86o 



total. There were 32 places, each with more than 10,000 inhabitants, as follows, 

 Newark, 347,469 (246,070 in 1900); Jersey City, 267,779 (206,433 i n I 9)j Paterson, 

 125,600; Trenton, 96,815; Camden, 94,538; Elizabeth, 73,409; Hoboken, 70,1- 

 324; Bayonne, 55,545; Passaic, 54,773; Atlantic City, 46,150; West Hoboken (town), 

 35,403; East Orange, 34,371; Perth Amboy, 32,121; Orange, 29,630; New Brunswick, 

 2 3>388; Montclair (town), 21,550; Union (town), 21,023; Plainfield, 20,550; Kearny 

 (town), 18,659; Bloomfield (town), 15,070; Harrison (town), 14,498; Bridgeton, 14,209; 

 Hackensack (town), 14,050; Phillipsburg (town), 13,903; West New York (town), 

 13)560 (5,267 in 1900); Long Branch, 13,298; Morristown (town), 12,507; Millville, 

 12,451; Irvington (town), 11,877; West Orange (town), 10,980; Garfield (borough), 

 10,213 (3,504 in 1900); Asbury Park, 10,150 (4, 148 in 1900). 



Agriculture. The acreage in farms decreased from 2,840,966 to 2,573,857 between 1900 

 and 1910 and the improved land in farms from 1,977,042 to 1,803,336; the average farm acre- 

 age decreased from 82.0 to 76.9; and the value of farm property increased from 189,533,660 

 to 254,832,665 (124,143,167 land; $92,991,352 buildings; $13,109,507 implements; $24,588,- 

 639 domestic animals). Of the land area 53.5 % was in farms. The average value of farm 

 land per acre was $48.23. Farms were operated largely by owners (24,133 by owners, 1,060 

 by managers and 8,294 by tenants). In 1912 the principal crops (preliminary estimates) 

 were: Indian corn, 10,374,000 bu. (273,000 A.); wheat, 1,462,000 bu. (79,000 A.); oats, 

 1,849,000 bu. (67,000 A.) ; rye, i, 260,000 bu. (72,000 A.); buckwheat, 264,000 bu. (12,000 A.); 

 potatoes, 9,936,000 bu. (92,000 A.), and hay, 521,000 tons (362,000 A.). In 1909 (U.S. 

 Census) the value of vegetables other than potatoes was $7,566,493; of flowers and plants, 

 $2,857,709; of nursery products, $681,814; of small fruits, $1,954,125 (strawberries, $929,- 

 108); of orchard fruits, $1,975,044 (apples, $956,108; peaches and nectarines, $652,771); of 

 grapes, $132,957. On January I, 1912 there were on farms: 91,000 horses, 4,000 mules, 

 150,000 milch cows, 68,000 other neat cattle, 30,000 sheep, and 165,000 swine. 



In 1911 a department of poultry husbandry was established in the agricultural experiment 

 station and the office of state plant pathologist was created. The pathologist is to examine 

 nurseries, destroy plants incurably diseased and prevent the spread of disease. The state 

 entomologist was required to inspect all apiaries for diseased bees. 



Mineral Products. Total value, 1911, $27,559,246. In clay products the state ranked 

 3rd, below Ohio and Pennsylvania, with a total value of $18,178,228, of which $8,401,941 

 was pottery, in which the state was exceeded 'only by Ohio. Almost all the zinc produced in 

 the East comes from the Franklin Furnace mines in this state; the total was 15,128 tons, 

 valued at $1,724,592, in 1911. Pig iron was valued at $583,300 (not included in the total 

 given above), and iron ore, 359,721 tons, was valued at $1,158,271. Sand and gravel were 

 valued at $1,058,926; Portland cement, at $3,259,528; stone at $1,597,410 (of which $1,136,- 

 385 was the value of trap rock); lime, at $113,784, and mineral waters, from 12 springs, at 

 $210,123 (58% more than in 1910). The greensand marls of the state with a potash content 

 of 3 \ to 6^ % are being studied as a commercial source of salts for fertiliser. 



Manufactures. In 1904-09 the number of establishments increased from 7,010 to 8,8l7 ; 

 and that of persons engaged from 296,262 (266,336 wage-earners) 10371,265 (326,223 wage- 

 earners); capital invested from $715,060,000 to $977,172,000; and the value of products from 

 $774,369,000 to $1,145,529,000 (47.9%), ranking the state 6th in the Union. 



In 1009, 24 separate industries reported products valued at $10,000,000 or more. The 

 three most important manufactures were: copper refining and smelting products, $125,651,- 

 ooo (twice as much as in 1904, and much more than in any other state); silk and silk goods, 

 $65,430,000 (52.6% more than in 1904; one-third the country's total); and foundry and 

 machine-shop products, $65,398,000 (29.4% more than in 1904). Other important manu- 

 factures were: slaughtering and meat-packing products, $37,583,000; woollen, worsted and 

 felt goods, including hats, $33,939,000; wire, $28,858,000 ($17,777,000 being copper wire two- 

 fifths of the country's product); leather r $28,431,000; electrical machinery, $28,365,000; 

 tobacco, $24,177,000; chemicals, $22,824,006, ranking the state 2nd; malt liquors, $20,184,- 

 ooo; rubber goods, $19,543,000, ranking the state 2nd; cotton goods, especially thread, $13,- 

 729,000; soap, $13,674,000; lumber and timber, $13,511,000; jewelry, $13,272,000; pottery, 

 terracotta and fire-clay products, $13,139,000 the state was 2nd in this industry; paint and 

 varnish, $12,767,000; iron and steel rolling mills, $12,014,000; copper, tin and sheet-iron prod- 

 ucts, $11,114,000; and oilcloth, $10,143,000, in this industry New Jersey ranked 1st. 



The leading manufacturing cities were: Newark, $202,51 1,500, the I ith city in the Union 

 in value of manufactures, its principal products being refined copper, leather ($18,858,000), 

 foundry and machine-shop products ($15,482,000), jewelry ($13,152,000), malt liquors 

 ($12,361,000), and paint and varnish; Jersey City, $128,775,000, including slaughtering and 

 meat-packing ($22,314,000), tobacco ($11,065,000), foundry and machine-shop products, 

 soap; Bayonne, $73,641,000, petroleum refining; Perth Amboy, $73,093,000, copper refining; 

 Paterson, $69,584,000 (silk $40,358,000); Camden, $49,138,000; Trenton, $49,009,000; 

 Passaic, $41,729,250 (textiles $20,536,000); Elizabeth, $29,147,000; Hoboken, $20,413,000. 



