806 INDIANA 



(9,000 A.); rye, 928,000 bu. (64,000 A.); buckwheat, 95,000 bu. (5,000 A.); potatoes, 9.918,- 

 ooo bu. (87,000 A.); hay, 2,582,000 tons (1,885,000 A.); and tobacco, 14,960,000 Ibs. (18,700 

 A.). In 1909 (U. S. Census) the value of mint was $58, no (1,814 A.); of vegetables (exclud- 

 ing potatoes), 87,498,024; of small fruits, 612,725; of orchard fruits, $3,709,275 (apples, 

 $1,720,811; peaches and nectarines, $1,123,248; cherries, 508,516). On January I, 1912 

 there were on farms: 838,000 horses, 84,000 mules, 634,000 milch cows, 707,000 other neat 

 cattle, 1,372,000 sheep and 4,031,000 swine. 



Mineral Products. Total value, 1911, $37,430,187. In output of coal the state ranked 

 6th with 14,201,355 tons ($15,326,808) and of this product as of petroleum, 1,695,289 bbls. 

 (81,228,835) and of natural gas ($1,192,418), the product was less than in 1910. Many 

 gas wells were exhausted in 1911. The value of clay products was 7,000,771 (including 

 549,470 for sanitary ware $1,004,737 for all pottery). In Portland cement the state in 

 1911 ranked 2nd in quantity and 3rd in value, 7,407,830 bbls., $5,937,241. The value of 

 stone was 4,413,655 (mostly limestone); of lime, $324,950; of sand and gravel, $1,133,829. 

 Mineral waters, bottled at 15 springs (including 6 resorts), were worth $653,641. 



Manufactures. From 1904 to 1909 the number of establishments increased from 7,044 

 to 7,969; the number of persons engaged in manufacturing from 176,227 (154,174 wage- 

 earners) to 218,263 (186,984 wage-earners); the capital invested from $312,071,000 to 

 $508,717,000 (63%); and the value of products from $393,954,000 to $579,075,000 the 

 state ranking 9th in the Union. Among the principal manufactures in 1909 were: slaughter- 

 ing and meat packing products, 47,289,000, of which about four-fifths came from Indianap- 

 olis; flour, 40,541,000, ranking the state 8th; foundry and machine-shop products, 39,884,- 

 ooo; iron and steel mills, $38,652,000, 128.4% more than in 1904; distilled liquors, 31,610,- 

 ooo, the state ranking 3rd (in 1904, 2nd); automobiles, 23,764,000; lumber and timber, 

 $23,135,000; carriages and wagons, $21,655,000; furniture and refrigerators, $18,456,000; 

 railway cars, repairs, 17,128,000, and manufacture, $9,498,000; agricultural implements, 

 13,670,000; and glass, $i 1,593,000. The principal manufacturing cities were: Indianapolis, 

 126,522,000; South Bend, $27,854,000; Fort Wayne, $23,687,000; Evansville, 22,929,000; 

 and terre Haute, $21,793,000. 



Transportation. Railway mileage, January I, 1912, 7,496.72. In 1911 the powers of 

 the railway commission were much increased; railway rates are subject to its decision's, and 

 it may suspend any rate for 30 days. An act deals with the liability of common carriers and 

 includes a bill of lading law. In 191 1 the Federal government began the improvement of the 

 outer harbour at Indiana Harbor. 



Constitution. A new constitution was to have been voted upon in November 1912, 

 but the constitutionality of this was in question and the matter was referred to the 

 state supreme court, which had previously decided that an amendment was pending 

 until a majority of the electors of the state had voted for it or against it, and which held 

 (July 5, 1912) the act submitting the new draft unconstitutional because a single session 

 of the legislature and not two consecutive sessions or a constitutional convention pro- 

 posed the changes. The supreme court by three (i Democrat, the chief justice, and 

 2 Republicans) to two (Democrats), upheld the Marion circuit court (Remstcr, 

 Democrat), which enjoined the state board of election commissioners, including the 

 governor, from putting the constitutional question on the ballot; the decision was not 

 on party lines. The constitution of 1851 forbids the proposal of amendments (or an 

 amendment) when action on an amendment is pending, and an amendment of 1897 

 giving the legislature power to prescribe qualifications for admission to the bar (every 

 voter of good moral character may now be admitted to the bar) was voted on by the 

 people in 1900, 1906 and 1910, each time not decisively, so that this pending amendment 

 barred other amendments. It is a question whether revision by the creation of a new 

 constitution is barred in the same way as the constitution of 1851 prescribed no mode 

 of adopting a new one. The Republican party opposed the new constitution, and it 

 was argued that it was not new but amended, that the legislature could constitutionally 

 call a constitutional convention, but could not submit a constitution to the people, 

 and that this was a " one man " draft it was largely the work of Governor Marshall. 



The principal changes in the proposed constitution were: in the bill of rights, a 

 provision empowering the legislature to enact a workmen's compulsory compensation 

 law, denning " hazardous employment;" in suffrage requirements, the increase from 

 six to twelve months of residence in the state, the omission of a clause giving the suffrage 

 to aliens living in the state six months and in the United States one year, who have 

 declared their intention to become citizens and the addition of a clause requiring would- 



