GEORGIA 795 



bu. (12,000 A.); hay, 316,000 tons (234,000 A.); cotton, 1,701,000 bales (163 Ibs. per A.); 

 tobacco, 1,162,000 Ibs. (1,400 A.) and rice, 27,000 bu. (900 A.). In 1909 (LJ. S. Census) 

 the value of vegetables (excluding potatoes) was $5,580,368; of small fruits, $111,754; of 

 orchard fruits, 2,930,793 (peaches and nectarines, $2,182,613). On January I, 1912 there 

 were on farms: 124,000 horses, 310,000 mules, 406,000 milch cows, 667,000 other neat 

 cattle, 174,000 sheep and 2,098,000 swine. 



Spraying with Bordeaux mixture was recently proved a specific for the scab which had 

 seriously threatened the pecan groves. The great increase in recent years of the Indian corn 

 crop is partly due to the work done by the Boys' Corn Growing Clubs in 1911 in the seventh 

 congressional district 1,200 boys were engaged in this contest. 



The legislature of 1911 authorised the veterinary department of the agricultural college 

 to manufacture serum for hog cholera and to instruct the public in its use; and that of 1912 

 appropriated $15,000 for the eradication of cattle tick. The appropriation for the board 

 of entomology was increased in 1911 so that its work might be enlarged. Upon petition of 

 50 producers of cotton any county must appoint (1912) a weigher and grader of cotton. 



In McDowell county 8,113 acres were taken over in 1912 by the United States for a 

 forest reservation under the Weeks Law (Mar. I, 1911) to preserve forests on upland water- 

 sheds; and 31,876 acres more (Fannin, Union, Gilmer and Lumpkin counties) were approved 

 for purchase for the same purpose by the National Forest Reservation Commission. 



Mineral Products. Total value, 1911 $6,171,367. Of iron ore the output was 207,279 

 tons ($315,704), and of coal, 165,210 tons ($246,208), both less than in 1910. Clay prod- 

 ucts were valued at $2,636,380 (almost entirely brick and tile), stone at $1,967,077, more 

 than one-half being the value of marble, and sand and gravel at $175,734. Most of the 

 ochre in the United States came from Georgia; value, $69,447. A little gold was still taken 

 from placers and about half as much from siliceous ores; value, $35,070. The output of 

 asbestos was about 60% more than in 1910; and that of bauxite was less, although a new 

 field was worked in Wilkinson county. 



Manufactures. In 1909 there were 4,792 establishments (3,219 in 1904); the capital 

 invested was $202,778,000 (50% more than in 1904); and the total value of products $202,- 

 863,000 (34.3% more than in 1904); 25.7% was the value of cotton goods ($48,037,000), 

 hosiery, knit goods, mostly cotton ($3,233,000), and woollen and worsted goods ($871,000). 

 The value of lumber and timber (about 89% yellow pine), was $24,632,000; of cottonseed 

 oil and cake, $23,641,000 (an increase of 193.2 % since 1899); of manufactured fertilisers, 

 $16,800,000 (about one-sixth of the total for the United States, and about five times as much 

 as in 1899); of flour and grist mill products, $8,000,000; of turpentine and rosin, $6,939,000; 

 steam railway cars and repairs, $6,535,000; printing and publishing, $6,400,000; and foundry 

 and machine shop products, $5,808,000. The principal manufacturing cities, with the value 

 of their product in 1909, are: Atlanta, $33,038,000; Macon, $10,703,000; Augusta, $10,- 

 456,000; Columbus, $8,552,000; and Savannah, $6,734,000. 



Transportation. Railway mileage, January I, 1912, 7,382.19. The Federal govern- 

 ment in 1912 had more than half finished increasing the channel depth of Savannah harbour 

 to 26 ft. and clearing up the Savannah river below Augusta. Work on the river at Augusta 

 was begun in 1911 by the Federal government and the state together. 



Legislation. The legislature met in regular session in 191 1 (June 28-Aug. 17) 

 and in 1912 (June 26-Aug. 14). In 1912 constitutional amendments were adopted: 

 creating Bleckley county from a part of Pulaski (28,717 to 6,886) and Wheeler county 

 from a part of Montgomery (68,627 to 13,003); increasing the governor's borrowing 

 power for annual deficit from $200,000 to $500.000 (10,581 to 12,550); giving the legisla- 

 ture authority to require corporations to pay taxes on September i instead of December 

 20 (21,499 to 14,534); permitting counties to levy taxes for high schools (28,924 to 

 6,970); empowering the legislature to replace with municipal courts justice courts in all 

 cities (except. Savannah) with more than 25,000 inhabitants (24,211 to 10,193); exempt- 

 ing farm products from taxation while held for sale (75,836 to 10,577) > an d allowing judges 

 of superior courts to grant charters in vacation (74,119 to 8,084). Lobbying was 

 prohibited (1911) by a law which requires agents for bills to register the name of their 

 employers, the purpose of their employment and an itemised account of their expendi- 

 tures. Practice in courts of review was revised especially as regards review of judgment 

 for lack of proof of venue and as regards service of bills of exception. Provision was 

 made for the investigation of the judicial system of the state and delects in penal laws. 



The state was divided into 12 Congressional districts in 1911 under the new apportion- 

 ment. A department of game and fish was established and a department of commerce and 

 labour. Hours in cotton and woollen factories were reduced from 1 1 to 10 a day and from 66 to 

 60 a week. In 1912 new laws were passed for calling out militia in time of riot and for declara- 

 tion of martial law; and an insurance department was created. 



