770 ARIZONA 



Suffrage except in school elections was originally limited by the constitution to male 

 citizens of the United States, 21 years of age, resident in the state one year, and not under 

 guardianship, non compos mentis, insane, or convicted of treason or felony (unless restored 

 to civil rights); but in November 1912 an amendment (proposed by initiative petition) for 

 woman suffrage was adopted by 13,452 votes to 6,202. The legislature, following the instruc- 

 tions of the constitution, in 1912 provided for an advisory popular vote for United States 

 senator (and for United States district judges; the returns of the popular vote being sub- 

 mitted to the president) and enacted a direct primary law providing for nominations for 

 elective state, county and city officers and candidates for United States senator and rep- 

 resentatives in Congress; a registration law (at the special session) making ability to read the 

 constitution in English a requisite for suffrage 1 ; and a law for "general publicity, before and 

 after election, of all campaign contributions . . . and expenditures." The legislature 

 ratified the proposed i6th and I7th amendments to the Federal Constitution (April 8th and 

 June 3, 1912). 



Constitutional amendments may be proposed in either house of the legislature or by a 

 15 initiative petition; they may be voted on by the people at special or general election 

 after due publication. The legislature may not call a constitutional convention without 

 the approval of the people on a referendum vote. 



The constitution prohibits plural or polygamous marriages and the sale or gift of intox- 

 icating liquors to Indians. 



Municipal corporations must be by general statute; but any city of 3,500 inhabitants or 

 more may frame its own charter to be approved by the governor, who may withhold approval 

 only if the charter is in conflict with the constitution and the laws. 



There is a strict article in the constitution governing non-municipal corporations and 

 forbidding monopolies and trusts. A state "corporation commission" supervises public 

 service corporations, except those in incorporated cities and towns, and issues certificates 

 of incorporation and (to foreign corporations) licenses to do business in the state. The 

 legislature in 1912 passed an elaborate Public ^Service Corporation Act. 



The constitution makes 8 hours a lawful day's work in all employment by the state or 

 any political division thereof; forbids the employment of children under 14 during school 

 hours and of children under 16 in mines, in an injurious or hazardous occupation, at night, 

 or more than 8 hours a day; makes it illegal for employers to stipulate in a contract that 

 employes give up claims against employers for personal injuries at work; abrogates the 

 common law doctrine of fellow servant, as affecting the liability of a master for injuries to 

 a servant; and makes the defence of contributory negligence or assumption of risk a question 

 of fact to be left to the jury. By a provision of the constitution alien labour may not be 

 employed by the state, by counties, or by municipalities. 



The legislature, as required by the constitution, passed an employers' liability act apply- 

 ing to dangerous occupations and adding 12% interest per annum to original damages 

 granted for the time consumed in appealing a case. Compensation (not more than 4,000) 

 for temporary incapacity is one half of average earnings; for incomplete disability, one half 

 the difference between earnings before and those after the accident; for death, 1,200 times 

 average daily wages, or, if there are no dependents, medical and burial expenses. Com- 

 panies and corporations are required to pay their employes twice a month. Blacklisting is 

 forbidden. Women are not to be employed in an occupation which requires constant stand- 

 ing, or in any mine, quarry or coal-breaker. 



An eight-hour law was passed for mines and smelters and similar establishments and 

 for electric light and power plants. Other laws provide in various ways for the safety of 

 railway passengers and employes, and specify minutely requirements for the safety of mine 

 workers. Suits against the state were authorised; the penal code was amended; and deser- 

 tion of wife or failure to provide for wife or minor child was made a felony. Columbus Day 

 was made a legal holiday. 



Pandering was made punishable by a fine of $1,000 and imprisonment from one to ten 

 years. A state laboratory for the analysis of food and drugs was established. 



Finance. The constitution provides for a state board of equalisation and for county 

 boards of supervisors to act as boards of equalisation, but a substitute clause was ratified 

 (15,967 to 2,283) by the people in November 1912, allowing the legislature to prescribe a 

 method of assessment, equalisation and levy. A state tax commission was created in 1912 

 and laws were passed for the taxation of private car companies, at the rate of 7 % of the gross 

 receipts, of express companies, at the rate of 5 % of the gross receipts, and of all railways, 

 telegraph and telephone companies, county by county. In 1912 a graduated collateral 

 inheritance tax law was passed. The corporation commission is allowed to exempt at its 

 discretion any railroad from the three cent minimum fare law. The constitutional limit on 

 municipal indebtedness was increased by a constitutional amendment adopted November 5, 

 1912 by 15,357 votes tf> 2,682. 



The report of the state treasurer for the year ending June 20, 1912 shows receipts of 



1 As there is a large Spanish-speaking (Mexican) element in the population, the constitu- 

 tionality of this requirement may be tested in the courts. 



