 German Reichstag. United States pays Canada 40,000 

 as compensation under Fur Seal Convention of ion. 

 New Zealand Defence Bill passes second reading in House 

 of Representatives. 



12. Heavy fall on London, Paris, Berlin, Vienna and 

 other stock exchanges in consequence of prospective \yar 

 in the Balkans. Sultan of Turkey issues proclamation 

 ordering general mobilisation. British battleship "Iron 

 Duke" launched at Portsmouth by Duchess of Westmin- 

 ster. New Chinese province formed in West Szechuan 

 and Eastern Tibet, named Hsikangseng, with capital 

 Baanfu (Batang). 



13. Bulgaria, Servia and Greece present identic notes 

 to the Turkish Charg6s d 'Affaires in Sofia, Belgrade and 

 Athens, demanding that Turkey shall within six months 

 grant autonomy to Macedonia. In reply to the Austro- 

 Russian note they repret that they cannot accept the safe- 

 guards which it proposes for Macedonian reform. 



14. Cretan Deputies admitted to Greek Chamber. 

 Turkish force enters Servin; engagement near Ristovatz. 

 Tuzi surrenders to Montenegrins under Crown Prince 

 Danilo. Small Turkish force enters Bulgaria, south of 

 Philippopolis. Turkish Government, in reply to Note of 

 the Powers, deny that Treaty of Berlin is applicable to 

 present situation and repudiate foreign intervention. 



OCT. 8-OcT. 21 



Mr. Roosevelt shot at and wounded at Milwaukee, Wise., 

 by fanatic named John Schrank. Lord Chancellor admits 

 in House of Lords in reply to Lord Russell that liability 

 of husband to imprisonment for non-payal of wife's in- 

 come tax, as instanced in case of Mark Wilks, is indefensi- 

 ble, and promises amendment of law. Centenary of death 

 of Sir Isaac Brock, Canadian hero, celebrated in St. Paul 's 

 Cathedral, London. Robbery at jeweller's shop in Edg- 

 ware Road, London, by armed thieves who escape in a 

 taxi-cab. U.S. Interstate Commerce Commission decides 

 that freight rates from Boston on imported goods must 

 not be lower than from New York City. Pres. Taft re- 

 views 123 U.S. warships in the Hudson river. 



15. Preliminary peace agreement signed by Italian and 

 Turkish delegates at Ouchy, Switzerland. Turkish Govt. 

 decide to make no reply to Note from Balkan states, and 

 to recall Turkish Ministers from Sofia, Belgrade and, 

 Athens. Montenegrins capture positions on the Rogame 

 Heights. Turkish troops bombard and burn Kriva, near 

 Bulgarian frontier. British Legation at Peking refuses 

 to receive notification of London (Crisp) loan of 10,000- 

 poo to China. International Conference on time-reckon- 

 ing opens in Paris. Mr. Lloyd George severely heckled 

 in British House of Commons with regard to Land In- 

 quiry Committee. Order placing all U.S. fourth-class 

 postmasters in civil service signed by Pres. Taft. 



16. Montenegrins capture Berane. Turkish Ministers 

 leave Sofia and Belgrade. Prince Lichnowsky appointed 

 German Ambassador to Great Britain. New Zealand 

 Defence Bill passes Committee stage in House of Repre- 

 sentatives. Imperial Preference dinner at Grosvenor 

 House, London; Mr. A. Chamberlain and Mr. G. W'ynd- 

 ham speak. Typhoon kills nearly 1,000 persons in Cebu, 

 Philippine Is. Vera Cruz, Mexico, occupied by rebel force 

 under General Felix Diaz. International Art Congress 

 opens in Rome. Race for Cesarewitch at Newmarket 

 won by Mr. R. Sievier's "Warlingham." Copyright 

 treaty between U.S. and Hungary becomes effective (see 

 Jan. 30 and Sept. 19). Deciding game for world's base- 

 ball championship won by Boston American League team 

 over New York Nationals at Boston. 



17. Turkish Ministut leaves Athens. Turkey declares 

 war on Bulgaria and Servia. Bulgarian army advances 

 towards Mustafa Pasha pass. Secession of Mr. and Mrs. 

 Pethick Lawrence, Suffragist leaders, from Women's 

 Social and Political Union, London. Lord Haldane, in- 

 stalled as Chancellor of Bristol University, delivers address 

 on Civic Universities. 



18. King Ferdinand of Bulgaria issues manifesto pro- 

 claiming holy war. Bulgarian army occupies Mustafa 

 Pasha and advances towards Adrianople. Servia and 

 Greece also declare war against Turkey. Turkish Govern- 

 ment addresses firman to Tripoli and Cyrenaica granting 

 them autonomy. Peace Treaty between Turkey and 

 Italy signed at Ouchy, Switzerland. Mr. Monk, minister 

 of Public Works, resigns his seat in Canadian Cabinet ow- 

 ing to difference of opinion on Naval Defence policy. 

 Main storehouse of U.S. arsenal at Benicia, Cal., destroyed 

 by fire, with estimated loss of $3,000.000. The Saratoga 

 battle monument at Schuylerville, N. Y. (erected 1882) 

 is dedicated. 



ig. Montenegrins capture Gusinji. Turkish warships 

 bombard Varna and Baltchik, Bulgaria, but retire. 

 Greeks invade Macedonia and occupy Elassona. Three 

 German subjects, Bauchelin, Thibaut and Berger, sen- 

 tenced at Leipzig to 8 and 6 years' penal servitude for 

 espionage at Metz. Helen Craggs, English suffragist, 

 sentenced at Oxford to nine months' hard labour for 

 attempt to set fire to Nuneham House (see July 13). 

 Lt. Beissbarth and Lt. Lang. German airmen, killed near 

 Giengen, Germany.- M. Schaumasse, Nice Observatory, 

 discerns comet afterwards recognised as Tuttle's comet. 



ao. Recognition of Italian sovereignty in Tripoli and 

 Cyrenaica by British Govt. officially announced in Rome. 

 Servian army occupies Poduyevo near Prepolatz. 

 Amdee Lacour, French airman, killed near Mussidan, 

 France. U.S. Govt. urges upon Mexico necessity of keep, 

 ing open port of Tampicp and of maintaining communica- 

 tion between it and Mexico City. 



21. Greeks take Diskata, Thessaly, and land on Island 

 of Lemnos. Bulgarians capture Fort Chermen on road 

 to Adrianople. Servians occupy Sultan Tep6 in Osogoviya 

 Mts. Turks attempt landing at Euxinograd. north of 

 Varna, and bombard unfortified town of Kavama. 

 French Government recognise officially Italian sovereignty 

 in Tripoli. Trafalgar Day celebrations in London and 

 elsewhere. Mrs. Pankhurst, English Suffragist leader, 

 speaks at London Pavilion in favour of militancy. 

 International Conference on White Slave Traffic opens at 



