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been made. The Anglo-Newfoundland Development Company, in which Lord Northcliffe 

 is so .largely interested, commenced operations in 1909 and now controls over 3,000 square 

 miles of forest land yielding a fine quality of pulpwood. The mills erected at Grand Falls, 

 on the Exploits River, are the second largest of their kind in the world and possess the 

 most modern equipment. The whole of the power required is obtained from the Falls. 

 At Bishop Falls, also on the Exploits River, and eleven miles distant from Grand Falls, 

 Messrs. Albert Reed & Co., of London, have established a similar plant of only slightly 

 smaller dimensions. Schemes are being framed for the erection of further mills by American 

 and other companies in the Fortune Bay, Gander River and Grand Lake districts. The 

 export of pulp and paper during 1910-11 was valued at 51,582 and 193,898 respectively. 

 The whole of the trade was with the United Kingdom. 



Agriculture. The Government is prosecuting an active agricultural policy with a view 

 to meeting the demand for farm produce which will arise from the industrial development of 

 the country. The programme provides for the supply, at Government expense, of improved 

 stock, seeds and implements, and considerable inducements are offered to agriculturists. 

 Attention is also being given to agricultural education. Farm colonies are to be established 

 by the Salvation Army. Mixed farming offers the best inducements, while the prospects 

 for cattle, sheep and poultry are considered good Special encouragement is being given 

 to. sheep-farming with a view to the establishment of a local woollen manufacturing industry. 

 The average annual output of farm produce is valued at over 800,000, the principal crops 

 being cabbages, turnips, hay and oats. Development of the fruit (berry) industry is antici- 

 pated. A successful Agricultural Show was held in St. John's in 1910. 



Mineral Resources. -During the last twenty years the annual value of minerals exported 

 has averaged nearly 257,000, the chief ores being those of copper and iron. The Govern- 

 ment has recently concluded agreements with certain companies in respect of the develop- 

 ment of coal, iron and petroleum resources, and has offered financial rewards to successful 

 prospectors. The principal copper mine is that at Tilt Cove in Notre Dame Bay, but 

 promising discoveries of ore have recently been made .at points in White Bay, and on the 

 north-east coast. The iron mines at Bell Island, Conception Bay, have been successfully 

 worked by two companies, and it is estimated that 40,000,000 tons of haematite ores are in 

 sight, with an unknown quantity in the extension of the beds seawards. Haematite has 

 been found at River Exploits and at various points on Notre Dame Bay. Rich bessemer 

 ores occur at White Bay, and extensive deposits of magnetic ore have been located along the 

 west coast. Operations with iron pyrites have been commenced at Pilley's Island, in Notre 

 Dame Bay. Developments are expected with regard to the west coast chromite deposits; 

 the silver-lead ores near Placentia; and the slate beds at Bay of Islands, Smith Sound and 

 elsewhere. Operations at Parson's Pond oil-field have advanced sufficiently to permit of 

 a regular supply of oil to the gas works of St. John's for illuminating purposes. Favourable 

 agreements have been concluded with certain English companies for the exploitation of the 

 coal resources of the Island. During the last few years the valuable seams near Grand Lake 

 have received considerable attention from the Reid Company. 



Communications. Progress has been made with the construction of the branch railways 

 sanctioned by the Government in 1910. Steamship communication has been improved, and 

 the telegraph, telephone and wireless services augmented. 



Finance. The trade and revenue returns (the highest ever recorded) for the year ending 

 June 30, 1911, were: revenue 725,020; expenditure 689, 587; imports 2,751,137, and exports 

 2,461,681. During 1910-11 the British Empire (chiefly Canada and the United Kingdom) 

 supplied 60.8 % of the imports, and received 39.7 % of the exports. I ..- . t ,. .: 



Administration. Sir Ralph Champney Williams, K.C.M.G., was to retire from the 

 Governorship in February 1913, and to be succeeded by Mr. Walter Edward Davidson, 

 C.M.G., Governor of the Seychelles. 



The principal measures recently dealt with by the Legislature have reference to rail- 

 way extension and steamship services, mining development, agriculture, and the fishing 

 industry; while others are concerned with education, the extension of telegraph, tele- 

 phone and wireless facilities, road development, woollen manufactures, the provision 

 of sanatoria for consumptives, and old age pensions. 



The death occurred at Ottawa on October 7, 1911, of Sir James Spearman Winter, 



formerly Premier (1897-1900). Born in Newfoundland in 1845, he became a barrister 



and in 1874 entered the Newfoundland legislature, being its speaker in 1.877-78, and 



subsequently holding other offices. In 1910 he was one of the British Counsel in the 



.Fisheries Arbitration. 



See Year-Book of Newfoundland (1912); Newfoundland Guide Book, IQII (ed- D. W. 

 Prowse); Newfoundland in IQII (P. T. McGrath); Mineral Resources of Newfoundland 

 (James P. Howley, St. John's, 1909). (S. E. CHANDLER.) 



