666 CANADA 



the lowest showing an increase of 81 per cent. At the end of twenty years the increase in 

 the values of all products was 216.54 P cr cent as compared with an average of 39-47 per cent 

 in the first decade and of 142.13 per cent in the second. 



In 1910 there were three hundred kinds of manufactures as compared with 264 ten years 

 before. The cost of raw materials in 1900 was 266,527,858, which when deducted from the 

 value of products gave 214,525,517 or 80.26 per cent as the value added by manufactures, 

 compared with 601,509,018, as the value of raw materials and 564,466,621 or 93.76 per 

 cent as the value added by manufactures in 1910. 



Railways. The total railway mileage for the year ended June 30, 1911, was 25,400, an 

 increase of 669 miles over 1910. Seventy per. cent of this increase was in the western prov- 

 inces. On the same date there were about 1600 additional miles of railway in actual opera- 

 tion, which were officially regarded as being still under construction. The mileage under 

 construction was: graded or being graded, 6,223; track laid or being laid, 3,833. In addition 

 to these figures some 2,500 miles of additional line were located, surveyed or being surveyed. 



New construction on the Canadian Pacific Railway system between June 30, 1910 and 

 June 30, 1912 amounted to 1,753 miles. On the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway, the Prairie 

 Section (main line, Winnipeg to Wolf Creek, 916 miles) was completed at the beginning of 

 1910; of the Mountain Section (main line, Wolf Creek to Prince Rupert, 837 miles) 100 miles 

 from Prince Rupert eastward to Copper River were completed at the beginning of 1910, the 

 remaining 257 miles being under contract; from Copper River eastward to Bulkley Summit, 

 175 miles, were to be completed in the spring of 1913; from Wolf Creek westward, 185 miles 

 is completed, and a further distance westward to Second Crossing of Eraser River (120 miles) 

 was also completed at the end of 1912. 



From 1909 to the end of 1912, 849 miles of branch lines (of which 747 were graded) were 

 constructed, as follows: Regina Boundary Branch, 155 miles; Regina Moose Jaw Branch, 

 40 miles; Moose Jaw North-West Branch, 48 miles; Weyburn Branch, 15 miles; Prince 

 Albert Branch, III miles; Battleford Branch, 48 miles; Cut Knife Branch, 50 miles; Harte 

 Brandon Branch, 25 miles; Biggar Calgary Branch, 105 miles; Calgary Branch, 202 miles; 

 Alberta Coal Branch, 50 miles. 



During the year 1912 over 586 miles of newly constructed tracks were added to the 

 Canadian Northern system, the average mileage operated being 3,888 miles. Great progress 

 has been made in the construction of the transcontinental line of the Canadian Northern 

 System, which was expected to be completed by the end of 1913; the line through British 

 Columbia to connect the western lines of the railway with tidewater at the Pacific coast has 

 advanced rapidly. In addition to the advantage of easy gradients, the location of the line 

 enters without competition into a large territory, the physical characteristics of which are 

 expected to attract a desirable class of settlers. The line will also give access to a hitherto 

 unknown section of the Canadian Alps. 



During the year $61,650,300 was added to the stock issue of railways operating in Canada, 

 and 56,741,214 to funded debt. These additions brought the aggregate capital liability 

 up to 1,528,689,201. The aggregate earnings from all sources for the year were $188,733,- 

 493, an increase of 8.7 per cent over 1910. 



Ports. Much attention has been and is being devoted to the provision of adequate dock 

 accommodation and other shipping facilities. The harbour at Montreal has been vastly 

 improved, and a new floating dry dock was launched by the Governor General on November 

 18, 1912, thus providing complete modern equipment for the repair and examination of large, 

 vessels. At Victoria, British Columbia, a contract has been let to an English firm for the 

 construction of a breakwater as a first instalment of an important scheme of harbour improve- 

 ment, and at Courtenay Bay, St. John, New Brunswick, another English firm of contractors 

 were in 1912 undertaking dock and breakwater works on a large scale so as to enable the 

 port to meet the demands that would be made upon it through the great railway extensions. 



Postal Development. During 1911-12 a very considerable expansion was witnessed. 

 The number of post offices increased by 437, and there was an increase of 670 miles in the 

 extent of the system over which mails were carried by railway. The number of miles over 

 which mails were carried by railway and water routes and ordinary land routes was greater 

 by 3,422,080 miles than it was for the year before. The increase in the number of letters 

 and postcards sent during the year was over fifty-two millions and a quarter, or more than 

 ten per cent greater than the year before. An Order ia Council was passed during the year 

 increasing to $1500 the amount the Post Office Savings Banks are authorised to accept in 

 any one year, and increasing the maximum limit of an account to 5000, exclusive of interest. 

 Formerly the maximum amount that could be accepted from a depositor in one year was 

 $1000, and the maximum limit of a,n account was fixed at $3000. The increase in value of 

 postage stamps sold was 1,068,607, or about lOj per cent. 



Finance. The federal revenue increased from 71,186,072 in 1905 to 136,108,217 in 

 1912, and the expenditure from $78,804,138 to 137,142,082. A large amount of this 

 expenditure is chargeable to capital, and represents outlays in respect of railways, canals and 

 public works, bounties, etc. The total debt in 1912 was 508,338,591; the total assets 

 $168,419,131, and the net debt $339,919,400. 



