CONNECTICUT ? 8 5 



whites 72.1% in 1900 and only 69.1% in 1910 (of foreign parentage 31.1% in 1900 and 

 33.6% in 1910), and negroes 1.7% in 1900 and 1.4% in 1910, decreasing in actual num- 

 bers from 15,226 in 1900 to 15,174 in 1910. In 1910, 89.7% (in 1900 87.2%) of the 

 population was in places (72 in 1910; 70 in 1900) of 2,500 or more. The 18 cities with 

 a population of over 5,000 contained together 57.6% of the total. The following cities, 

 boroughs, and towns, each had 10,000 or more: New Haven, 133,605; Bridgeport, 

 102,054; Hartford, 98,915; Waterbury, 73,141; New Britain (city and town since 1906), 

 43,916; Meriden (city), 27,265; Stamford (city) , 25,138; Norwich (city), 20,367; Danbury 

 (city), 20,234; New London, 19,659; Greenwich (town), 16,463; Torrington (borough 

 and town), 15,483; Ansonia, 15,152; Manchester (town), 13,641; Naugatuck (borough 

 and town), 12,722; Windham (town), 12,604; Middletown (city), 11,851; Orange (town), 

 11,272; and Willimantic (city), 11,230. 



Agriculture. The acreage in-farms decreased from 2,312,083 to 2,185,788 between 1900 

 and 1910, and the improved land in farms from 1,064,52510 988,252; the average farm acreage 

 fell from 85.8 to 81.5 and the value of farm property increased from $113,305,580 to $159,- 

 399,771 ($72,206,058 land; $66,113,163 buildings; $6,916,648 implements and $14,163,902 

 domestic animals). Of the land area 70.9 % was in farms. The average value of farm land 

 per acre was $33.03. Farms were operated largely by owners (23,234 by owners, 949 by 

 managers, and 2,632 by tenants). In 1912 (preliminary estimates) the principal crops were: 

 Indian corn, 3,000,000 bu. (60,000 A.); oats, 338,000 bu. (11,000 A.); rye, 122,000 bu. (7,000 

 A.); buckwheat, 62,000 bu. (3,000 A.); potatoes, 2,461,000 bu. (23,000 A.); hay, 436,000 tons 

 (379,000 A.); and tobacco, 29,750,000 Ibs. (17,500 A.). In 1909 (U. S. Census) the. value 

 of vegetables otherjthan potatoes was $1,965,635; of flowers and plants, $1,047,431; of nursery 

 products, $261,506; of small fruits, $316,752 (strawberries, $235,648); of orchard fruits, 

 $1,327,074 (apples, $833,168; peaches and nectarines^ $417,598); of grapes, $43,523. On 

 January I, 1912 there were on farms 47,000 horses, 120,000 milch cows, 71,000 other neat 

 cattle, 2 1 ,000 sheep and 60,000 swine. The Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station published 

 in 1912 important studies of the chestnut blight, showing that it was not imported, that its 

 spread is due to weather conditions and that it will naturally die down; and continued its 

 important researches into nutrition. 



Mineral Products. Total value, 1911, $3,151,588. The principal products of mines 

 and quarries were: stone (granite and traprock mostly) , valued at $1,215,462; lime, $328,904; 

 felspar, 16,497 tons (less than in 1910, but ranking the state third; value, $73,557); clay 

 products, $1,284,166 (entirely brick and tile); and mineral waters bottled at 28 springs, 

 $182,744, two-thirds more than in 1910. 



Manufactures. In 1909 the gross value of products was $490,272,000 ($369,082,000 in 

 1904, the increase being partly due to the increased price of raw material); there were 4,251 

 establishments (3,477 in 1904) and 210,792 wage earners, 18.9% of the total population. 

 More than 60 different industries had each an output valued at more than $1,000,000. 

 Among the principal manufactures are: brass and bronze products, $66,933,000, being four- 

 ninths of the total for the United States; foundry and machine-shop products, including 

 hardware, $65,535,000; cotton goods, $24,232,000; silk goods, $21,063,000; firearms and 

 ammunition, $19,948,000 (the output of ammunition being nearly four-fifths of the total for 

 the country and of firearms nearly one quarter); woollen, worsted and felt goods, $19,363,000 

 and fur felt hats, $10,400,000; silverware and plated-ware, $15,837,000, more than one-third 

 the total value for the country, and for plated-ware alone more than two-thirds; corsets, 

 $12,8 1 5,000, more than one-third the country's total ; automobiles, $ 1 1 ,668,000, 341 .3 % more 

 than in 1904; cutlery and tools, $10,717,000; electrical machinery, $9,824,000; and clocks 

 and watches, $7,390,000. 



In 1909 68.1 % of the state s product came from cities and boroughs, 15 in all, which had 

 each a population of 10,000 or more. These were: Bridgeport, $65,609,000, with 14.9% of 

 the state's foundry and machine-shop products, 53.8 % of the corsets, 33.8 % of the electrical 

 machinery, and more than half of the sewing machines and of the talking machines; New 

 Haven, $5 1, 071,000, of which more than one-seventh was foundry and machine-shop products 

 and other important items were clocks, automobiles, boots, malt liquors; Waterbury, $50,350,- 

 poo, of which five eighths was brass and bronze (21 % of the total for the country), the next 

 item being clocks and watches; Hartford, $40,680,000; New Britain, $22,021,000, 52.9 % of 

 which was hardware; Ansonia, $20,088,000, chiefly brass and bronze products, clocks and 

 watches; Meriden, $16,317,000, chiefly silverware and plated ware; Torrington, $12,550,000, 

 mainly brass and bronze products; Naugatuck, $11,033,000, mainly rubber goods; Danbury, 

 $10,318,000, about two-thirds of which was fur-felt hats (nearly a quarter of the country's 

 output) ; Norwich, $9,389,000, mainly textiles; Stamford, $8,740,000; Willimantic, $6,733,000, 

 textiles and thread; Middletown, $4,955,000, largely men's furnishing goods; and New Lon- 

 don, $4,483,000, largely textiles. 



Transportation. Railway mileage, January i, 1912, 1,015.98. The Federal River 



