WEIHAIWEI 637 



reserve. In ign the ordinances passed numbered 65, the largest number ever dealt 

 with in one year. They related chiefly to defence, the consolidation of the liquor laws, 

 the university, stamp duties, civil procedure, laws for the more effectual control of clubs 

 and societies, and for the registration of Chinese partnerships with limitation of liability. 



A conference lasting from June till November 1909 was held in Hong- Kong between 

 the Portuguese and Chinese Commissioners for the delimitation of the boundaries of 

 Macao. In July 1909 there was trouble in Macao with pirates on Colowan Island, in 

 which Portuguese troops and gunboats were engaged. Some of the pirates escaped and 

 were afterwards arrested at Cheung Chow Islands in the New Territories. 



Police and Crime. The strength of the police force in 1911 totalled 1080; the force 

 is composed of 134 Europeans, 399 Indians and 547 Chinese. The District Watchmen 

 Force, composed of 124 Chinese, patrols the Chinese quarters of the city of Victoria 

 under the supervision of European police. The daily average of prisoners confined in 

 the Victoria Gaol in 1911 was 595 as compared with 726 in 1904, the highest previous 

 average. The average percentage of prisoners to population for the last ten years has 

 been 0.14, but owing to the large floating population which is constantly moving between 

 the colony and Canton, this percentage does not convey an accurate idea of the compara- 

 tive criminality of the residents of the colony. The Chinese community in Hong- Kong 

 was profoundly stirred by the revolutionary movement in China, and for some days in 

 the early part of November 1911 great excitement prevailed. A proclamation under 

 the Peace Preservation Ordinance was issued November 2gth, and remained in force 

 until February 26, 1912. The police succeeded in preventing any serious outbreak 

 of lawlessness, though the influx of undesirable characters from Canton and other 

 parts of China caused many cases of disorderliness, assaults and petty thieving. Mili- 

 tary assistance had to be provided and special constables enlisted. 



Education. Education is provided at 67 government and Grant Schools comprising 20 

 upper grade schools (average attendance 4107) and 74 lower grade schools (average at- 

 tendance 2196). On September 7, 1911, a Board of Chinese Vernacular Primary Educa- 

 tion was constituted to promote efficient Chinese vernacular education and to col- 

 lect funds to supplement the government subsidy made to the Board. The amount of the 

 government subsidy for the year 1912 was 4100. Higher education is represented by the Tech- 

 nical Institute where instruction is given in scientific, technical and commercial subjects. The 

 Hong- Kong University building was opened on March 12, 1912. The first chairs were to be 

 those of medicine, engineering and the arts; the medium of instruction will be English. 

 The primary object of the University is to train the character and morals of students and, 

 so far as is possible, to inculcate western ideals. It will be open to all races and creeds, but 

 owing to the position of Hong-Kong it is chiefly intended for the Chinese. At the end 

 of 1911 the University endowment fund amounted to 40,098. The British government has 

 promised a sum of 300 a year scholarships ("King Edward VII Scholars"). 



Social. The Victoria Recreation Club, which, under the style of the Victoria Regatta 

 club, held its first regatta in 1849, celebrated its Goth anniversary on July 10, 1909, in a new 

 club hoyse which had been built on an extension of what was formerly Murray Pier. The 

 Club Germania commemorated its fiftieth anniversary on November 27, 1909. On June 

 22, 1911 the coronation of King George V was celebrated by a public holiday. The whole of 

 the colony was illuminated for three nights, all the men-of-war in the harbour combining in 

 the display. 



During the past three years the colony has lost several of its prominent men by death, 

 including Mr. George Murray Bain, who came to the colony in 1864 as sub-editor of the 

 "China Mail" of which paper he ultimately became proprietor; he died April 21, 1909. Sir 

 Hormusjee Mody, the donor of the Hong- Kong University buildings, died on June 26, 1911. 

 On October 28, 1911, Mr. W. D. Barnes, the Colonial Secretary, who had only recently been 

 transferred to Hongkong from the Federated Malay States, met with an untimely death on 

 the polo ground. (H. SPOONER.) 



Weihaiwei 1 



The population in 1911 was 147,177 (146,840 Chinese and 293 of other nationalities). 

 This gives a density of about 510 per square mile. The European element numbers 

 215. It consists chiefly of the Royal Naval contingent on the island of Liu Kung, and 

 of school-boys most of whom have their homes in Shanghai. Of the native male pop- 

 ulation about one-fifth is engaged in occupations other than agricultural. This frac- 



1 See E. B. xxviii, 494. 



