INDIA 613 



local society, has recently been transferred to Government. By the munificence of a wealthy 

 merchant, Sir Chinubhai Madhavlal, a Science Institute, with separate buildings for a hall 

 and a library, are now being added. 



AJMER. The population of Ajmer city in 1911 was 86,222, showing an increase of 16.8 % 

 during the decade. The minor province of Ajmer- Merwara shows an increase of only 5.1 %. 

 On the occasion of the royal visit to India the Queen spent three days at Ajmer in December 

 1911, while the King was shooting in Nepal. She visited the Mayo College, Pushkar lake 

 sacred to Hindus, and the tomb of the Mahommedan saint, Muin-ud-din Chisti. 



ALLAHABAD. The population of Allahabad city in 1911 was 171,697, showing a decrease 

 of 2 % during the decade. The population of the district likewise decreased by 1.6 %, due to 

 the prevalence of plague. On November u, 1910 theViceroy paid a visit to Allahabad to lay the 

 foundation stone of a pillar in Minto Park, on which have been inscribed the two historic 

 proclamations of Queen Victoria and Edward VII. In December of that year, while the 

 National Congress was being held under the presidency of Sir W. Wedderburn, the largest 

 exhibition yet held in India was opened by the Lieutenant-Governor. The agricultural court, 

 which was a conspicuous success, has greatly stimulated the interest of landowners in the use 

 of labour-saving implements, power-plant for pumping, and the manufacture of white sugar 

 by machinery. A new bridge across the Ganges io connect with the Oudh and Rohilkhand 

 Railway was opened in October 1912, while the railway bridge across the Jumna is being 

 widened to carry a double line. Other public works in progress are a senate hall and a library 

 for the university, while a new building for the High Court has been sanctioned. A trust 

 fund has been formed for the purpose of opening out congested areas. 



ALWAR. The population of this native State in 1911 was 791,688, showing a decrease of 

 4.4% during the decade. The Maharaja, Sir Sawai Jai Singh, was created K.C.I.E. at the 

 Delhi Durbar. 



AMRITSAR. The population of Amritsar city in 1911 was 152,756, showing a decrease 

 of 6% during the decade. The, population of the district also decreased by 14%, due to 

 plague and malaria. As a result of the malaria conference held at Simla in 1909, Amritsar 

 has been selected for a laboratory; lectures are here given to medical officers, and a periodical 

 is published. 



ANDAMAN ISLANDS. The population of Port Blair (the penal settlement) in 1911 was 

 16,324, showing an increase of 4% during the decade, while in the rest of the Andamans 

 only 1,317 persons were enumerated, showing an apparent decrease of 30%. In the Nicobar 

 Islands, however, which are under the same jurisdiction, there was an apparent increase of 

 no less than 35.4%. 



ASSAM. The population of Assam (which was incorporated with Eastern Bengal in 1905, 

 but was again constituted a separate Province under a chief commissioner in 1912) was 

 7,059,857 in 1911, showing an increase of 17.1 % during the decade. This high rate of increase, 

 more than three-fold that for all British India, may be ascribed partly to the immigration of 

 labourers on the tea estates, but still more to recovery from the results of a severe epidemic 

 fever. The tea industry has been very prosperous in recent years, demand having exceeded 

 production. The total number of labourers on the tea estates in 1911 was 763,239, of whom 

 only 20,868 were under the Act specially enforcing contracts, which it is proposed shortly to 

 repeal. In 1912 Sir A. Earle was appointed chief commissioner of Assam, and it is proposed 

 to give the province a legislative council under the powers conferred by the Act of Parliament 

 passed in that year. 



A valuable series of monographs on the more important tribes of Assam is being pub- 

 lished by the Government. 



BAHAWALPUR. The population of this native State in 1911 was 780,641, showing an in- 

 crease of 8.3% during the decade. The Nawab, a boy of only 7, was a conspicuous figure 

 at the Delhi Durbar, riding at the head of his camel corps in the military review. In February 

 1911, a feeder railway of 22 miles, constructed at the expense of the state, was opened by the 

 J.ieutenant-Governor of the Punjab. 



BALUCHISTAN. The population of British Baluchistan in 1911 was 414,412, showing an 

 increase of 8.5% during the decade. In the Baluchistan states, the population of Las Bela 

 likewise increased by 9. 1 %, while that of Kalat (excluding Kharan) shows an apparent decrease 

 of 10%, due to the fact that the earlier figure was based upon an estimate, not upon actual 

 enumeration. In British territory, the recent period has been peaceful, except for raids by 

 Afghan outlaws from across the frontier, in consequence of which it has been found necessary 

 to re-arm the levy corps with Martini-Henry rifles. The value of transfrontier trade, though 

 still small, exhibits an increase. The state of Kharan was disturbed after the death of its old 

 chief in June 1909, and his successor was assassinated in April 1911. The ex-Khan of Kalat, 

 who was dethroned in 1893, died at Pishin on May 20, 1909. A severe shock of earthquake 

 was felt throughout Kalat on October 21, 1909, causing great loss of life and property. 



A Gazetteer of Baluchistan has been published in 8 vols. 



BANGALORE. The population of Bangalore city (including the civil and military station 

 under British jurisdiction) was 189,485 in 1911, showing an increase of 19.1% during the 

 decade. The Mysore state proposes to introduce an electric tramway service for ten miles 

 through the city and its suburbs. 



