CANADA 665 



tion in Canada, with the duty collected thereon for 1910, 1911, and 1912, are shown be- 

 low. The figures in each case are for the fiscal year ended March 3ist: 



Entered 



Total Total for Duty. 



Exports. Imports. Consumption. 



1910 : . ;'.\ : ^'> .$301,358,529 $391,852,692 $375.833.016 $61,024,239 



1911 297,196,365 472,247.540 461,951,318 73.312,367 



1912 , ,. ,i .... , .315.317.250 559,320,544 547,482,190 87,576,036 



The aggregate trade with the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany, France 

 and the West Indies for the same period is also given: 



United 

 Kingdom. United States. Germany. France. West Indies. 



1910 . . $244,984,407 $336,652,587 $10,436,421 $12,750,192 $13,284,809 



1911 iV,. . 246,901,573 404,331,540 12,710,357 14,345,865 15,603,170 



1912 .-.-: ! 268,760,435 476,889,112 14,904,919 13,868,369 15,391,818 



Manufactures. Although the complete details showing the results of the census of 

 1911 are not yet available, some useful preliminary figures have been made public by 

 the census and statistics office at Ottawa. Every factory in operation during the whole 

 or part of the census year, which had given employment during any part of the year to 

 five or more persons was required to make a report. Some places, such as brick or tile 

 works, butter and cheese factories, electric light and power plants, fish curing plants, 

 flour and gristing mills, lime kilns, saw and shingle mills may, however, be operated to 

 yield large products with less than five hands. With these exceptions, factories em- 

 ploying five hands and over in 1910 made an average product of $60,671 as compared 

 with $45,483 in 1905 and $26,213 in 1890, being an increase per factory of 25 per cent 

 in the ten years 1890 to 1900 and 84 per cent in the ten years 1900 to 1910. Or, com- 

 pared by the production per head of the whole population, it was $76 in 1890, $89 in 

 1900 and $161 in 1910. The total value of products of this class of factories grew from 

 $481,053,375 in 1900 to $718,352,603 in 1905, and $1,165,975,639 in 1910. In the five 

 years 1900 to 1905, the growth was 47 per cent and in the next five years it was 61 per 

 cent. For the same class of factories the earnings of salaries and wages were in 1910 

 $241,008,416, being an increase of 112 per cent in the decade. The average of wages 

 and salaries in 1910 was $467, in wages alone $418. 



Classified by provinces, the values in dollars of manufactured products were as follows: 

 Alberta, (1900) 1,313,375, (1910) 18,788,826; British Columbia, (1900) 19,447,778, (1910) 

 65,204,235; Manitoba, (1900) 12,927,439, (1910) 53,673,609; New Brunswick, (1900) 20,972,- 

 470, (1910) 35,422,302; Nova Scotia, (1900) 23,592,513, (1910) 52,706,184; Ontario (1900) 

 241,533,486, (1910) 579,810,225; Prince Edward Island, (1900) 2,326,708, (1910) 3,136,470; 

 Quebec, (1900) 158,287,994, (1910) 350,901,656; Saskatchewan, (1900) 651,667, (1910) 

 6,332,132. It will be seen that Ontario and Quebec more than doubled their values, showing 

 increases respectively of $338,276,739 and $192,613,662; but the four western provinces 

 have shown rates of increase considerably higher, ranging from 1,323.78 per cent for Al- 

 berta to 871.68 per cent for Saskatchewan. 



The principal manufacturing centres, with the values in dollars of products in 1910, are: 

 Montreal 166,296,972, (71,099,750 in 1900); Toronto, 154,306,948 (58,415,498 in 1900); 

 Hamilton, 55,125,946 (17,122,346 in 1900); Winnipeg and St. Boniface, 39,400,608 (8,616,248 

 in 1900); Ottawa, 20,924,331 (7,638,688 in 1900); Maisonneuve, 20,813,774 (6,008,780 in 

 1900); Quebec 17,149,385 (12,779,546 in 1900); London, 16,273,999 (8,122,185 in 1900); 

 Brantford, 15,866,229, (5,564,695 in 1900); Vancouver, 15,070,105 (4,990,152 in 1900); 

 Halifax, 12,140,409 (6,927,552 in 1900); Windsor and Walkerville, 12,113,279 (3,278,126 in 

 1900); Berlin and Waterloo, 12,078,783 (4,359,690 in 1900); Peterborough, 10,633,119 

 (3,789,164 in 1900); St. John, 10,081,667 (6,712,769 in 1900); Sydney, 9,395,017 (631,396 in 

 1900) ; Sault Ste. Marie and Steelton, 7,842,384 (738,472 in 1900) ; Calgary, 7,751 ,01 1 (599,444 

 in 1900); Guelph, 7,392,336 (3,689,183 in 1900); Hull, 7,259,301 (3,182,050 in 1900); Lachine, 

 6,295,716 (2,909,847 in 1900); St. Catherines, 6,024,217 (2,070,543 in 1900); Gait, 5,252,600 

 2,225,343 in 1900); Stratford, 5,133,840 (1,935,176 in 1900); Chatham, 5,023,560 (2,714,977 

 in 1900); Edmonton, 4,493,304 (243,778 in 1900); Victoria, 4,244,034 (2,617,573 in 1900). 



Capital increased from $331,635,499 in 1890 to $446,916,487 in 1900 and to $1,247,583,609 

 in 1910; salaries and wages in the same years from $79,234,311 to $113,283,602 and to 

 $241,008,416; and products from $368,696,723 to $481,053,375 and to $1,165,975,639. The 

 averages of the values of twelve out of fifteen groups of products were greater at the end of 

 the first decade than in 1890, and at the end of the second they were greater for all groups, 



