450 SPORTS AND GAMES 



The following is a selection of recent angling literature worth noting. 



Dr. \V. J. Turrell's Ancient Angling Authors (London, 1910) dealing with angling litera- 

 ture down to the end of the eighteenth century, is a carefully compiled and useful book. Dr. 

 H. M. Hall's Idylls of Fishermen (New York, 1912), a stuoy of "piscatory eclogue" literature 

 (of which there is a considerable mass, dating from Theocritus onwards), is the first attempt 

 to deal with it at all fully. 



On Salmon and trout-fishing A. H. Chaytor's Letters to a Salmon Fisher's Sons (London, 



1910) is an excellent book of practical instruction. H. Lamond's The Gentle Art (London, 



1911) contains useful chapters on legal and economic questions. G. E. M. Skues, in Minor 

 Tactics of the Chalk Stream (London, 1910), deals with the use of wet-fly on dry-fly streams; 

 with this may be mentioned F. M. Halford's Modern Development of the Dry-Fly (London, 

 1911). L. West's The Natural Fly and its Imitation (St. Helens, 1912), is perhaps the best 

 book on practical fishing entomology since Ronald's; it contains excellent coloured pates. 



H. T. Sheringham's Coarse Fishing (London, 1912) and C. O. Minchin's Sea Fishing 

 (London, 1911) are excellent on their respective subjects. 



C. T a te Regan's British Fresh Water Fishes (London, 1.911), W. L. Calderwood's Salmon 

 Rivers and Lochs of Scotland (London, 1909), and Life of the Salmon (London, 1907), P. D. 

 Malloch's Life History of the Salmon, etc. (London, 1910), J. Arthur Hutton's Salmon Scales 

 (London, 1909) and Salmon Scale Examination (London, 1910), and Dr. Knut Dahl's Age 

 and Growth of Salmon and Trout in Norway (edited by J. Arthur Hutton and H. T. Shering- 

 ham, and published in English by the Salmon and Trout Association, 1911), all deal more or 

 less with the new science of salmon scale reading.. Important papers on this subject by Mr. 

 H. W. Johnston are also to be found in the twenty-third, twenty-fourth, twenty-fifth, and 

 twenty-eighth Annual Reports on Scottish Salmon Fisheries. Dr. Francis Ward's Marvels 

 of Fish Life (London, 1911) is a remarkable study of fish as observed under water both with 

 the eye and the camera. Dr. J. de Bellesme's La Pisciculture en France (Paris, 1910), is a 

 study of French fish culture, with particular reference to the work of the Trocadero Aquarium. 



Archery. 



In spite of much unfavourable weather several fine scores were made in England in 

 1912 by both ladies and gentlemen. The most notable was that of Mr. H. P.. Nesham 

 at the Southern Counties Meeting in September, when in the double York Round he 

 obtained 1,067 with 223 hits. This is the highest score made since 1868 when the late 

 Mr. H. A. Ford at Leamington scored 1,087 with 219 hits, and, except by Mr. Ford, it 

 has never been beaten at any public meeting. The championships were shot for at the 

 Grand National Meeting at Cheltenham and won by Miss Q. Newatl with 716 and Mr. 

 R. Brooks-King with 829. In 1911 Miss Q. Newall at the Grand National Meeting, 

 where she won the ladies' championship, scored 803. Mr. W. Dod, who won the gen- 

 tlemen's championship, scored 885. Flight shooting is now rarely practised, but a 

 fine shot of 463 yds. was made by Mr. Ingo Simon in 1912 with a Turkish bow. 



The opportunity may be taken here to correct the E. B. article on "Archery" in some 

 particulars. The bow now used by men is from 6 ft. I in. to 6ft. 4 in. in length; a lady's 

 DOW ranges from 5 ft. 6 in. to 5 ft. 8 in., measured between the nocks; these lengths according 

 in the one case with an arrow of 27 in. to 28 in. and in the other with an arrow of 25 in. to 

 26 in. Exceptionally long arms may render necessary an arrow an inch longer and a corre- 

 sponding addition of one or two inches to the bow. The "weight " of a bow is the number of 

 pounds required, when appended to the string, to draw to the head an arrow of 28 in. for a 

 man's bow or 25 in. for a lady's. The weight of men's bows varies from 36 Ibs. to 58 Ibs., of 

 ladies' from 18 Ibs. to 30 Ibs., the lighter weights being sufficient for beginners, oows are 

 styled "self" or "backed" according as they are made of one wood or of two or more glued 

 together. "Self bows," if of yew, are usually made of two pieces joined by a double fish 

 splice at the handle: as it is difficult to find a piece of this wood (incomparably the best) of 

 sufficient length while free from knots. If made of lance they are invariably of a single 

 piece. "Backed bows" may be of yew, backed either with the same wood or with hickory; 

 or alternatively of washaba or of ruby, lance, or other woods backed with hickory; the back 

 being the flat side of the bow, and the " belly " the rounded side. Three woods are sometimes 

 employed, a thin strip of fustic being interposed between a belly of yew and a back of hickory. 

 There should be an inflexible centre of about 21 inches, whence the bow should taper grad- 

 ually towards each end. It should be straight the back true, and, when strung, the string 

 should appear to cut the belly into two equal parts. Self yew bows are the best. They are 

 light in the hand, the sweetest to pull, and have the best cast; but they require careful 

 handling. They are also expensive, costing from 5 to 15, and they are liable to "crysals," 

 or tiny cracks, which gradually spread until the bow breaks. A yew backed yew, which is 

 next in merit, can be bought for 5 and is somewhat less liable to crysals. Between the 

 others there is little to choose, provided that they are properly made, and not "reflexed," as 



