846 MISSOURI 



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MISSOURI ' 



Population (1910) 3,293,335 (6% more than in 1900). Negroes made up 4.8% 

 (5.3% in 1900); native whites 88.2% (87.9% in 1900), and foreign-born whites 6.9% 

 (unchanged). Density to the sq. m. 47.9 (11,262.8 in St. Louis). The urban popula- 

 tion (in 62 municipalities of 2,500 or more) made up 42.5% of the total (in 1900, 50 

 cities made up 36.3%); there was a decrease from 53.7 to 46.6% in the purely rural 

 population. There were 27 municipalities of 5,000 or over, as follows: St. Louis, 

 687,029 (575,238 in 1900); Kansas City, 248,381 (163,752 in 1900); St. Joseph, 77,403; 

 Springfield, 35,201; Joplin, 32,073; Hannibal, 18,341; Sedalia, 17,822; Jefferson City, 

 11,850; Webb City, 11,817; Moberly, 10,923; Independence, 9,859; Columbia, 9,662; 

 Carthage, 9,483; St. Charles, 9,437; Cape Girardeau, 8,475; Wellston, 7,312; Nevada, 

 7,176; Webster Groves, 7,080 (1,895 m I 9)j Poplar Bluff, 6,916; Kirksville, 6,347; 

 Chillicothe, 6,265; Mexico, 5,939; Brookfield, 5,749; Trenton, 5,656; Lexington, 5,242; 

 Fulton, 5,228; Flat River, 5,112. 



Agriculture. The acreage in farms increased from 33,997,873 to 34,591,248 between 

 1900 and 1910; the improved land in farms from 22,900,043 to 24,581,186; the average farm 

 acreage from 119.3 to 124.8; and the value of farm property from 81,033,121,897 to 2,052,- 

 917,488 (Si, 445,982, 389 land, $270,221,997 buildings, 850,873,994 implements, and 285,839,- 

 108 domestic animals). Of the land area 78.6 % was in farms. The average value of farm 

 land per acre was 841.80. Farms were operated largely by owners (192,285 by owners, 2,001 

 by managers and 82,958 by tenants). In 1912 (preliminary estimates) the principal crops 

 were: Indian corn, 243,904,000 bu. (7,622,000 A.); wheat, 23,750,000 bu. (1,900,000 A.); 

 oat=, 37,125,000 bu. (1,125,000 A.); barley, 149,000 bu. (6,000 A.); rye, 222,000 bu. (15,000 

 A.); buckwheat, 30,000 bu. (2,000 A.)- potatoes, 7,980,000 bu. (95,000 A.); hay, 4,143,000 

 tons (3,187,000 A.); cotton, 59,000 bales (267 Ibs. per A.); tobacco, 6,000,000 Ibs. (6,000 A.); 

 flaxseed, 72,000 bu. (12,000 A.). In 1909 (U. S. Census) the value of vegetables (excluding 

 potatoes) was 88,268,281; of small fruits, 81,761,409; of orchard fruits, 86,582,578 (apples, 

 84,885,544; peaches and nectarines, 81,110,550). On January i, 1912 there were on farms: 

 1,095,000 horses, 333,000 mules, 822,000 milch cows, 1,504,000 other neat cattle 1,755,000 

 sheep, and 4,491,000 swine. In 1912 the agricultural experiment station pursued various 

 studies of Indian corn and of hog cholera, and continued its rotation experiments conducted 

 for more than_twenty years on the same field. With the Federal department of agriculture 

 it co-operates in investigations of farm management. 



Mineral Products. Total value, 1911, $52,636,348. Of greatest importance were: 

 lead, 182,207 tons ($16,398,630) being about 95 % of the total output in 1911 of the Central 

 States; and zinc 127,540 tons (14,539,560), more than from any other state. _ About five- 

 sixths of the lead comes from central and S. E. Missouri and almost all the zinc from the 

 S. W. part of the state. From the lead ores of S. E. Missouri there was recovered 49,100 oz. 

 of silver ($26,500); and 640,411 Ibs. of copper ($80,051; nearly seven times as much as in 

 1910). The coal mined in 1911 was 3,760,607 tons (86,431,066). Clay products, almost 

 all brick and tile, were valued at 6,274,353; and sand and gravel at $1,042,674, ranking the 

 state 4th. Mineral waters, bottled at 24 springs, were valued at 886,747. The value of 

 natural gas was only $10,496 and that of barytes of which more is found here than in any 

 other state $81,380. In 1911 new deposits of tripoli were found at Stella, about 25 m. E. 

 of Seneca, where deposits had already been worked. 



Manufactures. In 1904-09 the number of establishments increased from 6,464 to 

 x -375; the number of persons engaged in manufacturing from 156,585 (133,167 wage-earners) 

 to 185,705 (152,993 wage-earners); the capital from 8379,369,000 to $444,343,000; and the 

 value of products from $439,549,00010 $574,111,000. The most important industry was 

 slaughtering and meat-packing ($79,581,000). In the manufacture of boots and shoes 

 Missouri ranked 2nd (4th in 1904; 8th in 1899) with a product of $48,751,000. Other 

 important manufactures were flour and grist-mill products, $44,508,000; printing and 

 publishing, $29,651,000; malt liquors, 27,447,00^ lumber and timber, $23,261,000; men's 

 clothing, $15,407,000; foundry and machine-shop products, $19,975,000; roasting and 

 grinding coffee and spice, 12,062,000; railway car construction, $9,812,000; carriages and 

 wagons, 8,469,000; copper, tin and sheet iron, 7,827,000; and patent medicines, $7,639,000. 

 St. Louis was by far the most important manufacturing city ($328,495,000) ranking 4th 

 among the cities of the Union. Other manufacturing cities were Kansas City, $54,705,060; 

 St. Joseph, $17,626,000; Hannibal, 86,195,000; Jefferson City, $5,446,000; Springfield, 

 $5,382,000; Joplin, $4,136,000 (chiefly lead-smelting); Sedalia, $2,333,000; Moberly, $1,984,- 

 ooo; and Webb City, 8777,000. 



Transportation. Total railway mileage, on January I, 1912, 8,221.17. 



1 See E. B. xviii, 607 et seq. 



