INDIA 617 



raised the number to 195,498. The population of the district likewise shows a decrease of 

 9 %, due to plague and malaria. An agricultural college has recently been opened at Cawn- 

 pore, and a trust fund formed for opening out congested areas. 



CENTRAL INDIA. The total population of the Central India Agency in 191 1 was 9,356,980, 

 showing an increase of 10.1 % during the decade, due to recovery after famine. For the 

 more important states, see Bhopal, Gwalioc, Indore and Reiva. 



A Gazetteer of the Central India Agency has been published in 9 vols. 



CENTRAL PROVINCES. The total population of the Central Provinces and Berar (which 

 form a single administration since 1905) was 16,033,310 in 1911, showing an increase of 

 17.9% during the decade, due to recovery after famine. In the feudatory states alone, with 

 a population of 2,1 17,002, the rate of increase was as high as 29.8 %. Native Christians have 

 increased from 20,115 to 24,106, among whom the Quaker mission counts 1,140 converts. 

 The province, with its large Maratha population, did not altogether escape the prevalent 

 spirit of "unrest;" and in January 1909 the Queen Victoria Memorial at Nagpur was dese- 

 crated by a student of the agricultural college. But, on the whole, prosperity has followed 

 upon good harvests, the crops for export being cotton, oilseeds, and wheat. As a result of 

 the Irrigation Commission, a number of small tanks have been excavated to protect precarious 

 tracts, and sanction has been given for the construction of three large canal systems from as 

 many rivers. On January 9, 1912, the King and Queen, on their railway journey back from 

 Calcutta to Bombay, stopped for an hour at Nagpur, to visit the fort and show themselves 

 to the people. Under the Act of Parliament passed in 1912, it is proposed to give the 

 Province a legislative council; but this can only apply with restrictions to Berar, which is 

 not strictly British territory. The Viceroy visited Nagpur on December 1 7th, to lay the 

 foundation stone of the council hall. N 



CHAMBA.-^The population of this native State in 1911 was 135,873, showing an increase 

 of 6.3% during the decade. A full account of the inscriptions found in the State, and also 

 of the people and their dialects, is given in the Chamba State Gazetteer ^Lahore, 1910). 



COCHIN. The population of this native State in 1911 was 918,110, showing an increase 

 of 13.1 % during the decade. Christians number no less than 233,092, mostly Syrians of 

 different rites and Roman Catholics. The state has been exceedingly prosperous of recent 

 years, much attention having been paid to all departments of the administration, especially 

 forests and navigable canals. In January 1911, the Raja's salute was increased to 19 guns 

 as a personal distinction; and he was created G.C.I.E. at the Delhi Durbar. 



COORG. The population of this minor province in 1911 was 174,976, showing a decrease 

 of 3.1 % during the decade, due to the decline in the coffee industry. Out of 3,533 Christians, 

 no less than 2,830 were Roman Catholics. 



CUTCH. The population of this native State in 1911 was 513,429, showing an increase of 

 5.2% during the decade. There are no railways in the State, and the proposal to construct 

 a direct line from Bombay to Karachi through Cutch remains in abeyance. 



DACCA. The population of Dacca city in 1911 was 108,551, showing an increase of 21 % 

 during the decade, while both the district and the division increased by more than il%. 



Dacca was the capital of the new province of Eastern Bengal and Assam created in 1905; 

 and now that Bengal has been reunited in 1912, a solemn promise has been made that Dacca 

 shall be occupied by the government for part of every year. Important buildings have been 

 erected for the residence of officials and for the secretariat. The remodelling of the water- 

 works has been completed, and schemes for improving the drainage are in hand. Educa- 

 tion, especially in English, is making rapid advance. Hostels and a hall have been opened 

 for Mahommedan students, and it is announced that Dacca will shortly have a local uni- 

 versity. At the Delhi Durbar, the Nawab, Sir Khwaja Salimulla, was created G.C.I.E. 



DELHI. The population of Delhi city in 1911 was 232,837, showing an increase of 

 1 1.6 % during the decade, due to the growth of commerce and industries, while the population 

 of Delhi district fell by 4.6% and that of Delhi division by as much as 8.9%, owing chiefly 

 to plague and malaria. 



An account of the Delhi Durbar is given above . Here it may be briefly said that the 

 Royal visit, which lasted from December 7 to 16, 191 1 , was an unqualified success from the popu- 

 lar point of view. The canvas city along the historic ridge covered a total area of 25 sq. m.; 

 the amphitheatre erected for the crowning ceremony accommodated 100,000 spectators; 

 and 50,000 troops were present at the review. To the Indian mind the most attractive in- 

 cident was when the King and Queen showed themselves to the crowds below from a balcony 

 in the Fort where the Mogul emperors had been wont to view spectacles. 



The site of the new capital is not that of the Durbar, nor does it include the spot where 

 the king performed the ceremony of laying a foundation stone. In accordance with the 

 advice of an expert commission, which included the chairman of the London County Council, 

 it will be on a high and unoccupied tract S.W. of the city, where convenient space and 

 healthy conditions can best be secured. Here at a distance of about 3 m. from the city walls, 

 and separated from them by a wide belt of park, will be built the Viceroy's palace, the council 

 chamber, and other government offices, at a cost provisionally estimated at 4,000,000. 

 The style of architecture to be adopted was still under discussion in 1912, though designs 

 had been invited from architects in India. 



