696 AUSTRALIA 



of the fleet to British control in the outbreak of war, that point having been allowed 

 to drop out of sight. It is argued in Australia that a special provision, of the sort 

 is not needed, as full co-operation may be safely assumed. 



In March 191 1, at the request of the Australian Government, and at the close of a 

 visit to Australia, Admiral Sir Reginald Henderson reported on the naval needs of the 

 Commonwealth. His report was accepted, and it represents the present aim of Aus- 

 tralian Naval Defence, though, according to a statement made by one member of the 

 Australian Ministry (Mr. Roberts), the acceptance of Admiral Henderson's proposals 

 was subject to ratification by the electors in 1913. But there seems to have been no 

 division of opinion in the Cabinet as to its acceptance. " We have called in a doctor: 

 we must take his prescription," was the statement made by : one member of the Cabinet, 

 discussing the expenditure that Admiral Henderson demanded. His proposed Aus- 

 tralian navy would consist in 22 years of 52 vessels manned by 15,000 men. The high- 

 est annual vote would be 4,794,000, and the ultimate cost would be 88,500,000. 

 The strength of the fleet would be 23 ships in 1918, 42 ships in 1923, 48 ships in 1928, 

 and 52 ships in 1933. 



At present the Australian building programme is confined to the fleet unit de- 

 cided upon in 1909: a battle cruiser, of the " Indomitable " class, three unarmoured 

 cruisers of the " Bristol " class, six destroyers of an improved " River " class, and 

 three submarines of " C " class, and the necessary auxiliaries. In 1912 there were 

 in actual commission the " Parramatta," " Yarra Warrego " (destroyers) ; and in 

 the water, the " Australia " (a battle-cruiser completed in 1912), and " Melbourne " 

 and " Sydney " (cruisers, one of which was due for completion in 1912). Construction 

 of the fleet is proceeding simultaneously in Great Britain and in Australia. The per- 

 sonnel for the fleet will be largely drawn from the British Navy at the outset. But 

 Australian officers and crews will be recruited and trained as quickly as possible. A 

 site has been chosen for a naval college for the training of officers at Jervis Bay (N.S.W.), 

 and a temporary college established at Geelong (Vic.). New Zealand is co-operating 

 with Australia in the maintenance of the college for training naval officers. The 

 provisions of the Act compelling universal training for service affect the naval manning, 

 for young citizens may elect to train as naval cadets. The official report on the train- 

 ing of the first batch of naval cadets, issued September 1912, was satisfactory. 



The cost of this great naval and military preparation is shown in the growth of the 

 Australian Defence votes. In 1905-6 the Commonwealth devoted 970,345 to defence, in 

 1906-7 1,035,795, " 1907-8 i,334.744. n 1908-9 1,050,590, in 1909-10 1,534,881, 

 in 1910-11 3,008,705. The estimates for 1911-12 provide for an expenditure of 4,775,136. 



Administration of both the military and naval systems is by Boards. 



OBITUARY. The Australian obituary for 1911 included the following names: 



SIR RICHARD CHAFFEY BAKER, President of the First Senate of the Commonwealth; d. at 

 Adelaide, Australia, on the i8th March. He was born in North Adelaide in 1842, educated 

 at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge, and called to the Bar in 1864. He was president 

 of the Legislative Council of South Australia from 1893 to 1901, and special envoy to London 

 from the Australian Governments for the mail contract negotiations in 1885. 



SIR JENKIN COLES, speaker of the South Australian Assembly since 1890; b. 1842; d. at 

 Adelaide on the 7th of December. 



SIR GEORGE HENRY JENKINS, Clerk of Parliaments in Victoria since 1891 ; d. at Colombo, 

 Ceylon, on the I7th July. He was born in 1843 at Abergavenny in Monmouthshire, and 

 becoming connected with the government department of Victoria made a .special study of 

 parliamentary procedure and became an authority in Australia on Constitutional questions. 

 He was Clerk of the Legislative Assembly of Victoria from 1882 till 1891, and was knighted 

 in 1904. 



Cardinal PATRICK FRANCIS MORAN, third Archbishop of Sydney, New South Wales, and 

 the first Australian Cardinal; (see E. B. xix, 543c); d. at Sydney on the l6th August. He 

 was born in County Carlow, Ireland, on the l6th September 1830, and educated at the 

 Irish College at Rome, where he became Vice- President and Professor of Hebrew. In 1873 

 he was consecrated Bishop of Ossory, and thence went in 1884 to Sydney as Roman Catholic 

 primate of Australia. Trie cathedral of St. Mary, Sydney, was built under his direction. 



WILLIAM LLOYD MURDOCH, the cricketer; d. suddenly during a cricket match at Mel- 

 bourne, on the l8th February. Born in 1855 at Sandhurst, Victoria, he went to England as 



