Progressive party could not be nominated by petition, as other methods provided by law 

 had not been used, the Roosevelt ticket made a fair showing. Woodrow Wilson carried 

 the state, receiving 33,921 votes to 32,810 for Taft, 25,527 for Roosevelt and 11,960 

 for Debs (6,400 in 1908). 



Bibliography. Session Laws (2 vpls., Boise", 1911-12) and official reports; H. L. Talking- 

 ton, Political History, State Constitution and School Laws of Idaho (Lewiston, 1911). 



ILLINOIS 1 



Population. In 1910, as in 1890 and 1900, Illinois ranked third in population 

 among the states. The total in 1910 was 5,638,591, 16.9% more than in 1900, a smaller 

 percentage of increase than in any previous decade. Of this total 98 % were whites 

 (76.7% native-born whites, 30.6% whites of foreign parentage, 21.3% foreign-born 

 whites) and 1.9% negroes. In density the state ranked loth, in 1910, with 100.6 in- 

 habitants per sq. m.; the maximum density was 2,578 in Cook county (containing 

 Chicago) and the minimum 25.9, in Henderson county. 



In 1910 there were 144 (in 1900, 114) incorporated places having more than 2,500 

 inhabitants, and these contained 61.7% (in 1900, 54.3%) of the total. In the 920 in- 

 corporated places having less than 2,500, there was only 12 % in 1910. In rural territory 

 there was not merely a relative decrease (from 33.2% in 1900 to 264% in 1910), but an 

 actual decrease (from 1,598,385 in 1900 to 1,486,422 in 1910). Of the 144 municipalities 

 with populations above 2,500, 71 were between 2,500 and 5,000 (total 239,887) and 41 

 between 5,000 and 10,000 (total 286,079). The 32 having over 10,000 were: Chicago, 

 2,185,283 (in 1900, 1,698,575); Peoria, 66,950; East St. Louis, 58,547 (29,655 in 1900); 

 Springfield, 51,678; Rockford, 45,401; Quincy, 36,587; Joliet, 34,670; Decatur, 31,140; 

 Aurora, 29,807; Danville, 27,871; Elgin, 25,976; Bloomington, 25,768; Evanston, 24,978; 

 Rock Island, 24,335; Moline, 2 4> I 99> Galesburg, 22,089; Belleville, 21,122; Oak Park 

 (village), 19,444 (inc. 1902); Freeport, 17,567; Alton, 17,528; Waukegan, 16,069; Jackson- 

 ville, 15,326; Cicero (town), 14,557; Cairo, 14,548; Chicago Heights, 14,525 (5,100 inigoo) ; 

 Streator, 14,253; Kankakee, 13,986; Champaign, 12,421; La Salle, 11,537; Mattoon, 

 11,456; Lincoln, 10,892; and Canton, 10,453. 



Agriculture. The acreage in farms decreased from 32,794,728 to 32,522,937 between 

 1900 and 1910, but the improved land in farms increased from 27,699,219 to 28,048,323, 

 the average farm acreage increased from 124.2 to 129.1, and the value of farm property 

 from $2,004,316,897 to $3,905,321,075 ($3,090,411,148 land, $432,381,422 buildings; $73,- 

 724,074 implements and $308,804,431 domestic animals). Of the land area 90.7% was in 

 farms in 1910. The average value of farm land per acre was $95.02. Farms were operated 

 largely by owners (145,107 by owners, 2,386 by managers and 104,379 by tenants). In 

 1912 (preliminary estimates) the principal crops were: Indian corn, 426,320,000 bu. (10,- 

 658,000 A.); wheat, 9,819,000 bu. (1,183,000 A,); oats, 182,726,000 bu. (4,220,000 A.); 

 barley, 1,796,000 bu. (57,000 A.); rye, 768,000 bu. (48,000 A.); buckwheat, 88,000 bu. 

 (4,000 A.); potatoes, 13,837,000 bu. (137,000 A.); hay, 3,266,000 tons (2,512,000 A.) and 

 tobacco, 684,000 Ibs. (900 A.). In 1909 (U. S. Census) vegetables (except potatoes) were 

 valued at $9,392,296; flowers and plants, $3,694,801; small fruits, $1,109,747 (strawberries, 

 $613,917), orchard fruits, $3,857,743 (apples, $2,111,866; peaches and nectarines, $999,516); 

 and broom corn, $1,457,172 (38,452 A.). On January I, 1912 there were on farms: 1,497,000 

 horses, 151,000 mules, 1,049,000 milch cows, 1,266,000 other neat cattle, 1,068,000 sheep and 

 4,640,000 swine. The office of state inspector of apiaries was created in 1911 by a l<*w which 

 provides for the destruction of bees with foul brood or other contagious diseases; $60,000 

 was appropriated for county fairs, $4,000 for farmers' institutes, $8,000 for demonstration 

 work by the state entomologist and $215,000 for buildings at the state fair. The second 

 special session of 1912 appropriated $130,000 to the Agricultural Experiment Station for 

 a soil survey. Much important work on soils had already been done, especially by Professor 

 Cyril George Hopkins ol the University of Illinois. . 



Mineral Products. Total value, 1911, $106,231,455. In value of coal, $59,519,478, 

 the state ranked 2nd; in quantity, 53,679,118 tons, 3rd. In petroleum, 31,317,038 bbls., 

 $'9.734.339. also it ranked 3rd. Natural gas, $687,726, was more abundant than in pre- 

 ceding years. Clay products were valued at $14,333,011 ($832,813 for yellow and stone 

 ware); stone at $3,467,930 (almost entirely limestone), 8th among the states; Portland 

 cement at $3,583,301 (5th) and a little natural cement; sand and gravel, $1,990,922 

 (2nd). The output of pig iron was $31,152,927 (not included in the total given above), 



1 See E. B. xiv, 304 et seq. 



