488 ENGLISH POLITICAL HISTORY 



the point of view of Irish Nationalists who were not satisfied that all was well with the 

 Government policy. 



In the Upper House Liberalism had but a small following, but was actively represent- 

 ed under Lord Crewe's 1 leadership, by Lord Morley, 2 Lord Loreburn (Lord Chancellor 

 since 1905; formerly, as Sir Robert Reid, Attorney- General 1894, and M. P. since 1886; 

 b. 1846), Lord Pentland (Secretary for Scotland, 1905^1912; till 1909, as Capt. John 

 Sinclair, M.P. for Fortarshire;; b. 1869), Lord Beauchamp (Lord Pres. of Council June- 

 Nov. '1910, then First Commissioner of Works; b. 1872), Lord Burghclere (formerly, as 

 Mr. Herbert Gardner M. P., Pres. of Bd. of Agriculture, 1892-1895; b. 1847), Lord Lucas 

 (Under-Sec, for Colonies March-Oct. 1911, then Sec. for Agriculture; b. 1876), Lord 

 Welby (till 1894 the chief official of the Treasury; b. 1832), Lord Sheffield 3 (b. 1839), 

 Lord Weardale (till 1905 Mr. Philip Stanhope, M.P.; b. 184 7), Lord St. Davids (till 

 1908 Mr. J. W. Philipps, M.P.; b. 1860), and Lord Ashby St. Ledgers (till 1910 Capt. 

 the Hon. Ivor Guest, M.P., eldest son of Lord Wimborne; b. 1873). Lord Rosebery 4 

 (b. 1848), continued to plough a lonely furrow, and Lord Courtney of Penwith 5 (b. 

 1832), to play the part of a political Aristides. In 1911 the Liberal Peers were reinforced 

 by the elevation of Lord Haldane in March, and of Mr. Alfred Emmott as Lord Emmott 

 (b. 1858; Chairman of Committees in the Commons since 1906) in October, the latter 

 being appointed Under-Secretary for the Colonies. :"'.{- 



On the Unionist side, Mr. Balfour 6 (b. 1848) had no rival as a parliamentary figure, 

 but the party was sore with unsuccess, and the personal affection and admiration with 

 Leading mea which he was regarded were balanced by misgivings among the rank and 

 oa theUatoa- file and in the country as to his capacity to lead them out of it. No other 

 1st side. Unionist leader however was prepared to be put in competition with him, 

 and he was loyally supported in the House of Commons by ex-Ministers in Mr. Austen 

 Chamberlain 7 (b. 1863), Mr. Walter Long 8 (b, 1854), Mr. Bonar Law (b. 1858), Mr. H. 

 Chaplin 9 (b. 1841), Mr. G. Wyndham 10 (b. 1863), Mr. A. Lyttelton" (b. 1857), Sir R. E. 

 Finlay (b. 1842; formerly Attorney-General), Sir E. Carson (ex-Solicitor-General, and 

 leader of the Irish Unionists; b. 1854), Sir W. R. Anson 12 (b. 1843), Mr. J. H. Campbell 

 (formerly Solicitor-General for Ireland; b. 1851), Mr. E. G. Pretyman (who had come 

 prominently forward in 1909 as a critic of the new land taxes; b. 1859), and Mr. W. Hayes 

 Fisher (fresh from leading the Unionists or " Municipal Reformers " on the London 

 County Council; b. 1853). 



In Mr. F. E. Smith, K.C. (b. 1872), who had made a rapid and brilliant success both 

 at the Bar and in politics, the party had an indefatigable worker and an audacious orator, 

 now taking a place in the front rank corresponding more or less to that of Mr. :Churchill 

 on the other side; and a variety of political talent or experience was actively represented 

 by Sir F. G. Banbury (b. 1850), Mr. G. Cave (b. 1856), Mr. H. E. Duke (b. 1855), Mr. 

 J. G. Butcher (b. 1852), Sir Gilbert Parker 13 (b. 1862), Mr. Charles Bathurst (b. 1867), 

 Mr. A. H. Lee (b. 1868), Lord Hugh Cecil 14 (b. 1869), Lord Charles Beresford (b. 1846), 

 Mr. E. A. Goulding (b. 1863), Sir A. Griffith-Boscawen (b. 1865), Mr. H. Stavely Hill 

 (b. 1865), Mr. J. W. Hills (b. 1867), Mr. H. J. Mackinder (b. 1861), Mr. F. Cassel (b. 

 1869), Mr. B. E. Peto (b. 1862), Mr. L. Worthington Evans (b. 1868), Mr. H. Page 

 Croft (b. 1881), Mr. George Sandys (b. 1875), Major Archer Shee (b. 1873), Mr. A. 

 Burgoyne (b. 1880), Mr. W. Ormsby-Gore (b. 1885), Mr. W. W. Astor (b. 1879), Lord 

 Winterton (b. 1883), Lord Castlereagh (b. 1878), Lord Rohaldshay (b. 1876), Lord 

 Tullibardine (b. 1871), Lord Wolmer (b. 1887), and Lord Helmsley {b. 1887).. The 

 Irish Unionists included Mr. W. Moore (b. 1864), Sir J. B. Lonsdale (b. 1849), Capt. J. 

 Craig (b. 1871), and Mr. W. Mitchell Thompson (b. 1877). 



With Sir Alexander Acland-Hood (b. 1854) as Chief Whip retiring with a peerage 

 as Lord St. Audries in 1911 were principally associated Lord Balcarres (b. 1871), who 



1 E. B. vii, 432. 6 Ibid., iii, 250-254. in Ibid., in, 252; xiv, 788. 



2 Ibid., xviii, 840. 7 Ibid., v, 817. ll Ibid., xvii, 185. 



3 Ibid., xxv, 777 ("Stanley" ad fin.) l * Ibid., ii, 84. 



4 Ibid., xxiii, 731. 8 Ibid,, xiv, 788. " Ibid., xx, 827. 

 6 Ibid., vii, 328. 9 Ibid., v, 852. " Ibid., xxiv, 76. 



