752 AMERICAN OBITUARY 



E. B. ii, 793), founder of the family. He graduated at Harvard in 1888. He was colonel on 

 the staff of Governor Levi P. Morton of New York and, in the Spanish-American War was 

 lieutenant-colonel of volunteers, serving in Cuba, with a battery of field guns equipped and 

 organised by him. The Waldorf-Astoria, St. Regis, Knickerbocker and Astor hotels in 

 New York City were built by him. He invented a turbine engine, a bicycle brake, etc., and 

 wrote A Journey in Other Worlds (1890). His wife, n6e Madeline Force, whom he married 

 in September 1911 after being divorced in 1909 by his first wife, Ava Willing, whom he had 

 married in 1891, was rescued from the "Titanic" and bore him a posthumous son. Almost 

 all his enormous estate, probably $80,000,000 at the least, was left to his son by the former 

 marriage, Vincent Astor, who came of age November 15, 1912. 



Francis Bacon, physician, died April 26, 1912. He was born in 1831, graduated at 

 Yale Medical School in 1853 and, after service as a surgeon in the Civil War in 1861-64, 

 was professor of surgery at Yale in 1864-77 and lecturer on medical jurisprudence from 1899 

 to his death. He was known as an alienist and an authority on yellow fever. 



Henry Carey Baird, publisher and author, died in Wayne, Pennsylvania, December 31, 

 1912. He was born in Philadelphia, September 10, 1825, a grandson of Henry Carey (see 

 E. B. v, 329), and was an exponent of Carey's protectionist views. On this subject and on 

 the currency he wrote several tracts and his Philadelphia publishing house, Henry Carey 

 Baird & Co., specialised in technical and industrial books. 



Willis Judson Beecher, Old Testament scholar, died, in Auburn, N. Y., on May 10, 1912. 

 He was born at Hampden, O., April 29, 1838 and was ordained in the Presbyterian ministry 

 in 1864, after graduation from Hamilton College in 1858 and from Auburn Theological 

 Seminary in 1861. With the exception of two charges of short duration, his life was spent 

 in teaching. He was professor of moral science and belles-lettres at Knox College, 1865-69, 

 and of Hebrew language and literature at Auburn Seminary, 1871-1908. He was president 

 of the Society of Biblical Literature and Exegesis in 1904. He wrote: Father Tompkins 

 and His Bibles (1874), The Prophets and the Promise (1905), The Teaching of Jesus Con- 

 cerning the Future Life (1906), The Dated Events of the Old Testament (1907), and Reasonable 

 Biblical Criticism (1911). 



Joel Benton, author, died September 15, 1911. He was born at Amenia, N. Y., May 

 29, 1832. He taught for a few years and then became a journalist and popular lecturer. 

 He wrote: Emerson as a Poet (1882); The Truth about Protection, (1892); Greeley on Lincoln 

 (1893); In the Poe Circle (1899), an d many popular poems. 



Emil Leopold Boas, American resident director and general manager (since 1892) of the 

 Hamburg-Amerika Steamship Company, died at Greenwich, Conn., on May 3, 1912. He 

 was born at Gorlitz, Germany on November 15, 1854, a d was educated in Breslau and 

 Berlin. He came to the United States in 1873, and was a prominent member of important 

 clubs and organisations of a public character. 



Lewis Boss, astronomer, director of Dudley Observatory (Union University), Albany, 

 since 1876, died on October 5, 1912. He was born in Providence, R. I., October 26, 1846, 

 and graduated at Dartmouth College in 1870. He was assistant astronomer to the U. S. 

 Northern Boundary Commission (1872) and a member of the American expedition to observe 

 in Colorado the total eclipse of 1878 and chief of that to observe the transit of Venus in 

 Santiago, Chile, in 1882; edited the Astronomical Journal (1909) and received the gold medal 

 of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1905 and the Lalande prize of the French Academy of 

 Sciences in 1911. His most important publications were star catalogues and essays on The 

 Physical Nature of Comets (1881) and Solar Motion (1901). 



Amory Howe Bradford, Congregational clergyman, died February 18, 1911. He was 

 born in Granby, N. Y., April 14, 1846, graduated at Andover Theological Seminary in 1870, 

 and studied at Oxford. He became pastor of the First Congregational Church at Montclair, 

 N. J., in 1870, and was associate editor of The Outlook from 1892 to 1899. He was a prom- 

 inent member of Congregational councils and missionary bodies in the United States and 

 in Europe. He published more than fifteen books on religious subjects, including Spirit 

 and Life (1888), Heredity and Christian Problems (1895), The Return to Christ (1900), The 

 Age of Faith (1900), The Ascent of the Soul (1902), and The Inward Light. 



Gamaliel Bradford, financier and publicist, died August 21, 1911. He was born in Boston, 

 Mass., January 15, 1831, and after graduating from Harvard in 1849 entered the banking 

 business. In 1868 he retired and devoted the remainder of his life to the study of American 

 institutions and government, especially the state and the municipality. He was an in- 

 dependent in politics and an ardent opponent of the colonial extension of the United States. 

 He wrote The Lesson of Popular Government (1898), and many articles and monographs. 



Edward Stuyvesant Bragg, soldier and legislator, died June 20, 1912. He was born at 

 Unadilla, N. Y., February 20, 1827, studied at Hobart College in 1844-47, and was admitted 

 to the New York bar in 1848. He removed to Wisconsin in 1850. In the Civil War he was 

 commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers, June 25, 1864. He became a prominent 

 member of the Democratic party and was a representative in four Congresses (1877-83). 

 When seconding the presidential nomination of Grover Cleveland, in 1884, he used the famous 

 phrase, "We love him for the enemies he has made." He was American minister to Mexico 



