CLASSICAL SCHOLARSHIP 223 



compose a coherent narrative of Italy's prehistoric development. Mr. Feet's book 

 should become a standard work. The earliest literary records of Rome have been 

 re-examined by Soltau, 1 who upholds their substantial accuracy against radical critics. 

 The later age of the Republic has not been a prolific field of research, but attention is 

 due to the third volume of Jullian's History of Gaul* which describes the Roman conquest 

 under Julius Caesar from the point of view of Caesar's victims. A useful companion 

 to the history of the late Republic will be found in Mr. Hardy's excellent edition of the 

 chief extant statutes of this period. 3 Among the numerous treatises on the Roman Em- 

 pire special interest attaches to Lord Cromer's studies in Ancient and Modern Imperial- 

 ism, 4 which is based on wide reading as well as first-hand experience. The conquest of 

 Britain is illustrated by Mr. Macdonald's useful book The Roman Wall in Scotland, 5 

 and a convenient summary of recent exploration of the South German frontier forms 

 part of the late Prof. Pelham's Essays. 6 



The private life of the Greeks and Romans is described afresh in the light of recent 

 archaeological discoveries in Blumner's Technologic und Terminologie der Gewerbe und 

 Kilnste bei Griechen und Romern. 1 Archaeological evidence also figures largely in Mr. 

 Norman Gardiner's learned and practical treatise on Greek Athletic Sports and Festivals* 

 which should long remain a standard authority. Roman society is accurately portrayed 

 in Mr. Warde Fowler's 9 and Prof. Tucker's 10 new manuals. 



Ancient economics have been discussed of late with unusual zeal. Beside Mr. Zim- 

 mern's book (quoted above) we may notice a luminous essay by Ed. Meyer, 11 which 

 emphasises the high level of economic development attained by the Greeks and Romans. 

 The part played by capitalism is also insisted upon, perhaps rather unduly, in Dr. Grun- 

 dy's ingenious disquisition on slavery in Greece. 12 Special problems of economics are 

 discussed in Francotte's Finances des Cites grecques, 13 in Rostowzew's learned treatise on 

 land tenure under the Hellenistic kings and Roman emperors, 14 and in a masterly 

 monograph by Preisigke on the banking system in Ptolemaic Egypt. 15 



Law. Two substantial contributions to this subject need to be recorded. Mr. 

 Strachan-Davidson's Problems of Roman Criminal Law 16 is a supplementary treatise 

 to Mommsen's Strafrecht; Mr. Phillipson's International Law and Custom of Ancient 

 Greece and Rome 17 is a promising enterprise in a little explored field of studies. 



Religion. Some suggestive speculations have been made by Miss Jane Harrison 18 

 on the fundamental contrast between the " Olympian " and " pre-Olympian " gods of 

 Greece, and by Mr. Cornford 19 on the fusion of religion with early Greek philosophy. A 

 more categoric result is attained by Dr. Farnell in his book on " Greece and Babylon," 20 

 which denies any connection between the cults of these two countries. The development 

 of religious belief among the Romans is traced with much insight and sympathy by 

 Mr. Warde Fowler. 21 The survival of primitive beliefs and rites in Greece and Rome, 



1 Die Anfange der romischen Geschichtsschreibung (Leipzig, 1909). 



2 Paris, 1909. 



\ 3 Six Roman Laws (Oxford, 1911). 



4 London, 1910. 



5 Glasgow, 1911. 



6 Oxford, 1911. 



7 Vol. i, Leipzig, 1912. 



8 London, 1910. 



9 Social Life in Rome in the Age of Cicero (London, 1908). 



10 Life in the Roman World of Nero and St. Paul (London, 1910). 



11 Kleine Schriften (Halle, 1910), pp. 79-212. 



12 Op. cit. 



13 Paris, 1909. 



14 Studien zur Geschichte des romischen Kolonats (Leipzig, 1910). 



15 Girowesen im griechischen Agypten (Strassburg, 1910). 



16 Oxford, 1912. 



17 London, 1911. 



18 Themis (Cambridge, 1912). 



19 From Religion to Philosophy (London, 1912). 



20 Edinburgh, 1911. 



21 The Religious Experience of the. Roman People (Oxford, 1911). 



