PALAEOGRAPHY 225 



Heidelberg, Leipzig, Giessen, Hamburg, Strassburg, Lille, Geneva and Cairo, as well 

 as by the Italian Society " per la ricerca dei papiri greci e latini in Egitto." Among 

 facsimiles issued specially with an educational object, Dr. W. Schubart's Papyri Graecae 

 Berolinenses, published in 1911, a useful and representative selection of specimens from 

 the earliest dates to the eighth century, which is issued at a very moderate price, is 

 much to be commended. 



The study of papyri has also now advanced to the stage when the material, accu- 

 mulated and published in the busy years since the new discoveries lent it such an impetus, 

 can be utilised for works of generalisation. Dr. G. Milligan's Selections from the Greek 

 Papyri, 1910, composed of texts drawn from the publications of the British Museum and 

 the Egypt Exploration Fund, and from Berlin, Paris, and other places, and provided 

 with translations and notes, is a book principally intended for students of the New 

 Testament, but it also serves the purpose of an introduction to the study of papyri. But 

 the most important publication that has appeared in this direction is the Grundziige 

 und Chrestomathie der Papyruskunde which Professors Mitteis and Wilcken have just 

 completed: this is a great work comprising 550 texts of historical and social interest 

 and nearly 400 legal texts, with exhaustive apparatus of descriptive and explanatory 

 matter. 



In the domain of general palaeography 1912 has witnessed the completion of the 

 First Series of the Facsimiles of the New Palaeographical Society, consisting of 250 plates 

 drawn from MSS. in Greek and Latin and modern languages, the work of the ten years' 

 existence of the Society, which will forthwith enter on a second series. After a long 

 interval of more than thirty years since its first appearance, Professor Gardthausen has 

 commenced the issue of a second edition of his Griechische Palaeographie. The Claren- 

 don Press, Oxford, has published. (19 12) an Introduction to Greek and Latin Palaeography 

 by Sir E. M. Thompson, an enlarged work on the lines of his Handbook. The valuable 

 Vorlesungen und Abhandlungen of the late Ludwig Traube are slowly appearing in a 

 collected form, two parts having been issued in 1909 and 1911. Among 

 students prosecuting researches in special branches of palaeography, Professor W. M. 

 Lindsay of St. Andrew's, following up his treatise on Contractions in early Latin minuscule 

 MSS. which appeared in 1908, has turned his attention to the Insular MSS., especially 

 noting their systems of abbreviation and contraction, and has produced his Early 

 Irish Minuscule Script, 1910, and Early Welsh Script, 1912. Dr. E. A. Loew has con- 

 tributed to the Bavarian Academy a valuable Contribution to the History of Early 

 Latin Minuscule and to the dating of Visigothic MSS., 1910. 



Among publications of facsimiles, a second edition has appeared of Steffens' Lat^ 

 einische Palaeographie, 1909; followed by a collection of Proben aus griechischen Hand- 

 schriften und Urkunden, 1912. The Vatican collections have been represented by the 

 Specimina Codicum Graecorum Vaticanorum of Franchi de' Cavalieri and Lietzraann, 

 1910, and the Specimina Codicum Latinorum Vaticanorum of Ehrle and Liebart, 1912, 

 both useful works of. limited extent and very moderate in price. Of wider scope is 

 Staerk's book on the Latin MSS. of the fifth to the thirteenth centuries in the Imperial 

 Library of St. Petersburg, 1910. 



The production of facsimiles of entire MSS. has grown to such an extent as to have 

 become a feature in palaeographical publications. In 1909 were issued the New 

 Testament volume of the Codex Alexandrinus, ed. F. G. Kenyon; the Graeco-Latin 

 Codex Boernerianus of the Pauline Epistles at Dresden, ed. A. Reichardt ; the palimpsest 

 Gaius of Verona, ed. A. Spagnolo; the Etymologiae of Isidore at Toledo, ed. R. Beer; 

 and the Paris Theodosian Codex, ed. H. Omont. In 1910, the MS. of Deuteronomy 

 and Joshua of the sixth century, belonging to Mr. C. L. Freer of Detroit (one of the 

 few uncial Biblical MSS. recovered within the last few years), ed. H. A. Sanders; the 

 Tibullus of Wolfenbiittel, ed. F. Leo; and the Roman and Leiden MSS. of Ordericus 

 Vitalis and Robert of Torigni, ed. J. Lair. In 1911, the New Testament portion of the 

 Codex Sinaiticus at St. Petersburg, ed. K. Lake; the Anthologia Palatina, from the 

 Heidelberg and Paris MSS., ed. C. Preisendanz; the recently recovered papyrus of Me- 



