ILLINOIS 801 



(3rd); zinc, 4,219 tons (mine reports; 2,884 tons on smelter reports); lead, 964 tons (mine 

 reports; 308 tons on smelter reports). There are large deposits of tripoli. The value of 

 fluorspar, $481 ,635, was more than in any other state. Diamonds were found near Macomb 

 and in Jefferson county one of 7 carats. Mineral waters were valued at $82,330. 



Manufactures. Illinois in 1909 was the most important manufacturing state W. of the 

 Alleghany Mountains and ranked 3d in the Union; the gross value of products was $340.38 

 per capita, and the total value one-eleventh that of the whole country. From 1904 to 1909 

 the number of establishments increased from 14,921 to 18,026 and that of persons engaged 

 in manufacturing from 447,947 (379,436 wage-earners) to 561,044 (465,764 wage-earners) 

 the capital invested from 8975,845,000 to Si, 548, 171,000 (58.6%); and the value of products 

 from $1,410,342,000 to $1,919,277,000. Of separate industries the census reported 95 with 

 products valued at $500,000 or more, 8 more than $50,000,000 each; 8 between $25,000,000 

 and $50,000,000; and 15 between $10,000,000 and $25,000,000. In slaughtering and meat- 

 packing ($389,595,000) Illinois ranked 1st with 28.4% of the country's total. Nearly five- 

 sixths ($325,062,000) of the state's output came from Chicago, and this was more than one- 

 fourth of that city's total ($1,281, 17i,ooo 1 ). The other industries which had each a product 

 valued at $25,000,000 or more were: foundry and machine shops, $138,579,000 (Chicago, 

 $89,669,000); men's clothing, $89,473,000 (Chicago, $85,296,000); printing and publishing, 

 $87,247,000, ranking the state 2nd to New York orly (Chicago, $74,211,000); iron and steel, 

 rolling mills, $86,608,000, ranking the state 3rd (Chicago, $45,984,000); agricultural 

 implements, $57,268,000, ranking the state 1st with two-fifths of the country's output; 

 distilled liquors, $55,200,000, being 27 % of the country's product and consisting principally 

 of corn whisky; flour and grist-mill products, $51,111,000; lumber and timber, $44,952,000 

 (Chicago, $32,709,000); iron and steel, blast furnaces, $38,300,000, 9.8% of the total of the 

 country and ranking the state 3rd; steam railway car construction and repairs, $32,229,000, 

 and not by railway companies $27,001,000; malt liquors, $28,449,000 (Chicago, $19,- 

 512,000); furniture, $27,900,000 (Chicago, $20,512,000); and electrical machinery, apparatus 

 and supplies, $26,826,000 (Chicago, $20,669,000). Next to Chicago the most important 

 manufacturing cities were: Peoria, $63,061,000 (chiefly distillery products); Joliet, $38,816, - 

 500 (chiefly steel); Rockford, $22,265,700; Moline, $20,891,700 (chiefly agricultural imple- 

 ments); Waukegan, $19,984,000; East St. Louis, $18,228,000; Quincy, $11,435,600; Elgin 

 $11,119,700; Aurora, $10,954,200; and Chicago Heights, $10,839,200. 



Transportation. Railway mileage, Jan. i, 1912, 12,132.10, more than in any other state 

 save Texas. The law governing the railroad and warehouse commission was amended and 

 the commission's powers were increased. To it was given. jurisdiction over express com- 

 panies, which were declared common carriers. A uniform bills of lading act was passed in 

 1911. The governor appointed a rivers and lakes commission to survey the waters of the 

 state, to prevent pollution and to gather data in reference to navigability, deep waterways, 

 reclamation and water power, etc. In 1911 the Federal government completed the Black 

 River pool (20 ft. wide; 7 ft. deep) of the Illinois and Mississippi Canal and began work on 

 turning basins in the Calumet river. 



Legislation. The legislature met in regular session from January 4 to June i, 

 1911; in special session from June 14 to November 14, IQII, from March 26 to June 

 5, 1912, and from April 24 to June 5, 1912. The third special session was called after 

 the beginning of the second and its proceedings were carried on on the same days (but 

 not at the same time) as the second session. This was unprecedented in the state. 

 The legislature urged on Congress a constitutional amendment giving to Congress the 

 power to prevent and suppress monopolies. The state supreme court was authorised 

 to appoint persons to aid the appellate judges. An amendment to the state constitution 

 providing for initiative and referendum passed the senate but secured nine votes less 

 than the necessary two-thirds in the lower house. A new ballot law provides that, 

 when two or more persons are to be chosen for any one office, the names of party candi- 

 dates are to be arranged in a party column, in order, according to the vote cast for each 

 at primaries and the names of candidates nominated by petition in the order in which 

 their names appear on the nominating petition. A direct primary law like that enacted 

 in 1908, but omitting clauses held unconstitutional by the state supreme court, was passed 

 in 1911. A presidential primary election law 2 (approved 30 March, 1912) provides 

 that the vote of the state at large is to be considered advisory to convention delegates- 

 at-large and the vote of each congressional district advisory to delegates of the district; 

 and there is provision for advisory voting for candidates for United States senator. 



1 The total value of the output of Chicago's factories exceeded that of any state of the 

 Union except New York, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Massachusetts and Ohio. 



2 Principally to secure such a law, Governor Deneen called the special session. 



