NORTH DAKOTA 879 



is not a relative) and fora taxof'i % on incomes above S 1,000 from property not taxed. In 

 the fiscal year ending November 30, 1912 receipts were$3,4i3,656and expenditures $3,341,021, 

 leaving a balance December i, 1912 of $290,856, in face of unpaid obligations amounting 

 to $1,095,709. The total state debt was $7,832,950. 



Education. In 1911 the legislature voted to establish in each county, after a favourable 

 vote therein, a country farm-life school, to which state aid is to be given. A school at Vance- 

 boro, Craven county, under this law will open in 1913. Under a special act for Guilford 

 county, there are three agricultural high schools. The name of the Baptist University for 

 Women in Raleigh was changed to Meredith College, and the name of the Croatan normal 

 school to the Indian normal school of Robeson county (the name of "Croatan Indians" be- 

 coming officially "Indians of Robeson county.") Among the appropriations in 1911 was 

 $100,000 for weaker school districts to bring their term up from four to five months a year. 



For the school year 1911-12 the school population was 762,607; the enrollment in public 

 schools, 525,507; the average daily attendance, 332,546; the average school term, 109 days; 

 the receipts for schools, $4,448,752, and the expenditures, $4,078,768. 



Of the population 10 years and over in 1910 18.5% (28.7 in 1900) were illiterate; of 

 whites, 12.3 (19.4 in 1900); of negroes, 31.9 (47.6 in 1900). 



Penal and Charitable Institutions. The legislature in 1911 appropriated $60,000 for a 

 school for the feeble-minded over 6 years of age; a site has been chosen at Kinston, Lenoir 

 county. A reform and manual training school for negroes between 7 and 16 was established. 



History. Governor William Walton Kitchin 1 (b. 1866), who had been a representa- 

 tive in Congress in 1897-1909, was not renominated for governor for the term 1913-17, 

 but entered the campaign to succeed Furnifold McLendel Simmons (b. 1854; senator 

 1901-13), also a Democrat, as United States senator; he was defeated at the November 

 election (which in this state includes what is practically a Democratic senatorial pri- 

 mary), Simmons receiving about 30,000 more votes and Chief Justice Walter Clark 

 about 25,000 less votes than Kitchin. The ten (Democratic) representatives in the 

 62nd Congress were reelected in 1912. In the campaign for governor, Locke Craig 

 (b. 1860; member state house of representatives, 1899 and 1901), Democrat, was elected 

 by 149,975 votes to 43,625 for Thomas Settle (b. 1865; representative in Congress, 

 1893-97), Republican, 49,930 for Iredell Meares, Progressive, of Wilmington, who had 

 refused (Oct. 28th) the offer of the Republicans to withdraw the Taft electors if the 

 Progressives would support Settle for governor. The Republican (43,625) and the 

 Progressive (49,930) votes were so small that the parties cannot be officially recognised 

 in the state 50,000 votes is the minimum for an " official " party. The next legislature 

 will have 46 Democrats in a senate of 50, and 106 Democrats in a lower house of 120. 

 Woodrow Wilson carried the state, with 144,507 votes to 69,130 for Roosevelt, 29,139 

 for Taft and 1,025 for Debs. In the presidential campaign, Josephus Daniels (b. 1862), 

 editor of the Raleigh News and Observer, took a prominent part as a member of the 

 Democratic National Executive Committee and in charge of the publicity bureau. 



At Pinehurst a negress was lynched for murder on June 25, 1912. 



Charles Brantley Aycock, born 1859, Democrat, governor in 1901-05 and a leader 

 in the campaign for state-wide prohibition, died April 4, 1912. He was a candidate for 

 U.S. senator in 1911. See his Life and Speeches by R. D. W. Connor and Clarence Poe 

 (Garden City, N. Y., 1912). 



Bibliography. Laws (3 vols., Raleigh, 1911); official and departmental reports; A. S. 

 Salley, Jr., ed., Narratives of Early Carolina, 1650-1708 (New York, 1911); R. D. W. Connor, 

 Makers of North Carolina History (Raleigh, 1911). 



NORTH DAKOTA 2 



Population (1910) 577,056 (80.8% more than in 1900). Foreign-born whites con- 

 stituted 27.1% (35:3% in 1900); native whites of native parentage, -28.2% (20.6% in 

 1900). Density 8.2 to the sq. m. The rural (unincorporated) territory contained 

 72.1 % of the total (in 1900 77.7%). The 10 places of 3,000 or more contained together 

 11%. of the total. They were: Fargo, 14,331; Grand Forks, 12,478; Minot, 6,188 

 (1,277 in 1900); Bismarck, 5,443; Devils Lake, 5,157; Valley City, 4,606; Jamestown, 

 4,358; Mandan, 3,873; Dickinson, 3,678; and Williston, 3,124 (763 in 1900). 



1 His father, William H. Kitchin (1837-1902) was in the Federal House of Representatives 

 1879-81; and his brother Claude (b. 1869) a representative in 1901-13, reelected 1912. 



2 See E. B. xix, 779 et seq. 



