OHIO 883 



Findlay, 14,858; Elyria, 14,825; Chillicothe, 14,508; Massillon, 1.3,879; Piqua, 13,388; 

 Middletown, 13,152; Ironton, 13,147; Lancaster, 13,093; Bellaire, 12,946; Marietta, 

 12,923; Tiffin, 11,894; Cambridge, 11,327; and .Warren, 11,081. 



Agriculture. The acreage in farms decreased from 24,501,985 to 24,105,708 between 

 1900 and 1910, and the improved land in farms from 19,244,472 to 19,227,969; the average 

 farm acreage increased from 88.5 to 88.6, arid the value of farm property from $1,198,923,946 

 to $1,902,694,589 ($1,285,894,812 land; $368,257,594 buildings; $51,210,071 implements; 

 $197,332,112 domestic animals). Of the land area 92.5% was in farms. The average value 

 of farm land per acre was $53.34. Farms were operated largely by owners (192,104 by 

 owners, 2,753 by managers and 77,183 by tenants). In 1912 (preliminary estimates) the 

 principal crops were: Indian corn, 174,410,000 bu. (4,075,000 A.); wheat, 9,760,000 bu, 

 (1,220,000 A.); oats, 93,280,000 bu. (2,120,000 A.); barley, 620,000 bu. (20,000 A.); rye, 

 884,000 bu. (57,000 A.); buckwheat, 410,000 bu. (21,000 A.); potatoes, 20,832,000 bu. 

 (186,000 A.); hay, 4,026,000 tons (2,960,000 A.), and tobacco, 79,304,000 Ibs. (86,200 A.). 

 In 1909 (U.S. Census) the value of vegetables, other than potatoes, was $11,393, 791; of flowers 

 and plants, $2,384,830; of small fruits, $1,296,343; of orchard fruits, $5,691,530 (apples, $2,- 

 970,851; peaches and nectarines, $1,349,311); of grapes, $858,594. On January I, 1912 there 

 were on farms. 901,000 horses, 24,000 mules, 887,000 milch cows, 885,000 other neat cattle, 

 3,694,000 sheep and 3,578,000 swine. 



Mineral Products. TotaX value, 1911, $97,090,284. The state ranked 2nd (to Pennsyl- 

 vania) in pig iron with a value of $73,484,592 (not included in the total above); and was 1st 

 in clay-working industries (value $32,663,895, about one-fifth the total for the country) 

 and also in the manufacture of pottery (value $14,775,265, included in the total for clay- 

 working). In stone, $5,796,829, Ohio ranked 4th; about three-fourths was limestone. Coal 

 was valued at $31,810,123 (30,759,986 tons) ranking the state 4th; natural gas at $9,367,347 

 (more than in any other year except 1909 there were new wells in Lorain, Medina and 

 Ashland counties), ranking the state 3rd; petroleum, at $9,479,542 (8,8i7,H2bbls. ;less than 

 in 1910), ranking the state 6th; and salt at $1,100,453 (4,302,507 bbls.), ranking the state 

 3rd. The value of sand and gravel was $2,104,776 and in the production of glass sand the 

 state ranked 3rd. Portland cement was valued at $1,228,680 and one of the three puzzolan 

 cement plants in the United States in operation in 191 1 was that at Struthers. In grindstones 

 and pulpstones the state ranked 1st with $742,107 out of $907,316 for the entire country. 

 Lime was valued at $1,607,524, 2nd only to Pennsylvania. Mineral waters from 28 springs, 

 including 4 resorts, were valued at $86,478. 



Manufactures. From 1904 to 1909 the number of establishments increased from 13,785 

 to 15,138 and that of persons engaged in manufacturing from 417,946 (364,298 wage-earners) 

 to 523,004 (446,934 wage-earners); capital invested from $856,989,000 to $1,300,733,000 

 (51.8 %) ; and the value of products from $960,812,000 to $1,437,936,000 (49.7 %), ranking the 

 state 5th. Three closely related industries had product values amounting together to 29.7 % 

 of the total. These were: iron and steel from steel works and rolling mills, $197,780,000; 

 iron and steel from blast furnaces, $83,699,000; and foundry and machine-shop products, 

 $145,837,000 Ohio ranking 3rd in this industry and 2nd in the two classes of iron and steel 

 manufactures. In slaughtering and meat-packing ($50,804,000), the state ranked 8th; in 

 flour and grist-mill products ($48,093,000) 5th. Other products were: automobiles, $38,839,- 

 ooo (more than 5 times as much as in 1904 and more than that of any other state save Michi- 

 gan); lumber and timber products, $34,597,000; boots and shoes, $31,551,000 the state 

 being 5th in this industry; tobacco manufactures, $28,907,000, ranking the state 5th; cars, 

 construction and repairs by steam railway companies, $28,690,000; malt liquors, $25,332,000; 

 men's clothing, $24,869,000, and women's clothing, $19,493,000; carriages and wagons, 

 $21,949,000, first in the Union; pottery, terracotta and fire-clay products, $21,173,000, the 

 state ranking 1st; copper, tin and sheet iron products, $19,086,000; electrical machinery, 

 apparatus and supplies, $18,777,000; soap, $17,077,000; paper and wood pulp, $16,965,000; 

 furniture, $16,259,000; stoves and furnaces, $15,358,000. The state ranked 1st in safes 

 and vaults; flags, banners, etc.; pumps, not steam pumps; and grindstones. 



The principal manufacturing cities were: Cleveland, 5th in the United States, $271,961,- 

 ooo; Cincinnati, I2th, $194,516,000; Youngstown, $81,271,000, 1st in the state in steel and 

 iron; Akron, $73,158,000, ist in the country in manufacture of rubber; Toledo, $61,229,500; 

 Dayton, $60,378,000, 1st in the country in the manufacture of cash registers and calculating 

 machines; Columbus, $49,032,000; Lorain, $38,987,000; Canton, $28,583,000; Steubenville, 

 $21,187,000; Springfield, $19,246,000, and Hamilton, $18,184,000. 



Transportation. Railway mileage, January I, 1912, 9,406.1. The legislature in 1911 

 voted to abandon the Hocking Canal and to sell or lease the lands connected with it. It 

 gave to counties the power to issue bonds or give aid otherwise to the establishment of water- 

 ways and canals and it created a state highway department with a state highway commission- 

 er and 3 deputy commissioners. Parts of the Ohio Canal were abandoned, sold or leased ; a 

 part of the Miami and Erie Canal was leased to Cincinnati as a public boulevard. The slack 

 water in the Scioto river was abandoned for canal purposes and the rights transferred 

 to Columbus, the Columbus feeder to the Ohio Canal being abandoned. 



